Exos X16 16TB drives on Intel Controller timing out when SATA link power management enabled
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lwfitzgerald commented
I've got a bunch of Exos X16 16TB (ST16000NM001G) drives connected to the Intel W680 chipset SATA ports on my motherboard. If SATA link power management is enabled there appear to be occasional ATA timeouts communicating with the drives when they're put under load. The errors look like this:
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x50000 action 0x6 frozen
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake }
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5.00: failed command: FLUSH CACHE EXT
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5.00: cmd ea/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 13
res 40/00:81:81:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/40 Emask 0x4 (timeout)
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5.00: status: { DRDY }
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5: hard resetting link
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5.00: configured for UDMA/133
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5.00: retrying FLUSH 0xea Emask 0x4
Nov 01 22:54:51 ubuntu kernel: ata5: EH complete
I believe I've ruled out a few of the common causes:
- SATA cables - replaced
- SATA port on motherboard - Issue occurs with Exos drives connected to any of the ports
- Motherboard UEFI/BIOS - updated to latest
- Single faulty drive -
- The issue occurs across the multiple Exos drives I have
- I've completed
badblockswrite+read passes over the drives with no issues found - SMART data appears to be clean on the drives (see below for a full report)
- PSU - Brand new (over-sized PSU)
- I'm unable to reproduce the issue with SATA link power management disabled.
I've started to suspect the issue is the Exos drives as I'm unable to reproduce the issue with other models of drive (still SATA 6Gbps, with SATA link power management support) connected to the same ports.
It's also possible that it's an incompatibility between the particular drive and the Intel SATA controller, as the issue doesn't seem to manifest when the drives are connected to a PCI-e ASMedia ASM1166 card with SATA link power management enabled.
The only configuration changes I've made to the drives (using bootable SeaChest) are:
- FastFormat to native 4K sectors (disable 512e)
- Disable
Idle_bEPC (head parking),Idle_aremains enabled with the default timer
I've checked the serial numbers of the drives on the SeaGate website and it does not report any firmware updates currently available (currently on SN03).
I've included the SMART data report and openSeaChest_Info --showPhyEvents output for one of the drives at the end of this issue.
I was wondering if it might be possible to reach out to someone internally at Seagate that would know if there is a known incompatibility / firmware bug that might cause this. I've reached out to support via the Seagate website (Case No. 12871167), but they weren't able to help due to the drives not being connected to either a Windows or Mac machine.
Also of note is the similarity with this other open issue - #162.
SMART data from one of the drives:
# smartctl -x /dev/sdb
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.11.0-9-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, [www.smartmontools.org](http://www.smartmontools.org/)
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Exos X16
Device Model: ST16000NM001G-2KK103
Serial Number: <redacted>
LU WWN Device Id: <redacted>
Firmware Version: SN03
User Capacity: 16,000,900,661,248 bytes [16.0 TB]
Sector Size: 4096 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database 7.3/5528
ATA Version is: ACS-4 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.3, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed Nov 6 17:44:46 2024 GMT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
AAM feature is: Unavailable
APM feature is: Unavailable
Rd look-ahead is: Enabled
Write cache is: Enabled
DSN feature is: Disabled
ATA Security is: Disabled, NOT FROZEN [SEC1]
Write SCT (Get) Feature Control Command failed: Connection timed out
Wt Cache Reorder: Unknown (SCT Feature Control command failed)
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 1034) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: (1405) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x70bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-- 083 066 044 - 27546809
3 Spin_Up_Time PO---- 090 090 000 - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 020 - 12
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 100 100 010 - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate POSR-- 079 061 045 - 77717647
9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 100 100 000 - 303
10 Spin_Retry_Count PO--C- 100 100 097 - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 020 - 12
18 Head_Health PO-R-- 100 100 050 - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
188 Command_Timeout -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel -O---K 072 055 040 - 28 (Min/Max 26/28)
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 4
193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 24
