希望能通过这个基于强大功能和丰富的生态的MCU进而任意和Flash交互
This project is based on STM32WB55 Nucleo Pack.
Flash:W25Q64 WinBond
typedef struct
{
uint32_t Instruction; /* Specifies the Instruction to be sent
This parameter can be a value (8-bit) between 0x00 and 0xFF */
uint32_t Address; /* Specifies the Address to be sent (Size from 1 to 4 bytes according AddressSize)
This parameter can be a value (32-bits) between 0x0 and 0xFFFFFFFF */
uint32_t AlternateBytes; /* Specifies the Alternate Bytes to be sent (Size from 1 to 4 bytes according AlternateBytesSize)
This parameter can be a value (32-bits) between 0x0 and 0xFFFFFFFF */
uint32_t AddressSize; /* Specifies the Address Size
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_AddressSize */
uint32_t AlternateBytesSize; /* Specifies the Alternate Bytes Size
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_AlternateBytesSize */
uint32_t DummyCycles; /* Specifies the Number of Dummy Cycles.
This parameter can be a number between 0 and 31 */
uint32_t InstructionMode; /* Specifies the Instruction Mode
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_InstructionMode */
uint32_t AddressMode; /* Specifies the Address Mode
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_AddressMode */
uint32_t AlternateByteMode; /* Specifies the Alternate Bytes Mode
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_AlternateBytesMode */
uint32_t DataMode; /* Specifies the Data Mode (used for dummy cycles and data phases)
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_DataMode */
uint32_t NbData; /* Specifies the number of data to transfer. (This is the number of bytes)
This parameter can be any value between 0 and 0xFFFFFFFF (0 means undefined length
until end of memory)*/
uint32_t DdrMode; /* Specifies the double data rate mode for address, alternate byte and data phase
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_DdrMode */
uint32_t SIOOMode; /* Specifies the send instruction only once mode
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_SIOOMode */
}QSPI_CommandTypeDef;
/* @defgroup QSPI_InstructionMode QSPI Instruction Mode@ */
#define QSPI_INSTRUCTION_NONE 0x00000000U /*!<No instruction*/
#define QSPI_INSTRUCTION_1_LINE ((uint32_t)QUADSPI_CCR_IMODE_0) /*!<Instruction on a single line*/
#define QSPI_INSTRUCTION_2_LINES ((uint32_t)QUADSPI_CCR_IMODE_1) /*!<Instruction on two lines*/
#define QSPI_INSTRUCTION_4_LINES ((uint32_t)QUADSPI_CCR_IMODE) /*!<Instruction on four lines*/
/* @defgroup QSPI_AddressSize QSPI Address Size@ */
#define QSPI_ADDRESS_8_BITS 0x00000000U /*!<8-bit address*/
#define QSPI_ADDRESS_16_BITS ((uint32_t)QUADSPI_CCR_ADSIZE_0) /*!<16-bit address*/
#define QSPI_ADDRESS_24_BITS ((uint32_t)QUADSPI_CCR_ADSIZE_1) /*!<24-bit address*/
#define QSPI_ADDRESS_32_BITS ((uint32_t)QUADSPI_CCR_ADSIZE) /*!<32-bit address*/
/* @defgroup QSPI_SIOOMode QSPI Send Instruction Mode@ */
#define QSPI_SIOO_INST_EVERY_CMD 0x00000000U /*!<Send instruction on every transaction*/
#define QSPI_SIOO_INST_ONLY_FIRST_CMD ((uint32_t)QUADSPI_CCR_SIOO) /*!<Send instruction only for the first command*/typedef struct
{
uint32_t Match; /* Specifies the value to be compared with the masked status register to get a match.
This parameter can be any value between 0 and 0xFFFFFFFF */
uint32_t Mask; /* Specifies the mask to be applied to the status bytes received.
This parameter can be any value between 0 and 0xFFFFFFFF */
uint32_t Interval; /* Specifies the number of clock cycles between two read during automatic polling phases.
This parameter can be any value between 0 and 0xFFFF */
uint32_t StatusBytesSize; /* Specifies the size of the status bytes received.
This parameter can be any value between 1 and 4 */
uint32_t MatchMode; /* Specifies the method used for determining a match.
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_MatchMode */
uint32_t AutomaticStop; /* Specifies if automatic polling is stopped after a match.
This parameter can be a value of @ref QSPI_AutomaticStop */
} QSPI_AutoPollingTypeDef;Mode first, data second.Let's see the APIs.
/**
* @brief Set the command configuration.
