AWS_ec2_based_web_page

This project is a detailed instruction of how you can host your personal web site for cheapest price in 2023-2024.

For my project I'll be use folowing stack of technology:

AWS ec2 with ubuntu operating system
ElasticIPs - statick ip which won't be changed after enstanse reboot
Docker
NGINX web server which will be run in docker. It allow me for creating isolated and encapsulated components that don't share resources that allow us automatically scale them up or down in future.
www.namecheap.com for domain registration
www.cloudflare.com for encrypting my web traffic, preventing data theft and other tampering.
And of course HTML & CSS files, for web page itself. That I found in internet and customized to myself.

AWS ec2 launching

Sign in to AWS Console:
- Log in to your AWS account at https://aws.amazon.com/.
Navigate to EC2:
- In the AWS Management Console, go to the "Services" dropdown and select "EC2" under the "Compute" section.
Launch Instance:
- Click on the "Instances" link in the EC2 Dashboard and then click the "Launch Instance" button.
Choose an Amazon Machine Image (AMI):
- Select an AMI that suits your needs, Ubuntu in our case.
Choose an Instance Type:
- Choose the type of instance you want to launch. We can use any free tier eligible (t3.micro) or to purchase the cheapest configuration which will cost around 6$ per month.
Create Key Pair:
- Press create new pair key. Type name of key. Select RSA key type and .pem format for future SSH connection.
Network settings:
- Select 'Create new security group' and all chek box below: allow ssh,https,http traffic.
Add Storage:
- You can add free space, but for our purposes it's not necessarily.
Launch Instance:
- Click "Launch Instances" to start your EC2 instance.

Once launched, you can connect to your EC2 instance using SSH (for Linux instances) or Remote Desktop (for Windows instances), depending on your chosen operating system.

ElasticIPs

Navigate to EC2:
- In the AWS Management Console, go to the "Services" dropdown and select "EC2" under the "Compute" section.
Allocate an Elastic IP:
- In the EC2 Dashboard, click on "Elastic IPs" in the left navigation pane.
- Click the "Allocate Elastic IP address" button.
Allocate the Elastic IP:
- Choose "Amazon's pool of IPv4 addresses" for the Allocation ID.
- Click "Allocate."
Associate Elastic IP with EC2 Instance:
- In the Elastic IPs dashboard, select the newly created Elastic IP.
- Click "Actions" and choose "Associate Elastic IP address."
- In the dialog box, select the instance you want to associate the Elastic IP with.
- Click "Associate."
Confirm Association:
- Once associated, you should see the Elastic IP listed in the Elastic IPs dashboard with the status "associated."
Connecting to our AWS ec2 machine
- Easyest way to use windowd PowerShell and next command ssh -i D:\use_your_path_to_the_key\your_keyname.pem ubuntu@Elastic_ip which we created above.

Docker instalation and downloading NGNIX image from docker hub.

Docker instalation
- Use this link with instruction from official web site.
- Execute below command
```
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
```

By adding current user to the docker group we prevent typing sudo every time during execution docker commands.

NGNIX image and setting up

Creating default.conf file for nginx setting up

server {
    listen       80;
    listen  [::]:80;
    server_name  www.vsevolodachev.pro;

    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
    server_name www.vsevolodachev.pro;
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/certificate.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/certificate.key;
}
    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}

Creating dockerfile to build an nginx image and replacing default configuration file with created above.

FROM nginx:latest
RUN rm /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
COPY nginx_conf/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d

Important

All files that you planing to built in image must be located in the same directory where located Dockerfile defailt naming

Build the Docker image by running the following command in the directory where our Dockerfile is located

docker build -t my-nginx-image

docker run -p 8080:80 -d --restart unless-stopped -v ~/[CONTENT LOCAL PATH]:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx

  - `-d` option specifies that the container runs in detached mode: the container continues to run until stopped but does not respond to commands run on the command line.
  - `--restart` option settings for container restart `unless-stopped` always restart the container if it stops, except that when the container is stopped (manually or otherwise), it is not restarted even after Docker daemon restarts
  - `-p` option tells Docker to map the ports exposed in the container by the NGINX image (port 80) to the specified port on the Docker host.
  - `-v` by using Docker’s data volumes feature, you can create a symbolic link between your server’s filesystem and the container’s filesystem. This allows you to edit your existing web page files and add new ones into the directory.
> [!important]
> Don't forget to add port 8080 or that what you invented in inbound list of rules in AWS security group.