Object-Serialization: A C++ repository from Bruce1769

Object Serialization

produced by Rachel-Kirkland

Inspiration came from

http://blog.csdn.net/Kiritow/article/details/53129096

https://github.com/byebyebryan/lazyxml/tree/master/LazyXML

Binary Serialization

Program description

This program implements a module to support binary serialization/deserialization. The serialized data is stored in the test_file folder as file.data.
Support Types
- Arithmetic types：char, int, float, double, string
- STL containers：std::vector, std::list, std::set, std::map, std::pair
- User-defined types
```
class cbox : public BS::Serializable{
public:
	int a;
	double b;
	std::string str;    
}
```

Description of function blocks

Universal methods of binary serialization and deserialization

template<typename SerializableType>
std::string serialize(SerializableType& a)
{
    return a.serialize();
}

template<typename SerializableType>
int deserialize(std::string &str, SerializableType& a) 
{
	return a.deserialize(str);
}

Specialization of basic data types (eg：specialization of a string type)

//Serialize for std::string (len+str.data())
template<>
std::string serialize(std::string& s)
{
    int len = s.size();
    std::string ret;
    ret.append(BS::serialize(len));
    ret.append(s.data(), len);
    return ret;
}

template<>
int deserialize(std::string &str, std::string& s)
{
    int len;
    BS::deserialize(str, len);
    s = str.substr(sizeof(len), len);
    return sizeof(int) + len;
}

When serializing a string, the length of the string is serialized along with the contents of the string, thus effectively solving the problem of connecting a string to a string.

Template classes of serialization and deserialization
```
class Serializable{
public:
    virtual std::string serialize() = 0; 
    virtual int deserialize(std::string&) = 0;
};
```
For user-defined classes, you need to inherit to the template class and implement the serialization and deserialization methods yourself.

Output engine (Partial display)

class OutStream
{
public:
    OutStream() : os(std::ios::binary)
    {}
    template<typename SerializableType>
    OutStream& operator<< (SerializableType& a)
    {
        std::string x = BS::serialize(a);
        os.write(x.data(), x.size());
        return *this;
    }
    std::string str()
    {
        return os.str();
    }
public:
    std::ostringstream os;
};

By defining a class for an output engine and overloading the output stream, the type to be serialized is fed into the output engine to obtain the serialized string.

Example for use：

OutStream oe;
int a = 1;
oe << a;
oe.str(); //Get a serialized string

Input engine (Partial display)

class InStream
{
public:
    InStream(std::string &s) : str(s), total(s.size())
    {}

    template<typename SerializableType>
    InStream& operator>> (SerializableType& a)
    {
        int ret = BS::deserialize(str, a);
        str = str.substr(ret); 
        return *this;
    }

    int size()
    {
    	return total - str.size();
    }

protected:
    std::string str;
    int total;
};

This type accepts serialized strings and deserializes them into the specified type by defining a class for the input engine and overloading the input stream.

Example for use：

InStream ie(str); //str: a string stored serialized data
int a;
ie >> a;

Test samples (partial presentation)

void TEST_BasicType()
{
	std::cout << "\n====================================\n";
	std::cout << "===TEST_BasicType=================\n";
	std::cout << "====================================\n";

	//int_test
	int a = 2, a1;
	BS::serialize_to_binaryfile(a, "test_file\\test_int.data");
	BS::desrialize_from_binaryfile(a1, "test_file\\test_int.data");
	std::cout << "binary_int_test\n";
	ASSERT_EQ(a, a1);
}

Reference

http://blog.csdn.net/Kiritow/article/details/53129096

Xml Serialization

Program description

This program implement a wrapper module of tinyxml2 to support XML serialization. The serialized data is stored in the test_file folder as file.xml.
Support Types
- Arithmetic types: char, int, float, double, string
- STL containers: std::vector, std::list, std::set, std::map, std::pair
- User-defined types
```
class xbox: public XML_Seri::xmlSerialize
{
public:
	int a;
	double b;
	std::string str;
};
```

Description of function blocks

Universal methods of xml serialization and deserialization

template<typename T>
struct VarType
{
    static void reader(XMLElement * xmlElement, T & value)
    {
        std::cerr << "missing XML reading function for value type : " << typeid(T).name() << std::endl;
        assert(false);
    }
    
    static void writer(XMLElement * xmlElement, const std::string & name, const T & value)
    {
        std::cerr << "missing XML writing function for value type : " << typeid(T).name() << std::endl;
        assert(false);
    }
};

Defines a class template, including two functions static void reader(XMLElement * xmlElement, T & value) andstatic void writer(XMLElement * xmlElement, const std::string & name, const T & value), which implemente the deserialization and serialization of the specified class T respectively. After that, the class template is fully specialized and partially specialized according to different data types, so as to realize the deserialization and serialization functions of different data types.