* @param hqspi QSPI handle
* @param cmd : structure that contains the command configuration information
* @param Timeout Timeout duration
* @note This function is used only in Indirect Read or Write Modes
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_QSPI_Command(QSPI_HandleTypeDef *hqspi, QSPI_CommandTypeDef *cmd, uint32_t Timeout)
{
QSPI_Config(hqspi, cmd, QSPI_FUNCTIONAL_MODE_INDIRECT_WRITE);
if (cmd->DataMode == QSPI_DATA_NONE)
{
/* When there is no data phase, the transfer start as soon as the configuration is done
so wait until TC flag is set to go back in idle state */
status = QSPI_WaitFlagStateUntilTimeout(hqspi, QSPI_FLAG_TC, SET, tickstart, Timeout);
if (status == HAL_OK)
{
__HAL_QSPI_CLEAR_FLAG(hqspi, QSPI_FLAG_TC);
/* Update QSPI state */
hqspi->State = HAL_QSPI_STATE_READY;
}
}
else
{
/* Update QSPI state */
hqspi->State = HAL_QSPI_STATE_READY;
}
}/**
* @brief Configure the communication registers.
* @param hqspi QSPI handle
* @param cmd structure that contains the command configuration information
* @param FunctionalMode functional mode to configured
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg QSPI_FUNCTIONAL_MODE_INDIRECT_WRITE: Indirect write mode
* @arg QSPI_FUNCTIONAL_MODE_INDIRECT_READ: Indirect read mode
* @arg QSPI_FUNCTIONAL_MODE_AUTO_POLLING: Automatic polling mode
* @arg QSPI_FUNCTIONAL_MODE_MEMORY_MAPPED: Memory-mapped mode
* @retval None
*/
static void QSPI_Config(QSPI_HandleTypeDef *hqspi, QSPI_CommandTypeDef *cmd, uint32_t FunctionalMode)
{
if (cmd->InstructionMode != QSPI_INSTRUCTION_NONE)
{
if (cmd->AlternateByteMode != QSPI_ALTERNATE_BYTES_NONE)
{
/* Configure QSPI: ABR register with alternate bytes value */
WRITE_REG(hqspi->Instance->ABR, cmd->AlternateBytes);
if (cmd->AddressMode != QSPI_ADDRESS_NONE)
{
/*---- Command with instruction, address and alternate bytes ----*/
/* Configure QSPI: CCR register with all communications parameters */
if (FunctionalMode != QSPI_FUNCTIONAL_MODE_MEMORY_MAPPED)
{
/* Configure QSPI: AR register with address value */
}
}
else
{
/*---- Command with instruction and alternate bytes ----*/
/* Configure QSPI: CCR register with all communications parameters */
}
}
else
{
if (cmd->AddressMode != QSPI_ADDRESS_NONE)
{
/*---- Command with instruction and address ----*/
/* Configure QSPI: CCR register with all communications parameters */W
if (FunctionalMode != QSPI_FUNCTIONAL_MODE_MEMORY_MAPPED)
{
/* Configure QSPI: AR register with address value */
WRITE_REG(hqspi->Instance->AR, cmd->Address);
}
}
else
{
/*---- Command with only instruction ----*/
/* Configure QSPI: CCR register with all communications parameters */
}
}
}
}| CONN（第几组排针） | PIN | MEAN | GPIO | COLOR（杜邦线的颜色） |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN7 | 16 | 3.3V | NULL | 红 |
| CN7 | 20 | GND | NULL | 棕 |
| CN10 | 35 | CS | PA2 | 绿 |
| CN10 | 37 | CLK | PA3 | 白 |
| CN10 | 5 | IO0 | PB9 | 紫 |
| CN10 | 3 | IO1 | PB8 | 灰 |
| CN10 | 15 | IO2 | PA7 | 蓝 |
| CN10 | 13 | IO3 | PA6 | 橙 |
首先我们应该确定一下我们的接线是否准确无误，查看数据手册获取如何读取：
我们可以非常清楚的看到设备上电后默认是SPI总线(accessed through an SPI compatiable)，此时HOLD(IO2)和WP(IO3)上暂时无法传输数据，如果启用引脚上拉，此时应该是低电平，我们尝试读取一下：
分析一下代码：
