Bare-metal report and QEMU CI runs

Question

Bare-metal report and QEMU CI runs

Closed this issue 2 years ago · 5 comments

This is more of a report/question than an issue.

I finally put some of Math/Multiprecision on a bare-metal micro. I did this in real-time and also made a little repo with CI runs on QEMU. See also my repo boost_math_test_qemu.

This is an AWESOME!!! result so far on 1.81. All the modest things that I tested with my little tests on the metal - both in real-time as well as on QEMU - run perfectly. They also run out-of-the-box on 1.81 standalone with no modifications needed for the metal.

We had never achieved this until 1.81.

Code size is a bit of an issue that I'd like to discuss.
QEMU runs in CI require an embedded compiler, Python, GDB and QEMU placing yet additional requirements on CI.

Anyway I'd like to discuss this year:

Could we reduce code footprint even further?
Any interest in getting some rudimentary QEMU CI runs?

Thoughts?

Cc: @jzmaddock and @mborland and @NAThompson

Answer 1 · 2022-12-27T12:18:05.000Z

Could we reduce code footprint even further?

Possibly, it depends what the issues are, but we should certainly look into that. I'm not surprised that the multiprecision calculations have a big footprint though.

Any interest in getting some rudimentary QEMU CI runs?

Possibly, depends a bit how much CI time they soak up?

Just out of curiosity, are there real world use cases for this beyond "wow this is cool?", I only ask because I know next to nothing about embedded bare metal software!

Answer 2 · 2022-12-27T13:36:02.000Z

Any interest in getting some rudimentary QEMU CI runs?

I attempted to add non-x86 platforms here: #868. I need to parse through it more, and make it actually function.

Answer 3 · 2022-12-27T16:48:38.000Z

Could we reduce code footprint even further?

Possibly, it depends what the issues are, but we should certainly look into that.

At the moment, there is definitely a reduction in I/O streaming and exceptions compared to what we were seeing two years ago.

Even though I compile with -fno-rtti, I detect some things looking like throw and/or stream-unwinding in the object file(s). I am not, however, sure if these come from Boost.Math itself or from the STD-library's <string> header. I did some investigating today and was not able to entirely solve the mystery. It's really not bad though because ARM's compiler has nono-newlib at its availability so that keeps things small.

I would, however, find out who or what pulls in file-I/O handling in the object code.

In this log, I find such functions:

emu_env/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -v

Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=emu_env/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/home/runner/work/boost_math_test_qemu/boost_math_test_qemu/emu_env/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/10.3.1/lto-wrapper
Target: arm-none-eabi
Configured with: /mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/src/gcc/configure --target=arm-none-eabi --prefix=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-native --libexecdir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-native/lib --infodir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-native/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/info --mandir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-native/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/man --htmldir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-native/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/html --pdfdir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-native/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/pdf --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-plugins --disable-decimal-float --disable-libffi --disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap --disable-libquadmath --disable-libssp --disable-libstdcxx-pch --disable-nls --disable-shared --disable-threads --disable-tls --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --with-newlib --with-headers=yes --with-python-dir=share/gcc-arm-none-eabi --with-sysroot=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-native/arm-none-eabi --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-gmp=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-native/host-libs/usr --with-mpfr=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-native/host-libs/usr --with-mpc=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-native/host-libs/usr --with-isl=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-native/host-libs/usr --with-libelf=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-native/host-libs/usr --with-host-libstdcxx='-static-libgcc -Wl,-Bstatic,-lstdc++,-Bdynamic -lm' --with-pkgversion='GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain 10.3-2021.10' --with-multilib-list=rmprofile,aprofile
Thread model: single
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc version 10.3.1 20210824 (release) (GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain 10.3-2021.10) 
Compile project ./bin/boost_math_test_qemu.elf

Memory region         Used Size  Region Size  %age Used
             ROM:       54756 B       512 KB     10.44%
             RAM:         188 B       112 KB      0.16%
Create project objects and names

Verify project objects and names

-rwxr-xr-x 1 runner docker 458256 Dec 27 11:49 ./bin/boost_math_test_qemu.elf
-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 154062 Dec 27 11:49 ./bin/boost_math_test_qemu.hex
-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 274436 Dec 27 11:49 ./bin/boost_math_test_qemu.map
-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker  27596 Dec 27 11:49 ./bin/boost_math_test_qemu_cppfilt.txt

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Answer 4 · 2022-12-27T16:56:14.000Z

out of curiosity, are there real world use cases for this beyond "wow this is cool?"

I have a subjective opinion on this. Yes.

Sure we don't find a lot of microcontroller folks demanding better Laguerre polynomials and fancy root-finding, but there are quite a few areas of interest.

Many developers are definitely putting more and more mathematical analyses into small embedded devices. Since these have FPUs now more and more often, the hit of special functioins is realy not that high. Fields like navigation, dynamic behavior detection of any kinds of applications using/analyzing anything wave-like such as ocean currents, etc. need those specfuns.

For large integral calculations, there is high interest in (of course) cryptography (ECC implemented in native big-ints uses large unsigned integers), and rational approximations needing larger integral values often arise. Fixed-point implementations having more than just a few digits need backend large integers beyond 64-bit.

So if we can get rid of streaming and file I/O that has crept in somehow, we can cut out a few tens of kilobytes of code for specfun. That yould be a good start since a few tens of kilobytes are quite a lot on the metal, even if you link with nano-specs.

Answer 5 · 2023-01-30T20:33:55.000Z

Everything works at the moment. Anything like optionally investingating reducing code-size-footprint can be handled optionally in future issues if interest ever arises.