When you send HTML emails you can't used style tags but instead you
have to put inline style attributes on every element. So from this:
<html>
<style type="text/css">
h1 { border:1px solid black }
p { color:red;}
</style>
<h1 style="font-weight:bolder">Peter</h1>
<p>Hej</p>
</html>
You want this:
<html>
<h1 style="font-weight:bolder; border:1px solid black">Peter</h1>
<p style="color:red">Hej</p>
</html>
premailer does this. It parses an HTML page, looks up style blocks
and parses the CSS. It then uses the lxml.html parser to modify the
DOM tree of the page accordingly.
If you havena't already done so, install premailer first:
$ pip install premailer
Next, the most basic use is to use the shortcut function, like this:
>>> from premailer import transform
>>> print transform("""
... <html>
... <style type="text/css">
... h1 { border:1px solid black }
... p { color:red;}
... p::first-letter { float:left; }
... </style>
... <h1 style="font-weight:bolder">Peter</h1>
... <p>Hej</p>
... </html>
... """)
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 style="font-weight:bolder; border:1px solid black">Peter</h1>
<p style="color:red">Hej</p>
</body>
</html>
For more advanced options, check out the code of the Premailer class
and all its options in its constructor.
You can also use premailer from the command line by using his main module.
$ python -m premailer -h
usage: python -m premailer [options]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-f [INFILE], --file [INFILE]
Specifies the input file. The default is stdin.
-o [OUTFILE], --output [OUTFILE]
Specifies the output file. The default is stdout.
--base-url BASE_URL
--remove-internal-links PRESERVE_INTERNAL_LINKS
Remove links that start with a '#' like anchors.
--exclude-pseudoclasses
Pseudo classes like p:last-child', p:first-child, etc
--preserve-style-tags
Do not delete <style></style> tags from the html
document.
--remove-star-selectors
All wildcard selectors like '* {color: black}' will be
removed.
--remove-classes Remove all class attributes from all elements
--strip-important Remove '!important' for all css declarations.
A basic example:
$ python -m premailer --base-url=http://google.com/ -f newsletter.html
<html>
<head><style>.heading { color:red; }</style></head>
<body><h1 class="heading" style="color:red"><a href="http://google.com/">Title</a></h1></body>
</html>
The command line interface supports standard input.
$ echo '<style>.heading { color:red; }</style><h1 class="heading"><a href="/">Title</a></h1>' | python -m premailer --base-url=http://google.com/
<html>
<head><style>.heading { color:red; }</style></head>
<body><h1 class="heading" style="color:red"><a href="http://google.com/">Title</a></h1></body>
</html>
Another thing premailer can do for you is to turn relative URLs (e.g.
"/some/page.html" into "http://www.peterbe.com/some/page.html"). It
does this to all href and src attributes that don't have a ://
part in it. For example, turning this:
<html>
<body>
<a href="/">Home</a>
<a href="page.html">Page</a>
<a href="http://crosstips.org">External</a>
<img src="/folder/">Folder</a>
</body>
</html>
Into this:
<html>
<body>
<a href="http://www.peterbe.com/">Home</a>
<a href="http://www.peterbe.com/page.html">Page</a>
<a href="http://crosstips.org">External</a>
<img src="http://www.peterbe.com/folder/">Folder</a>
</body>
</html>
by using transform('...', base_url='http://www.peterbe.com/').
Certain HTML attributes are also created on the HTML if the CSS
contains any ones that are easily translated into HTML attributes. For
example, if you have this CSS: td { background-color:#eee; } then
this is transformed into style="background-color:#eee" AND as an
HTML attribute bgcolor="#eee".
Having these extra attributes basically as a "back up" for really shit email clients that can't even take the style attributes. A lot of professional HTML newsletters such as Amazon's use this.