Cricle/UnionType

UnionType

Powerful, low consumption, and highly scalable type for c#.

What is this

It provide an union type struct, for strongly typed c# language.

How to implement

Use Memory mask to make struct has 16(maximum primary type bytes)+1(type store) bytes, it can be store primary types.

Object store use GCHandle to pin memory.

Samples

samples/UnionType.Sample

implicit cast in any time

using System;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        UnionValue a = 123;
        int b = a;//123
    }
}

You can use navite point or ref

using System;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    unsafe static void Main()
    {
        UnionValue a = 123;
        Console.WriteLine(*a.ToPointer<int>());//Print 123
    }
}

It is not a read-only type

using System;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var uv = (UnionValue)123;
        Inc(ref uv);
        Console.WriteLine(uv.@int);//Print 124
    }
    private static void Inc(ref UnionValue value)
    {
        value.@int++;
    }
}

It can accommodate all basic types

void(Empty)
byte
sbyte
bool
char
short
ushort
int
uint
long
ulong
float(Single)
double
decimal
object
DBNull
DateTime
String
TimeSpan(Additional types)
Guid(Additional types)
IntPtr(Additional types)

It can fast alloc decimal from number

Performace is alloc decimal benchmark

using System;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var uv = UnionValue.FromAsDecimal(123);
        Console.WriteLine(uv.@decimal);//123
    }
}

Implement p type interface(No .NET 7)

ICloneable
IComparable
IConvertible
IFormattable

Space saving

using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine(Unsafe.SizeOf<UnionValue>());//In .NET7.0 print 24, other print 17
    }
}

Able to operate

using System;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        UnionValue a = 123;
        UnionValue b = 456;

        var result = a + b;
        Console.WriteLine(result.ToString());//579
    }
}

Supports

+
-
*
/
%

Integer will become long, floating point will become decimal

Can compare

using System;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        UnionValue a = 123;
        var b = 456;
        Console.WriteLine(a > b);//False
        Console.WriteLine(a < b);//True
    }
}

Supports

>
>=
<
<=
== It will check type
!= It will check type

Can store object(weak ref)

using System;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var obj = new Program();
        var uv = new UnionValue { Object = obj };
        Console.WriteLine(uv.TypeNameString);//Program, rsa2, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null
        Console.WriteLine(uv.Object);//Program
    }
}

No box, raw type, can box if you need

using System;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var uv = UnionValue.FromAsDecimal(123);
        Console.WriteLine(uv.Box());//123
    }
}

FromObject or raw type

using System;
using UnionType;

internal class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var uv = UnionValue.FromObject(123);//Fast
        Console.WriteLine(uv.Box());//123
        uv = UnionValue.FromObject((object)123);
        Console.WriteLine(uv.Box());//123
    }
}

I use raw point copy!

UnionType/src/UnionType/UnionValueCreator.cs

Line 108 in eff150c

*(T*)&v = value;

In serialize case.(Can see UnionValueToBytesHelperTest.cs)

Performace

BenchmarkDotNet=v0.13.2, OS=Windows 10 (10.0.19045.2364)
Intel Core i5-9400F CPU 2.90GHz (Coffee Lake), 1 CPU, 6 logical and 6 physical cores
.NET SDK=7.0.100
  [Host]     : .NET 7.0.0 (7.0.22.51805), X64 RyuJIT AVX2
  DefaultJob : .NET 7.0.0 (7.0.22.51805), X64 RyuJIT AVX2

Method	Count	Mean	Error	StdDev	Ratio	RatioSD	Allocated	Alloc Ratio
Decimal	500	136.3 ns	0.37 ns	0.33 ns	1.00	0.00	-	NA
Union	500	136.5 ns	0.47 ns	0.42 ns	1.00	0.00	-	NA
Box	500	136.5 ns	0.66 ns	0.62 ns	1.00	0.00	-	NA
BigInteger	500	912.7 ns	3.84 ns	3.59 ns	6.70	0.03	-	NA

Decimal	5000000	1,290,235.7 ns	2,928.91 ns	2,596.40 ns	1.00	0.00	-	NA
Union	5000000	1,291,152.6 ns	4,300.97 ns	3,812.70 ns	1.00	0.00	1 B	NA
Box	5000000	1,291,088.1 ns	3,581.48 ns	2,990.70 ns	1.00	0.00	1 B	NA
BigInteger	5000000	9,026,300.8 ns	10,061.51 ns	8,919.27 ns	7.00	0.01	8 B	NA