Git-Usefull-commands-: A repository from KelvinKasyoki

10 Git Commands Every Software Developer Should Know

Git Clone

Git clone is a command for downloading existing source code from a remote repository
```
     git clone <https://name-of-the-repository-link>
```
Git Branch

Branches are highly important in the git world. By using branches, several developers are able to work in parallel on the same project simultaneously. We can use the git branch command for creating, listing and deleting branches.

Creating New Branch
```
     git branch <branch-name>
```
To push the new branch into the remote repository
```
    git push -u <remote> <branch-name>
```
Viewing branches
```
    git branch  or  git branch --list
```
Deleting a branch in git
```
   git branch -d <branch-name>
```

Git checkout

To work in a branch, first you need to switch to it

We use git checkout mostly for switching from one branch to another

We can also use it for checking out files and commits.

To switch to other branch

     git checkout <name-of-your-branch>

There are some steps you need to follow for successfully switching between branches:

 :- The changes in your current branch must be committed or stashed before you switch

 :- The branch you want to check out should exist in your local

There is also a shortcut command that allows you to create and switch to a branch at the same time:

    git checkout -b <name-of-your-branch>

    :- This command creates a new branch in your local (-b stands for branch) and 
        checks the branch out to new right after it has been created.

Git Status

The Git status command gives us all the necessary information about the current branch.

     git status


 :- We can gather information like:

     Whether the current branch is up to date

     Whether there is anything to commit, push or pull

     Whether there are files staged, unstaged or untracked

     Whether there are files created, modified or deleted

Git Add

When we create, modify or delete a file, these changes will happen in our local and won't be included in the next commit

We need to use the git add command to include the changes of a file(s) into our next commit.
```
     To add a single file:       git add <file>

     To add everything at once:   git add -A
```
Important: The git add command doesn't change the repository and the changes are not saved until we use git commit.
Git commit

Once we reached a certain point in development, we want to save our changes

Git commit is like setting a checkpoint in the development process which you can go back to later if needed.

We also need to write a short message to explain what we have developed or changed in the source code.
```
     git commit -m "your commit message"
```
Important: Git commit saves your changes only locally.
Git Push

After committing your changes, the next thing you want to do is send your changes to the remote server.

Git push uploads your commits to the remote repository.
```
     git push     

     git push <remote> <branch-name>
```
However, if your branch is newly created, then you also need to upload the branch with the following command:
```
     git push -u origin <branch_name>
```
Important: Git push only uploads changes that are committed.
Git Pull

The git pull command is used to get updates from the remote repo

This command is a combination of git fetch and git merge

Which means, when we use git pull, it gets the updates from remote

repository (git fetch) and immediately applies the latest changes in your local (git merge).
```
     git pull 
```
This operation may cause conflicts that you need to solve manually.
Git revert

Sometimes we need to undo the changes that we've made. There are various ways to undo our

changes locally or remotely (depends on what we need), but we must carefully use these

commands to avoid unwanted deletions.

A safer way that we can undo our commits is by using git revert.

To see our commit history, first we need to use
```
     git log -- oneline:
```
Then we just need to specify the hash code next to our commit that we would like to undo:
```
    eg:    git revert 232323
```
Git Merge

When you've completed development in your branch and everything works fine,

the final step is merging the branch with the parent branch (dev or master).

when you want to merge your feature branch into the dev branch:
```
First you should switch to the dev branch:

    git checkout dev

Before merging, you should update your local dev branch:

    git fetch

Finally, you can merge your feature branch into dev:

    git merge <branch-name>
```

KelvinKasyoki/Git-Usefull-commands-