IPy - class and tools for handling of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and networks.
Website: https://github.com/autocracy/python-ipy/
Presentation of the API
The IP class allows a comfortable parsing and handling for most notations in use for IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and networks. It was greatly inspired by RIPE's Perl module NET::IP's interface but doesn't share the implementation. It doesn't share non-CIDR netmasks, so funky stuff like a netmask of 0xffffff0f can't be done here.
>>> from IPy import IP
>>> ip = IP('127.0.0.0/30')
>>> for x in ip:
... print(x)
...
127.0.0.0
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.2
127.0.0.3
>>> ip2 = IP('0x7f000000/30')
>>> ip == ip2
1
>>> ip.reverseNames()
['0.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.', '1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.', '2.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.', '3.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.']
>>> ip.reverseName()
'0-3.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.'
>>> ip.iptype()
'LOOPBACK'
Supports most IP address formats
It can detect about a dozen different ways of expressing IP addresses and networks, parse them and distinguish between IPv4 and IPv6 addresses:
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/8').version()
4
>>> IP('::1').version()
6
IPv4 addresses
>>> print(IP(0x7f000001))
127.0.0.1
>>> print(IP('0x7f000001'))
127.0.0.1
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1'))
127.0.0.1
>>> print(IP('10'))
10.0.0.0
IPv6 addresses
>>> print(IP('1080:0:0:0:8:800:200C:417A'))
1080::8:800:200c:417a
>>> print(IP('1080::8:800:200C:417A'))
1080::8:800:200c:417a
>>> print(IP('::1'))
::1
>>> print(IP('::13.1.68.3'))
::d01:4403
Network mask and prefixes
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.0/8'))
127.0.0.0/8
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0'))
127.0.0.0/8
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.0-127.255.255.255'))
127.0.0.0/8
Derive network address
IPy can transform an IP address into a network address by applying the given netmask:
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1/255.0.0.0', make_net=True))
127.0.0.0/8
This can also be done for existing IP instances:
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1').make_net('255.0.0.0'))
127.0.0.0/8
Convert address to string
Nearly all class methods which return a string have an optional parameter 'wantprefixlen' which controls if the prefixlen or netmask is printed. Per default the prefilen is always shown if the network contains more than one address:
wantprefixlen == 0 / None don't return anything 1.2.3.0 wantprefixlen == 1 /prefix 1.2.3.0/24 wantprefixlen == 2 /netmask 1.2.3.0/255.255.255.0 wantprefixlen == 3 -lastip 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
You can also change the defaults on an per-object basis by fiddling with the class members:
- NoPrefixForSingleIp
- WantPrefixLen
Examples of string conversions:
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/32').strNormal()
'10.0.0.0'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal()
'10.0.0.0/24'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal(0)
'10.0.0.0'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal(1)
'10.0.0.0/24'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal(2)
'10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal(3)
'10.0.0.0-10.0.0.255'
>>> ip = IP('10.0.0.0')
>>> print(ip)
10.0.0.0
>>> ip.NoPrefixForSingleIp = None
>>> print(ip)
10.0.0.0/32
>>> ip.WantPrefixLen = 3
>>> print(ip)
10.0.0.0-10.0.0.0
Work with multiple networks
Simple addition of neighboring netblocks that can be aggregated will yield
a parent network of both, but more complex range mapping and aggregation
requires is available with the IPSet class which will hold any number of
unique address ranges and will aggregate overlapping ranges.
>>> from IPy import IP, IPSet
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/22') - IP('10.0.2.0/24')
IPSet([IP('10.0.0.0/23'), IP('10.0.3.0/24')])
>>> IPSet([IP('10.0.0.0/23'), IP('10.0.3.0/24'), IP('10.0.2.0/24')])
IPSet([IP('10.0.0.0/22')])
>>> s = IPSet([IP('10.0.0.0/22')])
>>> s.add(IP('192.168.1.0/29'))
>>> s
IPSet([IP('10.0.0.0/22'), IP('192.168.1.0/29')])
>>> s.discard(IP('192.168.1.2'))
>>> s
IPSet([IP('10.0.0.0/22'), IP('192.168.1.0/31'), IP('192.168.1.3'), IP('192.168.1.4/30')])
IPSet supports the set method isdisjoint:
>>> s.isdisjoint(IPSet([IP('192.168.0.0/16')]))
False
>>> s.isdisjoint(IPSet([IP('172.16.0.0/12')]))
True
IPSet supports intersection:
>>> s & IPSet([IP('10.0.0.0/8')])
IPSet([IP('10.0.0.0/22')])
Compatibility and links
IPy 0.83 works on Python version 2.6 - 3.4.
The IP module should work in Python 2.5 as long as the subtraction operation is not used. IPSet requires features of the collecitons class which appear in Python 2.6, though they can be backported.
Eratta
When using IPv6 addresses, it is best to compare using IP().len()
instead of len(IP). Addresses with an integer value > 64 bits can break
the 2nd method. See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15650878 for more
info.
Fuzz testing for IPSet will throw spurious errors when the IPSet module
combines two smaller prefixes into a larger prefix that matches the random
prefix tested against.
This Python module is under BSD license: see COPYING file.
Further Information might be available at: https://github.com/autocracy/python-ipy