/Soil-Monitoring-System

This project is a remote soil monitoring system powered by an STM32 microcontroller and SIM800L module, designed to measure and report multiple environmental parameters via GSM/GPRS to ThingSpeak. It’s suitable for agricultural IoT applications with solar-powered operation and future scalability.

Primary LanguageC++MIT LicenseMIT

🌱 Soil Monitoring System using STM32 and SIM800L

This project is a remote soil monitoring system powered by an STM32 microcontroller and SIM800L module, designed to measure and report multiple environmental parameters via GSM/GPRS to ThingSpeak. It’s suitable for agricultural IoT applications with solar-powered operation and future scalability.

🧰 Hardware Components

  • STM32F103C8T6 (Bluepill) – Main microcontroller
  • SIM800L – GSM/GPRS communication module
  • Soil Moisture Sensor – Analog soil humidity sensor
  • DHT22 – Air temperature and humidity sensor
  • DS18B20 – Waterproof soil temperature sensor (1-Wire)
  • Relay Module – Controls water pump
  • Solar Cell (5V output) – Renewable power source
  • 3x 18650 Li-ion Batteries (Parallel) – Rechargeable power backup
  • Auto Charging Module (1S) – Solar charge controller

✨ Features

  • 🌡️ Measure air temperature & humidity (DHT22)
  • 🌱 Monitor soil moisture & temperature (Soil Sensor + DS18B20)
  • 🔋 Monitor battery voltage via ADC (PA0)
  • 📡 Upload data to ThingSpeak via SIM800L (HTTP POST)
  • 🌞 Operates on solar energy, energy-efficient with sleep routines
  • 💧 Water pump control via relay (future development)
  • 🤖 Future upgrade: Telegram bot notifications

📂 File Overview

File Description
full_code.ino Complete integrated code for the entire monitoring and communication system
read_sensor.ino Standalone code for testing and reading each sensor module
sleep_thingspeak.ino SIM800 HTTP routine with sleep control using STM32’s internal RTC

💡 Note: Sleep functionality will not activate when USB is connected. Use battery/serial power during deployment.

🛰️ Data Visualization

Data is sent to ThingSpeak in a single HTTP POST request, updating:

  1. Air Temperature (DHT22)
  2. Air Humidity (DHT22)
  3. Soil Temperature (DS18B20)
  4. Soil Moisture
  5. Battery Voltage
  6. Pump Status (Future)

🔧 Pin Configuration Summary

Sensor / Module Pin (STM32)
DHT22 (Air Temp/Hum) PB14
DS18B20 (Soil Temp) PB12
Soil Moisture Sensor PA1
Battery Voltage (ADC) PA0
SIM800L (GSM UART) Serial1
Relay (Pump Control) Customizable

🚀 Getting Started

1. Clone This Repository

git clone https://github.com/2black0/Soil-Monitoring-System.git

2. Flash the Firmware

Use Arduino IDE with STM32duino core or PlatformIO to flash full_code.ino to your Bluepill.

3. Power Supply Setup

  • Ensure your solar cell outputs a stable 5V
  • Use proper protection circuitry for Li-ion cells

📌 Roadmap

  • Send data to ThingSpeak via SIM800L
  • Use deep sleep for power saving
  • Activate pump under low soil moisture or high temp
  • Add Telegram bot for real-time alerts

📄 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.