daru - Data Analysis in RUby

Introduction

daru (Data Analysis in RUby) is a library for storage, analysis, manipulation and visualization of data in Ruby.

daru makes it easy and intuitive to process data predominantly through 2 data structures: Daru::DataFrame and Daru::Vector. Written in pure Ruby works with all ruby implementations. Tested with MRI 2.0, 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3.

Features

Data structures:
- Vector - A basic 1-D vector.
- DataFrame - A 2-D spreadsheet-like structure for manipulating and storing data sets. This is daru's primary data structure.
Compatible with IRuby notebook, statsample, statsample-glm and statsample-timeseries.
Support for time series.
Singly and hierarchically indexed data structures.
Flexible and intuitive API for manipulation and analysis of data.
Easy plotting, statistics and arithmetic.
Plentiful iterators.
Optional speed and space optimization on MRI with NMatrix and GSL.
Easy splitting, aggregation and grouping of data.
Quickly reducing data with pivot tables for quick data summary.
Import and export data from and to Excel, CSV, SQL Databases, ActiveRecord and plain text files.

Notebooks

Notebooks on most use cases

Visualization

Notebooks on Time series

Notebooks on Indexing

Case Studies

Blog Posts

Time series

Categorical Data

Basic Usage

daru exposes two major data structures: DataFrame and Vector. The Vector is a basic 1-D structure corresponding to a labelled Array, while the DataFrame - daru's primary data structure - is 2-D spreadsheet-like structure for manipulating and storing data sets.

Basic DataFrame intitialization.

data_frame = Daru::DataFrame.new(
  {
    'Beer' => ['Kingfisher', 'Snow', 'Bud Light', 'Tiger Beer', 'Budweiser'],
    'Gallons sold' => [500, 400, 450, 200, 250]
  },
  index: ['India', 'China', 'USA', 'Malaysia', 'Canada']
)
data_frame

Load data from CSV files.

df = Daru::DataFrame.from_csv('TradeoffData.csv')

Basic Data Manipulation

Selecting rows.

data_frame.row['USA']

Selecting columns.

data_frame['Beer']

A range of rows.

data_frame.row['India'..'USA']

The first 2 rows.

data_frame.first(2)

The last 2 rows.

data_frame.last(2)

Adding a new column.

data_frame['Gallons produced'] = [550, 500, 600, 210, 240]

Creating a new column based on data in other columns.

data_frame['Demand supply gap'] = data_frame['Gallons produced'] - data_frame['Gallons sold']

Condition based selection

Selecting countries based on the number of gallons sold in each. We use a syntax similar to that defined by Arel, i.e. by using the where clause.

data_frame.where(data_frame['Gallons sold'].lt(300))

You can pass a combination of boolean operations into the #where method and it should work fine:

data_frame.where(
  data_frame['Beer']
  .in(['Snow', 'Kingfisher','Tiger Beer'])
  .and(
    data_frame['Gallons produced'].gt(520).or(data_frame['Gallons produced'].lt(250))
  )
)

Plotting

Daru supports plotting of interactive graphs with nyaplot. You can easily create a plot with the #plot method. Here we plot the gallons sold on the Y axis and name of the brand on the X axis in a bar graph.

data_frame.plot type: :bar, x: 'Beer', y: 'Gallons sold' do |plot, diagram|
  plot.x_label "Beer"
  plot.y_label "Gallons Sold"
  plot.yrange [0,600]
  plot.width 500
  plot.height 400
end

In addition to nyaplot, daru also supports plotting out of the box with gnuplotrb.

Documentation

Docs can be found here.

Contributing

Pick a feature from the Roadmap or the issue tracker or think of your own and send me a Pull Request!

For details see CONTRIBUTING.

Acknowledgements

Google and the Ruby Science Foundation for the Google Summer of Code 2016 grant for speed enhancements and implementation of support for categorical data. Special thanks to @lokeshh, @zverok and @agisga for their efforts.
Google and the Ruby Science Foundation for the Google Summer of Code 2015 grant for further developing daru and integrating it with other ruby gems.
Thank you last.fm for making user data accessible to the public.

mezbahalam/daru