Test round-trip of precompiled gems

[mudge]

From @flavorjones:

I would recommend round-trip tests for the precompiled gems:

• for each architecture:
  • build a precompiled gem (e.g. https://github.com/flavorjones/ruby-c-extensions-explained/blob/main/.github/workflows/precompiled.yml#L161)
  • for each supported ruby version
    • install the gem and run tests against it (preferably the entire suite) (e.g. https://github.com/flavorjones/ruby-c-extensions-explained/blob/main/.github/workflows/precompiled.yml#L191)
• also include musl target systems for the linux builds to make sure you won't get bitten by any glibc/musl incompatibilities.

[stanhu]

#76 is getting close to working, but there are a few Windows failures:

1. Some of the jobs (such as https://github.com/mudge/re2/actions/runs/5572656906/jobs/10178996692) are failing because the abseil path exceeds 240 characters. Perhaps we can fix this by telling mini_portile2 to use a different temp directory?
2. Windows 2022 builds (such as https://github.com/mudge/re2/actions/runs/5572656906/jobs/10178936082) are failing in the linker due to missing abseil symbols. I'm not sure yet why it works fine on my own Windows 2022 machine. Windows 2019 builds are working fine.

[stanhu]

It seems the Windows 2022 link order may be a problem with pkgconf, which is used with MSYS2: pkgconf/pkgconf#268

I think I reproduced the issue by using MSYS2. The ordering below is incorrect:

$ PKG_CONFIG_PATH=.:../abseil-cpp-20230125.3/build/lib/pkgconfig pkg-config --libs --static re2
-L/usr/local/lib -labsl_flags -labsl_spinlock_wait -labsl_flags_internal -labsl_flags_reflection -labsl_bad_optional_access -labsl_strings_internal -labsl_flags_program_name -labsl_graphcycles_internal -labsl_symbolize -labsl_civil_time -labsl_time_zone -labsl_demangle_internal -labsl_flags_marshalling -labsl_str_format_internal -labsl_flags_private_handle_accessor -labsl_cord -labsl_hash -labsl_crc32c -labsl_crc_internal -labsl_cordz_handle -labsl_city -labsl_low_level_hash -labsl_bad_variant_access -labsl_hashtablez_sampler -pthread -Llib@ -lre2 -labsl_raw_hash_set -labsl_cordz_functions -labsl_exponential_biased -labsl_debugging_internal -labsl_stacktrace -labsl_crc_cpu_detect -labsl_cordz_info -labsl_time -labsl_crc_cord_state -labsl_cord_internal -labsl_malloc_internal -labsl_log_severity -labsl_flags_commandlineflag_internal -labsl_flags_config -labsl_flags_commandlineflag -labsl_int128 -labsl_throw_delegate -labsl_synchronization -lrt -labsl_base -labsl_strings -labsl_raw_logging_internal