chisel3: A Scala repository from Gerrie-Cui

Upcoming Events

Chisel Dev Meeting

Chisel/FIRRTL development meetings happen every Monday and Tuesday from 1100--1200 PT.

Call-in info and meeting notes are available here.

Chisel Community Conference 2021, Shanghai, China.

CCC is an annual gathering of Chisel community enthusiasts and technical exchange workshop. This year with the support of the Chisel development community and RISC-V World Conference China 2021 Committee, we have brought together designers and developers with hands-on experience in Chisel from home and abroad to share cutting-edge results and experiences from both the open source community as well as industry.
English translated recordings version will be updated soon.
Looking forward to CCC 2022! See you then!

Chisel is a hardware design language that facilitates advanced circuit generation and design reuse for both ASIC and FPGA digital logic designs. Chisel adds hardware construction primitives to the Scala programming language, providing designers with the power of a modern programming language to write complex, parameterizable circuit generators that produce synthesizable Verilog. This generator methodology enables the creation of re-usable components and libraries, such as the FIFO queue and arbiters in the Chisel Standard Library, raising the level of abstraction in design while retaining fine-grained control.

For more information on the benefits of Chisel see: "What benefits does Chisel offer over classic Hardware Description Languages?"

Chisel is powered by FIRRTL (Flexible Intermediate Representation for RTL), a hardware compiler framework that performs optimizations of Chisel-generated circuits and supports custom user-defined circuit transformations.

What does Chisel code look like?

Consider an FIR filter that implements a convolution operation, as depicted in this block diagram:

While Chisel provides similar base primitives as synthesizable Verilog, and could be used as such:

// 3-point moving average implemented in the style of a FIR filter
class MovingAverage3(bitWidth: Int) extends Module {
  val io = IO(new Bundle {
    val in = Input(UInt(bitWidth.W))
    val out = Output(UInt(bitWidth.W))
  })

  val z1 = RegNext(io.in)
  val z2 = RegNext(z1)

  io.out := (io.in * 1.U) + (z1 * 1.U) + (z2 * 1.U)
}

the power of Chisel comes from the ability to create generators, such as n FIR filter that is defined by the list of coefficients:

// Generalized FIR filter parameterized by the convolution coefficients
class FirFilter(bitWidth: Int, coeffs: Seq[UInt]) extends Module {
  val io = IO(new Bundle {
    val in = Input(UInt(bitWidth.W))
    val out = Output(UInt(bitWidth.W))
  })
  // Create the serial-in, parallel-out shift register
  val zs = Reg(Vec(coeffs.length, UInt(bitWidth.W)))
  zs(0) := io.in
  for (i <- 1 until coeffs.length) {
    zs(i) := zs(i-1)
  }

  // Do the multiplies
  val products = VecInit.tabulate(coeffs.length)(i => zs(i) * coeffs(i))

  // Sum up the products
  io.out := products.reduce(_ + _)
}

and use and re-use them across designs:

val movingAverage3Filter = Module(new FirFilter(8, Seq(1.U, 1.U, 1.U)))  // same 3-point moving average filter as before
val delayFilter = Module(new FirFilter(8, Seq(0.U, 1.U)))  // 1-cycle delay as a FIR filter
val triangleFilter = Module(new FirFilter(8, Seq(1.U, 2.U, 3.U, 2.U, 1.U)))  // 5-point FIR filter with a triangle impulse response

The above can be converted to Verilog using ChiselStage:

import chisel3.stage.{ChiselStage, ChiselGeneratorAnnotation}

(new chisel3.stage.ChiselStage).execute(
  Array("-X", "verilog"),
  Seq(ChiselGeneratorAnnotation(() => new FirFilter(8, Seq(1.U, 1.U, 1.U)))))

Alternatively, you may generate some Verilog directly for inspection:

val verilogString = (new chisel3.stage.ChiselStage).emitVerilog(new FirFilter(8, Seq(0.U, 1.U)))
println(verilogString)

Getting Started

Bootcamp Interactive Tutorial

The online Chisel Bootcamp is the recommended way to get started with and learn Chisel. No setup is required (it runs in the browser), nor does it assume any prior knowledge of Scala.

