Newlang

Syntax

All statements must be followed by ;. Statements are assignments, expressions, returns, empty, or loops.

Assignment

x = 3;

If

x = if (y == null) 3 else 4;
x = if (y == null) {
    print("y is null");
    3;
} else {
    print("y is not null");
    4;
};
x = if (y == null) { y = init(); y; }

For

for (i = 0; i != 5; i = i + 1) {
    print(i);
}

Types

Null

Literal: null.

Integer

Literal: 123 (decimal) / 0xbeef (hex)

Float

Literal: 0.123

String

Literal: "abc\ndef\tgh"

Function

function (a, b, c) { return a + b + c; }

Todo

List

[1, 2, "hi", 4, 5]

Get an element using the [] operator.

Operator

Support <, >, <=, >=, &, |, [].

Operator	Call fun if on objects
`<`, `>`, `<=`, `>=`, `==`, `!=`	`Class.__cmp(x, y)`
`&&`	`Class.__land(x, y)`
`
`!`	`Class.__lnot(x)`
`+`	`Class.__plus(x, y)`, `Class.__uplus(x)`
`&`	`Class.__band(x, y)`
`[]`, `[]=`	`Class.__get(k)` , `Class.__set(k, v)`

Class

class C {
    x = 5;
    f = function(this) { this.y = 6; };
};

Classes are also objects. Usage: C["x"] or C.x (equivalent).

The above class is equivalent to the object

{
    "__type": "class",
    "__classname": "C",
    "x": 5,
    "f": function (this) { this.y = 6; }
}

Instantialization

Use builtin function new(class).

c = new(C);

new will call the __new(this) function defined in the class object. new(class) basically returns an object of the form

{
    "__type": class.__classname
}

Inheritance

Only supports single inheritance. The inherited class is defined in the class object with the __superclass field.

{
    "__type": "class",
    "__classname": "Dog",
    "__superclass": "Animal"
}

Hashtable, a.k.a. object

h = {"x": 5, "y": 6};
o = {
    "__type": "AClass",
    "instancevar": 123
};

If a hashtable is used as a hashtable, it's just like above.

If a hashtable is used as an object, it has to have a __type field. If it is used as an class object, it has to have a __classname field. Any lookup on an object will first lookup through the inheritance stack (using __type).

Shimogawa/newlang