msql, apache, php, wordpress
In this project we will prepare a storage infrastructure on two Linux servers and implement a basic web solution using WordPress. We will use mysql database for its backend Relational Database Management System.
This project will display the full concept of the three-tier architecture upon which web solutions are biult:
- Presentation Layer: This is the clients browser, smartphone or laptop.
2: Business Layer: This stands for the backend component that implements business logic. Theses are the servers or application.
- Data Access or Management Layer (DAL): This is the layer for computer data storage and data access. Database Server or File System Server such as FTP server, or NFS Server.
REDHAT Os will be used for this project
Navigate to the volume section and create 3 volumes, 10G each in the same availability zone of the created insances
Click on the created volumes, one after the other and attach them to the Database server
Open terminal and verify for the attached volumes
lsblk
To see all mounts and free space on your server: Run:
df -h
Create a single partition on each of the 3 disks using gdisk utility
sudo gdisk /dev/xvdf
sudo gdisk /dev/xvdg
sudo gdisk /dev/xvdh
Type n to create new partition, 1 to indicate the number, p to check the partition created and w to write the partition and type y for yes to complete the partition
Run lsblk to see the new partitions
To check the available volume, we will user lvm2
Install lvm3. Run:
sudo yum install lvm2
Check the available volume . Run:
sudo lvmdiskscan
Use pvcreate utility to mark each of 3 disks as physical volumes (PVs) to be used by LVM Run:
sudo pvcreate /dev/xvdf1
sudo pvcreate /dev/xvdg1
sudo pvcreate /dev/xvdh1
Confirm the volumes are created, Run:
This shows the physical volumes have been marked
Create a volume group using vgcreate, name of the group here is webdata-vg
sudo vgcreate webdata-vg /dev/xvdf1 /dev/xvdg1 /dev/xvdh1
Run sudo vgs to confirm the created volume group
Next, we use lvcreate to create 2 logical volumes to store web data and logs. Apps-lv and logs-lv respectively
sudo lvcreate -n apps-lv -L 14G webdata-vg
sudo lvcreate -n logs-lv -L 14G webdata-vg
Run:
sudo lvs to see the logical volumes created
Run sudo lsblk to check the entire created volumes
Use mkfs.ext4 to format the logical volumes with ext4 filesystem
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/webdata-vg/apps-lv
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/webdata-vg/logs-lv
Create /var/www/html directory to store website files
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html
Create /home/recovery/logs to store backup of log data
sudo mkdir -p /home/recovery/logs
Mount /var/www/html on apps-lv logical volume
sudo mount /dev/webdata-vg/apps-lv /var/www/html/
We use rsync utility to backup all the files in the log directory /var/log into /home/recovery/logs. We do this before mouting on the /var/log because evrything on the directory will be formatted upon mounting leading to loss of valuable data.
sudo rsync -av /var/log/. /home/recovery/logs/
Now, we mount on /var/log directory
sudo mount /dev/webdata-vg/logs-lv /var/log
Return the backed files from /home/recovery/logs
sudo rsync -av /home/recovery/logs/. /var/log
Next we update the /etc/fstab file
Run:
sudo blkid
Next, update /etc/fstab
sudo vi /etc/fstab
Mount and reload daemon
sudo mount -a
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
Use df -h to see the total
Repeat the same steps as for the Web Server, but instead of apps-lv create db-lv and mount it to /db directory instead of /var/www/html/.
sudo yum -y update
Install wget, Apache and it’s dependencies
sudo yum -y install wget httpd php php-mysqlnd php-fpm php-json
Start Apache
sudo systemctl enable httpd
sudo systemctl start httpd
To install PHP and it’s depemdencies
sudo yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
sudo yum install yum-utils http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm
sudo yum module list php
sudo yum module reset php
sudo yum module enable php:remi-7.4
sudo yum install php php-opcache php-gd php-curl php-mysqlnd
sudo systemctl start php-fpm
sudo systemctl enable php-fpm
setsebool -P httpd_execmem 1
Restart Apache
sudo systemctl restart httpd
Download wordpress and copy wordpress to var/www/html
mkdir wordpress
cd wordpress
sudo wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
sudo tar xzvf latest.tar.gz
sudo rm -rf latest.tar.gz
cp wordpress/wp-config-sample.php wordpress/wp-config.php
cp -R wordpress /var/www/html/
Install MySQL on your DB Server EC2
sudo yum update
sudo yum install mysql-server
Check the status if the service is running. Run
sudo systemctl status mysqld
To start and enable mysqld, Run:
sudo systemctl restart mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld
sudo mysql
CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
CREATE USER `myuser`@`<Web-Server-Private-IP-Address>` IDENTIFIED BY 'mypass';
GRANT ALL ON wordpress.* TO 'myuser'@'<Web-Server-Private-IP-Address>';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
SHOW DATABASES;
exit
open MySQL port 3306 on DB Server EC2, also, set the ip address to the public address of the webserver and add /32 to it
Install MySQL client and test that we can connect the database server from the webserver.
sudo yum install mysql
sudo mysql -u admin -p -h <DB-Server-Private-IP-address>
On mysql show database to confirm if you can see the database created on the webserver
Change permissions and configuration so Apache could use WordPress:
Configure SELinux Policies
sudo chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html/wordpress
sudo chcon -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t /var/www/html/wordpress -R
sudo setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect=1
Enable TCP port 80 in Inbound Rules configuration for your Web Server EC2 from anywhere 0.0.0.0/0 or system ip
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