XDomain

Summary

A pure JavaScript CORS alternative. No server configuration required - just add a proxy.html on the domain you wish to communicate with. This library utilizes XHook to hook all XHR, so XDomain will work seamlessly with any library.

Features

Simple
Library Agnostic
- With jQuery $.ajax (and subsequently $.get, $.post)
- With Angular $http service
Cross domain XHR just magically works
- No need to modify the server code
- No need to use IE's silly XDomainRequest Object
Easy XHR access to file servers:
- Amazon
- Dropbox
Includes XHook and its features
proxy.html files (slaves) may:
- White-list domains
- White-list paths using regular expressions (e.g. only allow API calls: /^\/api/)
Highly performant
Seamless integration with FormData
Supports RequiresJS and Browserify

Download

Development xdomain.js 27KB
Production xdomain.min.js 12KB (5.16KB Gzip)

CDN

Latest version is 0.7.3, though you can change to any release tag

<script src="//cdn.rawgit.com/jpillora/xdomain/0.7.3/dist/xdomain.min.js"></script>

Live Demos

Browser Support

All except IE6/7 as they don't have postMessage

Quick Usage

Note: It's important to include XDomain before any other library. When XDomain loads, XHook replaces the current window.XMLHttpRequest. So if another library saves a reference to the original window.XMLHttpRequest and uses that, XHook won't be able to intercept those requests.

On your slave domain (http://xyz.example.com), create a small proxy.html file:

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<script src="//cdn.rawgit.com/jpillora/xdomain/0.7.3/dist/xdomain.min.js" master="http://abc.example.com"></script>

Then, on your master domain (http://abc.example.com), point to your new proxy.html:

<script src="//cdn.rawgit.com/jpillora/xdomain/0.7.3/dist/xdomain.min.js" slave="http://xyz.example.com/proxy.html"></script>

And that's it! Now, on your master domain, any XHR to http://xyz.example.com will automagically work:

//do some vanilla XHR
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', 'http://xyz.example.com/secret/file.txt');
xhr.onreadystatechange = function(e) {
  if(xhr.readyState === 4)
    console.log("got result: ", xhr.responseText);
};
xhr.send();

//or if we are using jQuery...
$.get('http://xyz.example.com/secret/file.txt').done(function(data) {
  console.log("got result: ", data);
});

Tip: If you enjoy being standards compliant, you can also use data-master and data-slave attributes.

Using multiple masters and slaves

The following two snippets are equivalent:

<script src="//cdn.rawgit.com/jpillora/xdomain/0.7.3/dist/xdomain.min.js" master="http://abc.example.com/api/*"></script>

<script src="//cdn.rawgit.com/jpillora/xdomain/0.7.3/dist/xdomain.min.js"></script>
<script>
xdomain.masters({
  'http://abc.example.com': '/api/*'
});
</script>

So, we can then add more masters or (slaves) by simply including them in the object, see API below.

API

`xdomain.slaves`(`slaves`)

Will initialize as a master

Each of the slaves must be defined as: origin: proxy file

The slaves object is used as a list slaves to force one proxy file per origin.

The Quick Usage step 2 above is equivalent to:

<script src="//cdn.rawgit.com/jpillora/xdomain/0.7.3/dist/xdomain.min.js"></script>
<script>
  xdomain.slaves({
    "http://xyz.example.com": "/proxy.html"
  });
</script>

`xdomain.masters`(`masters`)

Will initialize as a slave

Each of the masters must be defined as: origin: path

origin and path are converted to a regular expression by escaping all non-alphanumeric chars, then converting * into .* and finally wrapping it with ^ and $. path can also be a RegExp literal.

Requests that do not match both the origin and the path regular expressions will be blocked.

So you could use the following proxy.html to allow all subdomains of example.com:

<script src="/dist/xdomain.min.js" data-master="http://*.example.com/api/*.json"></script>

Which is equivalent to:

<script src="/dist/xdomain.min.js"></script>
<script>
  xdomain.masters({
    "http://*.example.com": "/api/*.json"
  });
</script>

Where "/api/*.json" becomes the RegExp /^\/api\/.*\.json$/

Therefore, you could allow ALL domains with the following proxy.html:

<!-- BEWARE: VERY INSECURE -->
<script src="/dist/xdomain.min.js" master="*"></script>

`xdomain.debug` = `false`

When true, XDomain will log actions to console

`xdomain.timeout` = `15e3`ms (15 seconds)

Number of milliseconds until XDomains gives up waiting for an iframe to respond

`xdomain.on`(`event`, `handler`)

event may be log, warn or timeout. When listening for log and warn events, handler with contain the message as the first parameter. The timeout event fires when an iframe exeeds the xdomain.timeout time limit.