The classic Chisel tutorial contains small exercises and runs on your computer.

A Textbook on Chisel

If you like a textbook to learn Chisel and also a bit of digital design in general, you may be interested in reading Digital Design with Chisel. It is available in English, Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese.

Build Your Own Chisel Projects

See the setup instructions for how to set up your environment to run Chisel locally.

When you're ready to build your own circuits in Chisel, we recommend starting from the Chisel Template repository, which provides a pre-configured project, example design, and testbench. Follow the chisel-template readme to get started.

If you insist on setting up your own project, the magic SBT lines are:

libraryDependencies += "edu.berkeley.cs" %% "chisel3" % "3.4.0"
libraryDependencies += "edu.berkeley.cs" %% "chiseltest" % "0.3.0" % "test"

Design Verification

These simulation-based verification tools are available for Chisel:

iotesters, specifically PeekPokeTester, provides constructs (peek, poke, expect) similar to a non-synthesizable Verilog testbench.
testers2 is an in-development replacement for PeekPokeTester, providing the same base constructs but with a streamlined interface and concurrency support with fork and join.

Documentation

Useful Resources

Cheat Sheet, a 2-page reference of the base Chisel syntax and libraries
ScalaDoc, a listing, description, and examples of the functionality exposed by Chisel
Gitter, where you can ask questions or discuss anything Chisel
Website (source)

If you are migrating from Chisel2, see the migration guide.

Data Types Overview

These are the base data types for defining circuit components:

Contributor Documentation

This section describes how to get started contributing to Chisel itself, including how to test your version locally against other projects that pull in Chisel using sbt's managed dependencies.

Useful Resources for Contributors

The Useful Resources for users are also helpful for contributors.

Chisel Breakdown Slides, an introductory talk about Chisel's internals

Compiling and Testing Chisel

First, clone and build the master branch of FIRRTL and Treadle, as the master branch of Chisel may depend on unreleased changes in those projects:

git clone https://github.com/chipsalliance/firrtl.git
git clone https://github.com/chipsalliance/treadle.git
pushd firrtl; sbt publishLocal; popd
pushd treadle; sbt publishLocal; popd

Clone and build the Chisel library:

git clone https://github.com/chipsalliance/chisel3.git
cd chisel3
sbt compile

In order to run the following unit tests, make sure you have Verilator installed and on your PATH (you can check this by running which verilator).

If the compilation succeeded, you can then run the included unit tests by invoking:

sbt test

Running Projects Against Local Chisel

To use the development version of Chisel (master branch), you will need to build from source and publishLocal. The repository version can be found in the build.sbt file. As of the time of writing it was:

version := "3.4-SNAPSHOT"

To publish your version of Chisel to the local Ivy (sbt's dependency manager) repository, run:

sbt publishLocal

The compiled version gets placed in ~/.ivy2/local/edu.berkeley.cs/. If you need to un-publish your local copy of Chisel, remove the directory generated in ~/.ivy2/local/edu.berkeley.cs/.

In order to have your projects use this version of Chisel, you should update the libraryDependencies setting in your project's build.sbt file to:

libraryDependencies += "edu.berkeley.cs" %% "chisel3" % "3.4-SNAPSHOT"

Building Chisel with FIRRTL in the same SBT Project

While we recommend using the library dependency approach as described above, it is possible to build Chisel and FIRRTL in a single SBT project.

Caveats

This only works for the "main" configuration; you cannot build the Chisel tests this way because treadle is only supported as a library dependency.
Do not publishLocal when building this way. The published artifact will be missing the FIRRTL dependency.