194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 028 045 000 - 28 (0 23 0 0 0)
197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--C- 100 100 000 - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----C- 100 100 000 - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -OSRCK 200 200 000 - 0
200 Pressure_Limit PO---K 100 100 001 - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours ------ 100 253 000 - 301h+21m+44.005s
241 Total_LBAs_Written ------ 100 253 000 - 15986802296
242 Total_LBAs_Read ------ 100 253 000 - 15632576162
||||||_ K auto-keep
|||||__ C event count
||||___ R error rate
|||____ S speed/performance
||_____ O updated online
|______ P prefailure warning
General Purpose Log Directory Version 1
SMART Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support]
Address Access R/W Size Description
0x00 GPL,SL R/O 1 Log Directory
0x01 SL R/O 1 Summary SMART error log
0x02 SL R/O 5 Comprehensive SMART error log
0x03 GPL R/O 5 Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log
0x04 GPL R/O 256 Device Statistics log
0x04 SL R/O 8 Device Statistics log
0x06 SL R/O 1 SMART self-test log
0x07 GPL R/O 1 Extended self-test log
0x08 GPL R/O 2 Power Conditions log
0x09 SL R/W 1 Selective self-test log
0x0a GPL R/W 8 Device Statistics Notification
0x0c GPL R/O 2048 Pending Defects log
0x10 GPL R/O 1 NCQ Command Error log
0x11 GPL R/O 1 SATA Phy Event Counters log
0x13 GPL R/O 1 SATA NCQ Send and Receive log
0x21 GPL R/O 1 Write stream error log
0x22 GPL R/O 1 Read stream error log
0x24 GPL R/O 768 Current Device Internal Status Data log
0x2f GPL R/O 1 Set Sector Configuration
0x30 GPL,SL R/O 9 IDENTIFY DEVICE data log
0x80-0x9f GPL,SL R/W 16 Host vendor specific log
0xa1 GPL,SL VS 160 Device vendor specific log
0xa2 GPL VS 16320 Device vendor specific log
0xa4 GPL,SL VS 160 Device vendor specific log
0xa6 GPL VS 192 Device vendor specific log
0xa8-0xa9 GPL,SL VS 136 Device vendor specific log
0xab GPL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xad GPL VS 16 Device vendor specific log
0xbe-0xbf GPL VS 65535 Device vendor specific log
0xc1 GPL,SL VS 8 Device vendor specific log
0xc3 GPL,SL VS 56 Device vendor specific log
0xc7 GPL,SL VS 8 Device vendor specific log
0xc9 GPL,SL VS 8 Device vendor specific log
0xca GPL,SL VS 16 Device vendor specific log
0xcd GPL,SL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xce GPL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xcf GPL VS 512 Device vendor specific log
0xd1 GPL VS 656 Device vendor specific log
0xd2 GPL VS 10000 Device vendor specific log
0xd4 GPL VS 2048 Device vendor specific log
0xda GPL,SL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xe0 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Command/Status
0xe1 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Data Transfer
0xe2 GPL,SL - 160 Reserved
SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (5 sectors)
No Errors Logged
SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 189 -
# 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 1 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
SCT Status Version: 3
SCT Version (vendor specific): 522 (0x020a)
Device State: Active (0)
Current Temperature: 28 Celsius
Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature: 25/28 Celsius
Lifetime Min/Max Temperature: 22/45 Celsius
Under/Over Temperature Limit Count: 0/0
SMART Status: 0xc24f (PASSED)
Vendor specific:
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
SCT Temperature History Version: 2
Temperature Sampling Period: 4 minutes
Temperature Logging Interval: 59 minutes
Min/Max recommended Temperature: 10/40 Celsius
Min/Max Temperature Limit: 5/60 Celsius
Temperature History Size (Index): 128 (59)
Index Estimated Time Temperature Celsius
60 2024-11-01 12:48 40 *********************
61 2024-11-01 13:47 40 *********************
62 2024-11-01 14:46 40 *********************
63 2024-11-01 15:45 39 ********************
64 2024-11-01 16:44 38 *******************
65 2024-11-01 17:43 34 ***************
66 2024-11-01 18:42 35 ****************
67 2024-11-01 19:41 34 ***************
68 2024-11-01 20:40 35 ****************
69 2024-11-01 21:39 35 ****************
70 2024-11-01 22:38 34 ***************
71 2024-11-01 23:37 34 ***************
72 2024-11-02 00:36 35 ****************
73 2024-11-02 01:35 34 ***************
74 2024-11-02 02:34 34 ***************
75 2024-11-02 03:33 34 ***************
76 2024-11-02 04:32 35 ****************
77 2024-11-02 05:31 35 ****************
78 2024-11-02 06:30 34 ***************
79 2024-11-02 07:29 35 ****************
... ..( 9 skipped). .. ****************
89 2024-11-02 17:19 35 ****************
90 2024-11-02 18:18 36 *****************
91 2024-11-02 19:17 36 *****************
92 2024-11-02 20:16 37 ******************
93 2024-11-02 21:15 37 ******************
94 2024-11-02 22:14 35 ****************
95 2024-11-02 23:13 35 ****************
96 2024-11-03 00:12 35 ****************
97 2024-11-03 01:11 34 ***************
... ..( 3 skipped). .. ***************
101 2024-11-03 05:07 34 ***************
102 2024-11-03 06:06 32 *************
103 2024-11-03 07:05 34 ***************
104 2024-11-03 08:04 35 ****************
... ..( 4 skipped). .. ****************
109 2024-11-03 12:59 35 ****************
110 2024-11-03 13:58 34 ***************
111 2024-11-03 14:57 35 ****************