`xdomain.cookies`

When withCredentials is set to true for a given request, the cookies of the master and slave are sent to the server using these names. If one is set to null, it will not be sent.

//defaults
xdomain.cookies = {
  master: "Master-Cookie"
  slave: "Slave-Cookie"
};

Note, if you use "Cookie" as your cookie name, it will be removed by browsers with Disable 3rd Party Cookies switched on - this includes all Safari users and many others who purposefully enable it.

Conceptual Overview

XDomain will create an iframe on the master to the slave's proxy.
Master will communicate to slave iframe using postMessage.
Slave will create XHRs on behalf of master then return the results.

XHR interception is done seamlessly via XHook.

Internet Explorer

Use the HTML5 document type <!DOCTYPE HTML> to prevent your page from going into quirks mode. If you don't do this, XDomain will warn you about the missing JSON and/or postMessage globals and will exit.

If you need a CORS Polyfill and you're here because of IE, give this XHook CORS polyfill a try, however, be mindful of the restrictions listed above.

FAQ / Troubleshooting

Q: But I love CORS

A: You shouldn't. You should use XDomain because:

IE uses a different API (XDomainRequest) for CORS, XDomain normalizes this silliness. XDomainRequest also has many restrictions:
- Requests must be GET or POST
- Requests must use the same protocol as the page http -> http
- Requests only emit progress,timeout and error
- Requests may only use the Content-Type header
The CORS spec is not as simple as it seems, XDomain allows you to use plain XHR instead.
On a RESTful JSON API server, CORS will generate superfluous traffic by sending a preflight OPTIONS request preceding various types of requests.
Not everyone is able to modify HTTP headers on the server, but most can upload a proxy.html file.

Google also uses iframes as postMessage proxies instead of CORS in its Google API JS SDK:

<iframe name="oauth2relay564752183" id="oauth2relay564752183"
src="https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/postmessageRelay?..."> </iframe>

Q: XDomain is interfering with another library!

A: XDomain attempts to perfectly implement XMLHttpRequest2 so there should be no differences. If there is a difference, create an issue. Note however, one purposeful difference affects some libraries under IE. Many use the presence of 'withCredentials' in new XMLHttpRequest() to determine if the browser supports CORS.

The most notable library that does this is jQuery, so XHook purposefully defines withCredentials to trick jQuery into thinking the browser supports CORS, thereby allowing XDomain to function seamlessly in IE. However, this fix is detrimental to other libraries like: MixPanel, FB SDK, Intercom as they will incorrectly attempt CORS on domains which don't have a proxy.html. So, if you are using any of these libraries which implement their own CORS workarounds, you can do the following to manually disable defining withCredentials and manually reenable CORS on jQuery:

//fix trackers
xhook.addWithCredentials = false;
//fix jquery cors
jQuery.support.cors = true;

Note: In newer browsers xhook.addWithCredentials has no effect as they already support withCredentials.

Q: XDomain works for a few requests and then it stops.

A: Most likely, the slave iframe was removed - this is often due to libraries like Turbolinks

Q: In IE, I'm getting an Access Denied error

A: This is error occurs when IE attempts a CORS request. Read on.

Q: The browser is still sending CORS requests.

A: Double check your slaves configuration against the examples. If your slaves configuration is correct, double-check that you're including XDomain before window.XMLHttpRequest is referenced anywhere. The safest way to fix it is to include XDomain first, it has no dependencies, it only modifies window.XMLHttpRequest.

Q: The script is loads but the 'Quick Start' steps don't work

A: XDomain only searches the script tags for master and slave attributes if they have xdomain in the src. So, if you've renamed or embedded XDomain, you'll need to use the API in order to insert your masters and slaves.

Q: It's still not working!

A: Enable xdomain.debug = true; (or add a debug="true" attribute to the script tag) on both the master and the slave and copy the console.logs to a new issue. If possible, please a live example demonstrating the issue.

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING for instructions on how to build and run XDomain locally.

Donate

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MIT License

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

jklmli/xdomain