Example of full specialization

//read&write for char
template<>
struct VarType<char>
{
    static void reader(tinyxml2::XMLElement * xmlElement, char &ch) {
        memcpy(&ch, xmlElement->GetText(), sizeof(char));
    }

    static void writer(tinyxml2::XMLElement * xmlElement, const std::string & name, const char &ch) {
        tinyxml2::XMLElement * newElement = xmlElement->GetDocument()->NewElement(name.c_str());
        newElement->SetText((const char*)&ch);
        xmlElement->InsertEndChild(newElement);
    }
};

Take advantage of the built-in functions of the TinyXML2 module, GetText() and SetText() to implement mutual transformation from string to XMLElement.

Example of partial specialization

//read&write for container type std::vector<T>
template<typename T>
struct VarType<std::vector<T>>
{
    static void reader(XMLElement *xmlElement, std::vector<T> &value)
    {
        tinyxml2::XMLElement * childElement = xmlElement->FirstChildElement();
        while (childElement)
        {
            T childValue;
            VarType<T>::reader(childElement, childValue);
            value.push_back(childValue);
            childElement = childElement->NextSiblingElement();
        }
    }
    static void writer(XMLElement * xmlElement, const std::string & name, const std::vector<T> & value)
    {
        XMLElement * newElement = xmlElement->GetDocument()->NewElement(name.c_str());
        for (auto &item : value) {
            VarType<T>::writer(newElement, "item", item);
        }
        xmlElement->InsertEndChild(newElement);
    }
};

Serialization: Converts each element in the container to an XMLElement type, and inserts the converted XMLElement type node into the final linked list.

Deserialization: Use a pointer of type XMLElement to traverse the list, converting each node to the specified data type, and use push_back() to store it in the container.

Read and write functions of XML, Wrapper functions of serialization/deserialization (Omit the implementation)
```
//stream in from xml
XMLDocument* ReadFromFile(const std::string &file_name) {}

//deserialize from a xml file
template<typename SerializableType>
void deserialize_xml(SerializableType& a, const std::string &name, const std::string &file_name) {}

//stream out to xml
void WriteToFile(const XMLDocument *xmlDoc, const std::string &file_name) {}

//serialize to a xml file
template<typename SerializableType>
void serialize_xml(SerializableType& a, const std::string &name, const std::string &file_name) {}
```
Serialization: convert the target type to an XMLDocument type: XMLDocument *xmlDoc, and use the function: xmlDoc->Print(&xmlPrinter)to write the XMLDocument type as a string to the file file.xml.

Deserialization: use xmlDoc->Parse(str) to read from file.xml and store into the objects of type XMLDocument. Use the previous full specialization or partial specialization function: reader(XMLElement*, T) to convert an XMLDocument type to an object of the specified type.

User-defined types

class xmlSerialize {
    virtual void deserialize_xml(const std::string &name, const std::string &file_name) = 0;
    virtual void serialize_xml(const std::string &name, const std::string &file_name) = 0;
};

For user-defined classes, you need to inherit to the template class and implement the serialization void serialize_xml() and deserialization void deserialize_xml() methods yourself.

Test samples (partial presentation)

void TEST_Pair() {
	std::cout << "\n====================================\n";
	std::cout << "===TEST_Pair=================\n";
	std::cout << "====================================\n";

	std::pair<int, double> p(2, 3.1), p2;

	//xml_test
	XML_Seri::serialize_xml(p, "std_pair", "test_file\\test_pair.xml");
	XML_Seri::deserialize_xml(p2, "std_pair", "test_file\\test_pair.xml");
	ASSERT_TRUE(p.first == p2.first);
	ASSERT_TRUE(p.second == p2.second);
}

Reference

https://github.com/byebyebryan/lazyxml/tree/master/LazyXML

Bruce1769/Object-Serialization