... ..( 11 skipped). .. ****************
123 2024-11-04 02:45 35 ****************
124 2024-11-04 03:44 34 ***************
... ..( 12 skipped). .. ***************
9 2024-11-04 16:31 34 ***************
10 2024-11-04 17:30 33 **************
... ..( 18 skipped). .. **************
29 2024-11-05 12:11 33 **************
30 2024-11-05 13:10 34 ***************
31 2024-11-05 14:09 34 ***************
32 2024-11-05 15:08 34 ***************
33 2024-11-05 16:07 33 **************
34 2024-11-05 17:06 33 **************
35 2024-11-05 18:05 ? -
36 2024-11-05 19:04 22 ***
37 2024-11-05 20:03 ? -
38 2024-11-05 21:02 25 ******
39 2024-11-05 22:01 ? -
40 2024-11-05 23:00 38 *******************
41 2024-11-05 23:59 ? -
42 2024-11-06 00:58 23 ****
43 2024-11-06 01:57 ? -
44 2024-11-06 02:56 25 ******
45 2024-11-06 03:55 41 **********************
46 2024-11-06 04:54 44 *************************
47 2024-11-06 05:53 42 ***********************
48 2024-11-06 06:52 42 ***********************
49 2024-11-06 07:51 41 **********************
... ..( 6 skipped). .. **********************
56 2024-11-06 14:44 41 **********************
57 2024-11-06 15:43 42 ***********************
58 2024-11-06 16:42 ? -
59 2024-11-06 17:41 25 ******
SCT Error Recovery Control:
Read: 100 (10.0 seconds)
Write: 100 (10.0 seconds)
Device Statistics (GP Log 0x04)
Page Offset Size Value Flags Description
0x01 ===== = = === == General Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x01 0x008 4 12 --- Lifetime Power-On Resets
0x01 0x010 4 303 --- Power-on Hours
0x01 0x018 6 15986802296 --- Logical Sectors Written
0x01 0x020 6 123648233 --- Number of Write Commands
0x01 0x028 6 15632570641 --- Logical Sectors Read
0x01 0x030 6 122291431 --- Number of Read Commands
0x01 0x038 6 - --- Date and Time TimeStamp
0x03 ===== = = === == Rotating Media Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x03 0x008 4 302 --- Spindle Motor Power-on Hours
0x03 0x010 4 300 --- Head Flying Hours
0x03 0x018 4 24 --- Head Load Events
0x03 0x020 4 0 --- Number of Reallocated Logical Sectors
0x03 0x028 4 0 --- Read Recovery Attempts
0x03 0x030 4 0 --- Number of Mechanical Start Failures
0x03 0x038 4 0 --- Number of Realloc. Candidate Logical Sectors
0x03 0x040 4 4 --- Number of High Priority Unload Events
0x04 ===== = = === == General Errors Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x04 0x008 4 0 --- Number of Reported Uncorrectable Errors
0x04 0x010 4 0 --- Resets Between Cmd Acceptance and Completion
0x04 0x018 4 0 -D- Physical Element Status Changed
0x05 ===== = = === == Temperature Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x05 0x008 1 28 --- Current Temperature
0x05 0x010 1 36 --- Average Short Term Temperature
0x05 0x018 1 - --- Average Long Term Temperature
0x05 0x020 1 45 --- Highest Temperature
0x05 0x028 1 27 --- Lowest Temperature
0x05 0x030 1 40 --- Highest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05 0x038 1 33 --- Lowest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05 0x040 1 - --- Highest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05 0x048 1 - --- Lowest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05 0x050 4 0 --- Time in Over-Temperature
0x05 0x058 1 60 --- Specified Maximum Operating Temperature
0x05 0x060 4 0 --- Time in Under-Temperature
0x05 0x068 1 5 --- Specified Minimum Operating Temperature
0x06 ===== = = === == Transport Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x06 0x008 4 30 --- Number of Hardware Resets
0x06 0x010 4 4 --- Number of ASR Events
0x06 0x018 4 0 --- Number of Interface CRC Errors
0xff ===== = = === == Vendor Specific Statistics (rev 1) ==
0xff 0x008 7 0 --- Vendor Specific
0xff 0x010 7 0 --- Vendor Specific
0xff 0x018 7 0 --- Vendor Specific
|||_ C monitored condition met
||__ D supports DSN
|___ N normalized value
Pending Defects log (GP Log 0x0c)
No Defects Logged
SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)
ID Size Value Description
0x000a 2 1 Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET
0x0001 2 0 Command failed due to ICRC error
0x0003 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS
0x0004 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS
0x0006 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS
0x0007 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS
openSeaChest_Info --showPhyEvents for the same drive as the above SMART data:
# openSeaChest_Info --showPhyEvents -d /dev/sg1
==========================================================================================
openSeaChest_Info - openSeaChest drive utilities - NVMe Enabled
Copyright (c) 2014-2024 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights Reserved
openSeaChest_Info Version: 2.7.0-8_0_1 X86_64
Build Date: Sep 25 2024
Today: 20241106T174542 User: root
==========================================================================================
/dev/sg1 - ST16000NM001G-2KK103 - <redacted> - SN03 - ATA
====SATA Phy Event Counters====
V = Vendor Unique event tracker
M = Counter maximum value reached
D2H = Device to Host
H2D = Host to Device
ID Value Description
10 1 H2D FISes sent due to COMRESET
1 0 Command failed with iCRC error
3 0 R_ERR response for D2H data FIS
4 0 R_ERR response for H2D data FIS
6 0 R_ERR response for D2H non-data FIS
7 0 R_ERR response for H2D non-data FIS