Binary Tree Operations

This project implements a binary tree in C++ with various operations to insert nodes and traverse the tree. The program includes functions to create nodes, insert nodes, and perform different tree traversals such as pre-order, in-order, and post-order. It also features a function to visually display the tree structure.

Features

Insert Node: Adds a new node to the binary tree.
Pre-order Traversal: Traverses the tree in pre-order (root, left, right).
In-order Traversal: Traverses the tree in in-order (left, root, right).
Post-order Traversal: Traverses the tree in post-order (left, right, root).
Display Tree: Visually displays the structure of the binary tree.
Menu Interface: Provides a user-friendly interface to perform the above operations.

Usage

Compile the program using a C++ compiler and run the executable. You will be prompted to enter the number of nodes and their values, after which you can perform various tree operations.

Example Commands

Insert Node: Prompts the user to enter the value for each new node.
Pre-order Traversal: Displays the nodes in pre-order traversal.
In-order Traversal: Displays the nodes in in-order traversal.
Post-order Traversal: Displays the nodes in post-order traversal.
Display Tree: Visually displays the tree structure.

Code Snippets

Create Node

This function creates a new node with a given value and initializes its left and right children to NULL.

NDO crearNodo(int x) {
    NDO nuevoNodo = new(struct nodo); // Create space for the new node
    nuevoNodo->dato = x; // Assign the value to the new node
    nuevoNodo->izq = NULL;
    nuevoNodo->der = NULL;
    return nuevoNodo; // Return the new node
}

Insert Node

This function inserts a new node into the binary tree. If the tree is empty, it creates a new node as the root. Otherwise, it inserts the node in the correct position based on its value.

void insertar(NDO& arbol, int x) {
    if (arbol == NULL) { // Check if the tree is empty
        arbol = crearNodo(x); // Create a new node
    } else if (x < arbol->dato) { // If the value is less than the root
        insertar(arbol->izq, x); // Insert in the left subtree
    } else if (x > arbol->dato) { // If the value is greater than the root
        insertar(arbol->der, x); // Insert in the right subtree
    }
}

Pre-order Traversal

This function performs a pre-order traversal of the binary tree, printing the value of each node as it visits them.

void preOrden(NDO arbol) {
    if (arbol != NULL) { // If the node is not NULL
        cout << arbol->dato << "  "; // Print the current node
        preOrden(arbol->izq); // Recursively traverse the left subtree
        preOrden(arbol->der); // Recursively traverse the right subtree
    }
}

Menu Interface

This part of the code provides a simple interface to interact with the binary tree. It prompts the user to enter the number of nodes and their values, and then displays the tree and performs various traversals.

int main() {
    NDO arbol = NULL; // Create the binary tree

    int n; // Number of nodes in the tree
    int x; // Value to insert in each node

    cout << "\n\t - - - - - GRAFUNGO BINARIO - - - - - \n\n";
    cout << " NUMERO DE NODOS: ";
    cin >> n;
    cout << endl;

    // Insert nodes into the tree
    cout << "\t NODO " << "| VAL " << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cout << "\t  #" << i + 1 << "  | "; // Indicator of the current node
        cin >> x; // Input value
        insertar(arbol, x);
    }

    // Display the tree
    cout << "\n ARBOL GENERADO \n\n";
    verArbol(arbol, 0);

    // Pre-order traversal
    cout << "\n\n PreOrden: ";
    preOrden(arbol);
    cout << endl << endl;

    // In-order traversal
    cout << "\n\n enOrden: ";
    enOrden(arbol);
    cout << endl << endl;

    // Post-order traversal
    cout << "\n\n postOrden: ";
    postOrden(arbol);
    cout << endl << endl;

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

How to Run

Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/KPlanisphere/binary-tree-operations.git

Navigate to the project directory:
```
cd binary-tree-operations
```
Compile the code:
```
g++ ABinario_V2.cpp -o binary_tree
```
Run the executable:
```
./binary_tree
```