This works by using sbt-sriracha, an SBT plugin for toggling between source and library dependencies. It provides two JVM system properties that, when set, will tell SBT to include FIRRTL as a source project:

sbt.sourcemode - when set to true, SBT will look for FIRRTL in the workspace
sbt.workspace - sets the root directory of the workspace

Example use:

# From root of this repo
git clone git@github.com:chipsalliance/firrtl.git
sbt -Dsbt.sourcemode=true -Dsbt.workspace=$PWD

This is primarily useful for building projects that themselves want to include Chisel as a source dependency. As an example, see Rocket Chip

Chisel3 Architecture Overview

The Chisel3 compiler consists of these main parts:

The frontend, chisel3.*, which is the publicly visible "API" of Chisel and what is used in Chisel RTL. These just add data to the...
The Builder, chisel3.internal.Builder, which maintains global state (like the currently open Module) and contains commands, generating...
The intermediate data structures, chisel3.firrtl.*, which are syntactically very similar to Firrtl. Once the entire circuit has been elaborated, the top-level object (a Circuit) is then passed to...
The Firrtl emitter, chisel3.firrtl.Emitter, which turns the intermediate data structures into a string that can be written out into a Firrtl file for further processing.

Also included is:

The standard library of circuit generators, chisel3.util.*. These contain commonly used interfaces and constructors (like Decoupled, which wraps a signal with a ready-valid pair) as well as fully parameterizable circuit generators (like arbiters and multiplexors).
Chisel Stage, chisel3.stage.*, which contains compilation and test functions that are invoked in the standard Verilog generation and simulation testing infrastructure. These can also be used as part of custom flows.

Chisel Sub-Projects

Chisel consists of 4 Scala projects; each is its own separate compilation unit:

core is the bulk of the source code of Chisel, depends on macros
src/main is the "main" that brings it all together and includes a util library, which depends on core
plugin is the compiler plugin, no internal dependencies
macros is most of the macros used in Chisel, no internal dependencies

Code that touches lots of APIs that are private to the chisel3 package should belong in core, while code that is pure Chisel should belong in src/main.

Which version should I use?

The chisel eco-system (chisel3, firttl, dsptools, firrtl-interpreter, treadle, diagrammer) use a form of semantic versioning: major versions are identified by two leading numbers, separated by a dot (i.e., 3.2), minor versions by a single number following the major version, separated by a dot. We maintain API compatibility within a major version (i.e., 3.2.12 should be API-compatible with 3.2.0), but do not guarantee API compatibility between major versions (i.e., APIs may change between 3.1.8 and 3.2.0). We may introduce new definitions or add additional parameters to existing definitions in a minor release, but we do our best to maintain compatibility with previous minor releases of a major release - code that worked in 3.2.0 should continue to work un-modified in 3.2.10.

We encourage chisel users (rather than chisel developers), to use release versions of chisel. The chisel web site (and GitHub repository) should indicate the current release version. If you encounter an issue with a released version of chisel, please file an issue on GitHub mentioning the chisel version and provide a simple test case (if possible). Try to reproduce the issue with the associated latest minor release (to verify that the issue hasn't been addressed).

If you're developing a chisel library (or chisel itself), you'll probably want to work closer to the tip of the development trunk. By default, the master branches of the chisel repositories are configured to build and publish their version of the code as Z.Y-SNAPSHOT. We try to publish an updated SNAPSHOT every two weeks. There is no guarantee of API compatibility between SNAPSHOT versions, but we publish date-stamped Z.Y-yyyymmdd-SNAPSHOT versions which will not change. The code in Z.Y-SNAPSHOT should match the code in the most recent Z.Y-yyyymmdd-SNAPSHOT version, the differences being the chisel library dependencies: Z.Y-SNAPSHOTs depend on V.U-SNAPSHOTs and Z.Y-yyyymmdd-SNAPSHOTs will depend on V.U-yyyymmdd-SNAPSHOTs. NOTE: Prior to the v3.2-20191030-SNAPSHOT version, we used Z.Y-mmddyy-SNAPSHOT to tag and name published SNAPSHOTs.

If you're developing a library (or another chisel tool), you should probably work with date-stamped SNAPSHOTs until your library or tool is ready to be published (to ensure a consistent API). Prior to publishing, you should verify your code against generic (no date-stamp) SNAPSHOTs, or locally published clones of the current master branches of chisel dependencies.

Gerrie-Cui/chisel3