- Objective
- Copernicus
- Global Land Service (CGLS)
- Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S*)
- R resources
- Python resources
- Examples of potential use
Copernicus is the Earth observation programme of the European Union. It is implemented in partnership with the Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), EU Agencies and Mercator Océan.
According to the License to use Copernicus Products, access to Copernicus Products is given for any purpose in so far as it is lawful, whereas use may include, but is not limited to: reproduction; distribution; communication to the public; adaptation, modification and combination with other data and information; or any combination of the foregoing.
The data is provided to the end users via the
Copernicus Open Access Hub, either
via a graphical user
interface or an
API
(see technical details
here).
The Global Land Service contains a large set of products, being many of them focused on vegetation dynamics (the complete catalogue of services can be found here):
- Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR).
- Fraction of green vegetation cover (FCOVER).
- Leaf Area Index (LAI).
- Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).
- Dry Matter Productivity (DMP).
- Vegetation Condition Index (VCI).
- Vegetation Productivity Index (VPI).
- Surface Soil Moisture (SSM). Europe: daily resolution
- Soil Water Index (SWI). Europe, 1km resolution, and Global at 12.5 km.
- Land Surface Temperature: https://land.copernicus.eu/global/products/lst
The manifest files are here: https://land.copernicus.vgt.vito.be/manifest/
The Climate Change Service provides authoritative data for climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Such data can be accessed through the Climate Data Store (CDS) via a toolbox and a Python API. The flagship dataset in there is ERA5, produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). ERA5 is an hourly climate dataset built from weather observations and climate simulations at 9km resolution from 1950 to the present time. There are several datasets derived from ERA5 that might be of interest for BIOME MAKERS:
- ERA5-Land: global dataset at 9km spatial resolution and hourly temporal resolution representing weather, water, and soil variables from 2m above the surface to a soil depth of 289cm. Examples of variables contained in this dataset are: 2m dewpoint temperature, 2m temperature, evaporation from vegetation transpiration, leaf area index, potential evaporation, snow cover and density, soil temperature (five levels: 0-7, 7-28, 28-100, and 100-289 cm), surface runoff, and total precipitation.
- ERA5-Land montly averages from 1981 to present: Same variables as in ERA5-Land, but at a monthly temporal resolution from 1981.
- AgERA5: Agrometeorological indicators from 1979 to present: Global daily surface meteorological data at 9km resolution from 1979 to presentf for agriculture and agro-ecological studies.
- Package KrigR: download and downscaling of ERA5 data.
- Package ecmwfr: download of ERA5 data.
- Package RCGLS: download Copernicus manifest files with links to file locations.
- Package esd: weather data analysis and statistical downscaling. The function ERA5.CDS allows subsetting by coordinates.
- Package CSTools: download, downscaling, and analysis of ERA5 data.
- Package elevatr: provides functions (like get_opentopo()) to download digital elevation models useful to downscale climate data.
- Tutorial on how to access ERA5 data with R by Dominic Royé.
- Tutorial on how to download CGLS data with R (by personnel of the Copernicus platform)
- GitHub page of the CGLS. Contains examples on how to work with the CGLS data with R and Python.
- CDS API and its GitHub page.
- Package stactools-cgls-lc100: Subpackage for working with Copernicus Global Land Cover Layers data in stactools, a command line tool and Python library for working with STAC.