/python-phonenumbers

Python port of Google's libphonenumber

Primary LanguagePythonApache License 2.0Apache-2.0

phonenumbers Python Library

This is a Python port of libphonenumber, originally from http://code.google.com/p/libphonenumber/. It supports Python 2.5-2.7 and Python 3.x (in the same codebase, with no 2to3 conversion needed).

Original Java code is Copyright (C) 2009-2013 The Libphonenumber Authors

Example Usage

The main object that the library deals with is a PhoneNumber object. You can create this from a string representing a phone number using the parse function, but you also need to specify the country that the phone number is being dialled from (unless the number is in E.164 format, which is globally unique).

>>> import phonenumbers
>>> x = phonenumbers.parse("+442083661177", None)
>>> print x
Country Code: 44 National Number: 2083661177 Leading Zero: False
>>> type(x)
<class 'phonenumbers.phonenumber.PhoneNumber'>
>>> y = phonenumbers.parse("020 8366 1177", "GB")
>>> print y
Country Code: 44 National Number: 2083661177 Leading Zero: False
>>> x == y
True
>>> z = phonenumbers.parse("00 1 650 253 2222", "GB")  # as dialled from GB, not a GB number
>>> print z
Country Code: 1 National Number: 6502532222 Leading Zero(s): False

The PhoneNumber object that parse produces typically still needs to be validated, to check whether it's a possible number (e.g. it has the right number of digits) or a valid number (e.g. it's in an assigned exchange).

>>> z = phonenumbers.parse("+120012301", None)
>>> print z
Country Code: 1 National Number: 20012301 Leading Zero: False
>>> phonenumbers.is_possible_number(z)  # too few digits for USA
False
>>> phonenumbers.is_valid_number(z)
False
>>> z = phonenumbers.parse("+12001230101", None)
>>> print z
Country Code: 1 National Number: 2001230101 Leading Zero: False
>>> phonenumbers.is_possible_number(z)
True
>>> phonenumbers.is_valid_number(z)  # NPA 200 not used
False

The parse function will also fail completely (with a NumberParseException) on inputs that cannot be uniquely parsed, or that can't possibly be phone numbers.

>>> z = phonenumbers.parse("02081234567", None)  # no region, no + => unparseable
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "phonenumbers/phonenumberutil.py", line 2350, in parse
    "Missing or invalid default region.")
phonenumbers.phonenumberutil.NumberParseException: (0) Missing or invalid default region.
>>> z = phonenumbers.parse("gibberish", None)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "phonenumbers/phonenumberutil.py", line 2344, in parse
    "The string supplied did not seem to be a phone number.")
phonenumbers.phonenumberutil.NumberParseException: (1) The string supplied did not seem to be a phone number.

Once you've got a phone number, a common task is to format it in a standardized format. There are a few formats available (under PhoneNumberFormat), and the format_number function does the formatting.

>>> phonenumbers.format_number(x, phonenumbers.PhoneNumberFormat.NATIONAL)
u'020 8366 1177'
>>> phonenumbers.format_number(x, phonenumbers.PhoneNumberFormat.INTERNATIONAL)
u'+44 20 8366 1177'
>>> phonenumbers.format_number(x, phonenumbers.PhoneNumberFormat.E164)
u'+442083661177'

If your application has a UI that allows the user to type in a phone number, it's nice to get the formatting applied as the user types. The AsYouTypeFormatter object allows this.

>>> formatter = phonenumbers.AsYouTypeFormatter("US")
>>> print formatter.input_digit("6")
6
>>> print formatter.input_digit("5")
65
>>> print formatter.input_digit("0")
(650
>>> print formatter.input_digit("2")
(650) 2
>>> print formatter.input_digit("5")
(650) 25
>>> print formatter.input_digit("3")
(650) 253
>>> print formatter.input_digit("2")
650-2532
>>> print formatter.input_digit("2")
(650) 253-22
>>> print formatter.input_digit("2")
(650) 253-222
>>> print formatter.input_digit("2")
(650) 253-2222

Sometimes, you've got a larger block of text that may or may not have some phone numbers inside it. For this, the PhoneNumberMatcher object provides the relevant functionality; you can iterate over it to retrieve a sequence of PhoneNumberMatch objects. Each of these match objects holds a PhoneNumber object together with information about where the match occurred in the original string.