/* 整体看下来，把数据封装在 QSPI_CommandTypeDef 就可以完成整个读写过程 */
QSPI_CommandTypeDef sCommand;
/* Standard SPI:1 Dual SPI:2 Quad SPI:4 */
sCommand.InstructionMode = QSPI_INSTRUCTION_1_LINE;
/* 发出的命令 */
sCommand.Instruction = 0x90;
/* 24位地址正好是3个没用的波形 */
sCommand.AddressMode = QSPI_ADDRESS_1_LINE;
sCommand.AddressSize = QSPI_ADDRESS_24_BITS;
sCommand.Address = 0x0U;
/* 这个暂时不知道是什么意思 */
sCommand.AlternateByteMode = QSPI_ALTERNATE_BYTES_NONE;
sCommand.AlternateBytes = QSPI_ALTERNATE_BYTES_NONE;
sCommand.AlternateBytesSize = QSPI_ALTERNATE_BYTES_NONE;
/* DummyCycles为零，实际上dummy有3个字节的地址代替了，数据手册上让这么做的，dummy 波形多产生在准备读之前 */
/* The dummy clocks allow the devices internal circuits additional time for setting up the initial address. During the dummy clocks the data value on the DO pin is a “don’t care”. */
sCommand.DummyCycles = 0;
/* 标准SPI MISO接收数据，设置接收的数据长度为2，也就是发送完地址以后，在产生16个时钟信号(接收数据)接收从机数据 */
sCommand.DataMode = QSPI_DATA_1_LINE;
sCommand.NbData = 2;
/* Double Date Rate, 不采用上升沿、下降沿双倍速率采样 */
sCommand.DdrMode = QSPI_DDR_MODE_DISABLE;
/*
每次交互都要重新发送命令
因为在连续读的时候，SOC可以每次发送地址而忽略（不发）命令
*/
sCommand.SIOOMode = QSPI_SIOO_INST_EVERY_CMD;
if (HAL_QSPI_Command(&hqspi, &sCommand, HAL_QSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
if (HAL_QSPI_Receive(&hqspi, buf, HAL_QSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK) {
Error_Handler();
}- 这里记录一下波形，当我们读不出来的时候记录一下
手册上的波形
由于现在是标准SPI模式，IO2和IO3是没有数据交互的，所以我们可以使用SPI解析
Quad SPI and QPI instructions require the non-volatile Quad Enable bit (QE) in Status Register-2
to be set.
所以使用Quad SPI提高传输速度仅需要两步：
- 使能QE位
- 使用支持Quad SPI特征的指令
非易失性存储写（掉电数据不丢，甚至状态寄存器也是这样，我们在MCU上的寄存器是一段特殊的内存，掉电后都是需要初始化的）之前必须要先发送写使能指令。
The Write Status Register instruction allows the Status Register to be written. Only non-volatile Status Register bits SRP0, SEC, TB, BP2, BP1, BP0 (bits 7 thru 2 of Status Register-1) and CMP, LB3, LB2, LB1, QE, SRP1 (bits 14 thru 8 of Status Register-2) can be written to. To write non-volatile Status Register bits, a standard Write Enable (06h) instruction must previously have been executed for the device to accept the Write Status Register instruction (Status Register bit WEL must equal 1).
int W25QXXWriteEnable()
{
QSPI_CommandTypeDef sCommand = {0};
/* Enable write operations ------------------------------------------ */
sCommand.InstructionMode = QSPI_INSTRUCTION_1_LINE;
sCommand.Instruction = 0x06;
sCommand.AddressMode = QSPI_ADDRESS_NONE;
sCommand.AddressSize = QSPI_ADDRESS_NONE;
sCommand.Address = 0x0U;
sCommand.AlternateByteMode = QSPI_ALTERNATE_BYTES_NONE;
sCommand.AlternateBytes = QSPI_ALTERNATE_BYTES_NONE;
sCommand.AlternateBytesSize = QSPI_ALTERNATE_BYTES_NONE;
/* 注意这里一定要设置DataMode为0 */
sCommand.DummyCycles = 0;
sCommand.DataMode = QSPI_DATA_NONE;
sCommand.NbData = 0;
sCommand.DdrMode = QSPI_DDR_MODE_DISABLE;
sCommand.SIOOMode = QSPI_SIOO_INST_EVERY_CMD;
if (HAL_QSPI_Command(&hqspi, &sCommand, HAL_QSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
return 0;
}现在终于可以置为 QE Bit Enable 了
顺便记录一下示波器的
Quad SPI Read
Mode:Fast Read Quad Output
到目前位置前边的都是铺垫，现在终于可以看看Quad SPI传输了
上边的读不太严谨，但是也没有明显的读错误，接下来我们试试随机数读写。
这个接口真的是为了读而设计的，写的话还得老老实实的用标准SPI.
看一下完整的波形
while(1)
{
...
}