Failed to deploy an offline node

[A1ca7raz]

I have a homelab server by colmena. It connects directly to my laptop but has no access to the Internet because my laptop does not forward the network, and I don't want to connect my server to the Internet.
I attempted to deploy my server by colmena, but failed.

This is my nixos config

I ran colmena apply switch --on snailbox --show-trace -v and this is the log

warning: Git tree '/home/nomad/Workspace/flamework' is dirty
[INFO ] Using flake: git+file:///home/nomad/Workspace/flamework
[INFO ] Enumerating nodes...
[INFO ] Selected 1 out of 3 hosts.
snailbox | Evaluating snailbox
snailbox | Evaluated snailbox
snailbox | Building snailbox
snailbox | /nix/store/v87929mb7kq1a0kwhd8gln6sm0dkivab-nixos-system-oxygenbox-24.05pre-git
snailbox | Built "/nix/store/v87929mb7kq1a0kwhd8gln6sm0dkivab-nixos-system-oxygenbox-24.05pre-git"
snailbox | Pushing system closure
warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/2558h50j3yfd7wadsf4yh1xln3vq4v3d.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 252 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/491bf2cpj5cdq9mvycbhv54ky77i52wk.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 310 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/8s8i37kcjijvgidjifmqsi8mjcl0p2yz.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 347 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/bv5wilrd5sg2iiqx7v3m0zk54cwc25ja.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 302 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/czhyh9bhg89ww262d866q2y2qn6v8pqw.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 286 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/f94bnkgk7qil8jx5rjx8gnf9fvvhnix1.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 335 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/v87929mb7kq1a0kwhd8gln6sm0dkivab.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 307 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/xfaax7wpx47bxabhaykn2158n71g4xbr.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 253 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/2558h50j3yfd7wadsf4yh1xln3vq4v3d.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 501 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/xfaax7wpx47bxabhaykn2158n71g4xbr.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 640 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/czhyh9bhg89ww262d866q2y2qn6v8pqw.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 574 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/bv5wilrd5sg2iiqx7v3m0zk54cwc25ja.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 530 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/491bf2cpj5cdq9mvycbhv54ky77i52wk.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 619 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/v87929mb7kq1a0kwhd8gln6sm0dkivab.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 585 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/f94bnkgk7qil8jx5rjx8gnf9fvvhnix1.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 672 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/8s8i37kcjijvgidjifmqsi8mjcl0p2yz.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 512 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/2558h50j3yfd7wadsf4yh1xln3vq4v3d.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1338 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/bv5wilrd5sg2iiqx7v3m0zk54cwc25ja.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1121 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/8s8i37kcjijvgidjifmqsi8mjcl0p2yz.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1042 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/czhyh9bhg89ww262d866q2y2qn6v8pqw.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1155 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/v87929mb7kq1a0kwhd8gln6sm0dkivab.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1369 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/xfaax7wpx47bxabhaykn2158n71g4xbr.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1009 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/491bf2cpj5cdq9mvycbhv54ky77i52wk.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1397 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/f94bnkgk7qil8jx5rjx8gnf9fvvhnix1.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1016 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/8s8i37kcjijvgidjifmqsi8mjcl0p2yz.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2622 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/xfaax7wpx47bxabhaykn2158n71g4xbr.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2175 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/bv5wilrd5sg2iiqx7v3m0zk54cwc25ja.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2128 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/czhyh9bhg89ww262d866q2y2qn6v8pqw.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2430 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/f94bnkgk7qil8jx5rjx8gnf9fvvhnix1.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2649 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/2558h50j3yfd7wadsf4yh1xln3vq4v3d.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2758 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/v87929mb7kq1a0kwhd8gln6sm0dkivab.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2139 ms
snailbox | warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/491bf2cpj5cdq9mvycbhv54ky77i52wk.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2763 ms
snailbox | error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/bv5wilrd5sg2iiqx7v3m0zk54cwc25ja.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6)
snailbox | Push failed: Child process exited with error code: 1
         | Failed: Child process exited with error code: 1
[ERROR] Failed to push system closure to snailbox - Last 20 lines of logs:
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/f94bnkgk7qil8jx5rjx8gnf9fvvhnix1.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 672 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/8s8i37kcjijvgidjifmqsi8mjcl0p2yz.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 512 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/2558h50j3yfd7wadsf4yh1xln3vq4v3d.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1338 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/bv5wilrd5sg2iiqx7v3m0zk54cwc25ja.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1121 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/8s8i37kcjijvgidjifmqsi8mjcl0p2yz.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1042 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/czhyh9bhg89ww262d866q2y2qn6v8pqw.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1155 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/v87929mb7kq1a0kwhd8gln6sm0dkivab.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1369 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/xfaax7wpx47bxabhaykn2158n71g4xbr.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1009 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/491bf2cpj5cdq9mvycbhv54ky77i52wk.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1397 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/f94bnkgk7qil8jx5rjx8gnf9fvvhnix1.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 1016 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/8s8i37kcjijvgidjifmqsi8mjcl0p2yz.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2622 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/xfaax7wpx47bxabhaykn2158n71g4xbr.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2175 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/bv5wilrd5sg2iiqx7v3m0zk54cwc25ja.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2128 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/czhyh9bhg89ww262d866q2y2qn6v8pqw.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2430 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/f94bnkgk7qil8jx5rjx8gnf9fvvhnix1.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2649 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/2558h50j3yfd7wadsf4yh1xln3vq4v3d.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2758 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/v87929mb7kq1a0kwhd8gln6sm0dkivab.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2139 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) warning: error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/491bf2cpj5cdq9mvycbhv54ky77i52wk.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6); retrying in 2763 ms
[ERROR]   stderr) error: unable to download 'https://cache.nixos.org/bv5wilrd5sg2iiqx7v3m0zk54cwc25ja.narinfo': Couldn't resolve host name (6)
[ERROR]  failure) Child process exited with error code: 1
[ERROR] Failed to complete requested operation - Last 1 lines of logs:
[ERROR]  failure) Child process exited with error code: 1
[ERROR] -----
[ERROR] Operation failed with error: Child process exited with error code: 1
Hint: Backtrace available - Use `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace

I have no idea why my server needed access to the Internet after I have built all the stuff on my laptop.

I successfully deployed my server by nixos-rebuild --flake .#snailbox switch --target-host root@<server_ip> -v.

[purepani]

I'm having a related issue where my server is connected to the internet, but for whatever reason is unable to download from cache.iog.io.

[sinavir]

Try using --no-substitute flag

[NeverBehave]

https://colmena.cli.rs/unstable/reference/cli.html?highlight=no-substitute#colmena-apply

[piegamesde]

For increased discoverability, I suggest adding an --offline alias, or maybe even some detection of the offline error with a hint.