Data from JSIEC1000 is available at (https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/linchundan/fundusimage1000).
Data from RETORCH is available at (https://retouch.grand-challenge.org).
Data from VOC2012 is available at (http://host.robots.ox.ac.uk/pascal/VOC/voc2012).
Additional data sets supporting the findings of this study were not publicly available due to the confidential policy of National Health Commission of China, but are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.