>>> text = "Call me at 510-748-8230 if it's before 9:30, or on 703-4800500 after 10am."
>>> for match in phonenumbers.PhoneNumberMatcher(text, "US"):
...     print match
...
PhoneNumberMatch [11,23) 510-748-8230
PhoneNumberMatch [51,62) 703-4800500
>>> for match in phonenumbers.PhoneNumberMatcher(text, "US"):
...     print phonenumbers.format_number(match.number, phonenumbers.PhoneNumberFormat.E164)
...
+15107488230
+17034800500

You might want to get some information about the location that corresponds to a phone number. The geocoder.area_description_for_number does this, when possible.

>>> from phonenumbers import geocoder
>>> ch_number = phonenumbers.parse("0431234567", "CH")
>>> print repr(geocoder.description_for_number(ch_number, "de"))
u'Z\\xfcrich'
>>> print repr(geocoder.description_for_number(ch_number, "en"))
u'Zurich'
>>> print repr(geocoder.description_for_number(ch_number, "fr"))
u'Zurich'
>>> print repr(geocoder.description_for_number(ch_number, "it"))
u'Zurigo'

For mobile numbers in some countries, you can also find out information about which carrier originally owned a phone number.

>>> from phonenumbers import carrier
>>> ro_number = phonenumbers.parse("+40721234567", "RO")
>>> print repr(carrier.name_for_number(ro_number, "en"))
u'Vodafone'

You might also be able to retrieve a list of time zone names that the number potentially belongs to.

>>> from phonenumbers import timezone
>>> gb_number = phonenumbers.parse("+447986123456", "GB")
>>> str(time_zones_for_number(gb_number))
"(u'Atlantic/Reykjavik', u'Europe/London')"

For more information about the other functionality available from the library, look in the unit tests or in the original libphonenumber project.

Memory Usage

The library includes a lot of metadata, giving a significant memory overhead. This metadata is loaded on-demand so that the memory footprint of applications that only use a subset of the library functionality is not adversely affected.

In particular:

  • The geocoding metadata (which is over 100 megabytes) is only loaded on the first use of one of the geocoding functions (geocoder.description_for_number, geocoder.description_for_valid_number or geocoder.country_name_for_number).
  • The carrier metadata is only loaded on the first use of one of the mapping functions (carrier.name_for_number or carrier.name_for_valid_number).
  • The timezone metadata is only loaded on the first use of one of the timezone functions (time_zones_for_number or time_zones_for_geographical_number).
  • The normal metadata for each region is only loaded on the first time that metadata for that region is needed.

If you need to ensure that the metadata memory use is accounted for at start of day (i.e. that a subsequent on-demand load of metadata will not cause a pause or memory exhaustion):

  • Force-load the geocoding metadata by invoking import phonenumbers.geocoder.
  • Force-load the carrier metadata by invoking import phonenumbers.carrier.
  • Force-load the timezone metadata by invoking import phonenumbers.timezone.
  • Force-load the normal metadata by calling phonenumbers.PhoneMetadata.load_all().

The phonenumberslite version of the package does not include the geocoding, carrier and timezone metadata, which can be useful if you have problems installing the main phonenumbers package due to space/memory limitations.

Project Layout

  • The python/ directory holds the Python code.
  • The resources/ directory is a copy of the resources/ directory from libphonenumber. This is not needed to run the Python code, but is needed when upstream changes to the master metadata need to be incorporated.
  • The tools/ directory holds the tools that are used to process upstream changes to the master metadata.