This repository contains a random assortment of command line utilities that I have personally written and found very useful.
Calculates the best fractional approximation of a real number. The first argument is the highest denominator to use. The remaining arguments are the values to approximate.
$ approximate 10 3.1415926535
3.1415926535 ≈ 22 / 7 = 3.14285714286
Delta: 0.00126448935714
Error: 0.0402499463364%
$ approximate 100 3.1415926535
3.1415926535 ≈ 311 / 99 = 3.14141414141
Delta: 0.000178512085859
Error: 0.00568221617337%
$ approximate 1000 3.1415926535
3.1415926535 ≈ 355 / 113 = 3.14159292035
Delta: 2.66853982467e-07
Error: 8.49422607891e-06%
Converts integers from one base (binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal, etc.) to another. The first argument is the input base. The second argument is the output base. The remaining arguments are the values to convert.
$ bci 10 16 255 65535 42
FF
FFFF
2A
$ bci 16 10 ff ffff 42
255
65535
66
Like bci, only working on real numbers. (This may be less precise than bci for integer values.)
$ bcr 10 16 3.1415926535
3.243F6A8822E88
$ bcr 16 10 3.243F6A8822E88
3.1415926535000000541231202078051865100860595703125
A calculator with an extensive set of functions and operations. Much easier to use than bc.
$ bec 2 + 2
4
$ bec 0xFF + 25
0x118
$ bec 42*0x42
2772
$ bec [sqrt[2]^sqrt[2]]^sqrt[2]
2.0
$ bec hypot[3,4]
5.0
$ bec toDeg[atan2[2,1]]
63.4349488229
$ bec 1/[1/1+1/2+1/3+1/6]
0.5
$ bec rsr[1,2,3,6] # reciprocal of sum of reciprocals - equivalent to above
0.5
$ bec fact 4
24.0
$ bec avg[6,9,12,17]
11.0
$ bec 0b11001100 :x 0b01010101 # bitwise xor
0b10011001
Prints the canonical file path for every file path given as an argument. Removes symlinks and redundant dots and slashes from the directory path.
$ canonicalize /
/
$ canonicalize /tmp/
/tmp
$ canonicalize /tmp/aprc9YXQU
/private/tmp/aprc9YXQU
$ canonicalize /usr/local/bin/../../local/bin/../bin/canonicalize
/usr/local/bin/canonicalize
$ canonicalize /this/file/does/not/exist
/this/file/does/not/exist
Generates characters.
$ chargen -n 5
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefgh
"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghi
#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghij
$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijk
%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijkl
$ chargen -f A -l Z -n 5
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST
BCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU
CDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV
DEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVW
EFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX
$ chargen -f 0x30 -l 0x39 -o 1 -w 80 -n 1
12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
$ chargen -v
!"#$%&'()*+,-./
0123456789:;<=>?
@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO
PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_
`abcdefghijklmno
pqrstuvwxyz{|}~
$ chargen -f 0x100 -l 0x17F -v -t ' '
Ā ā Ă ă Ą ą Ć ć Ĉ ĉ Ċ ċ Č č Ď ď
Đ đ Ē ē Ĕ ĕ Ė ė Ę ę Ě ě Ĝ ĝ Ğ ğ
Ġ ġ Ģ ģ Ĥ ĥ Ħ ħ Ĩ ĩ Ī ī Ĭ ĭ Į į
İ ı IJ ij Ĵ ĵ Ķ ķ ĸ Ĺ ĺ Ļ ļ Ľ ľ Ŀ
ŀ Ł ł Ń ń Ņ ņ Ň ň ʼn Ŋ ŋ Ō ō Ŏ ŏ
Ő ő Œ œ Ŕ ŕ Ŗ ŗ Ř ř Ś ś Ŝ ŝ Ş ş
Š š Ţ ţ Ť ť Ŧ ŧ Ũ ũ Ū ū Ŭ ŭ Ů ů
Ű ű Ų ų Ŵ ŵ Ŷ ŷ Ÿ Ź ź Ż ż Ž ž ſ
An alias for bci 10 16.
$ dechex 15 255 65535
F
FF
FFFF
ErroR DetectoR and CorrectoR. Compares multiple binary files for bit-for-bit equality. Reports which bits differ and how much of the files differ. Can also output an error-corrected binary file.
$ erdrcr 1.bin 2.bin 3.bin
Address.Mask 0's 1's Correction
00000015.02: 2 1 0
0000001C.08: 1 2 1
2 out of 320 bits mismatched (0.625% error rate)
all errors correctable
$ erdrcr 1.bin 2.bin 3.bin -o 4.bin
Address.Mask 0's 1's Correction
00000015.02: 2 1 0
0000001C.08: 1 2 1
2 out of 320 bits mismatched (0.625% error rate)
all errors correctable
$ erdrcr 1.bin 4.bin
no differences found
$ erdrcr 1.bin trunc.bin
Address.Mask 0's 1's Correction
00000024.20: 1 1 ?
00000024.10: 1 1 ?
00000024.02: 1 1 ?
00000025.20: 1 1 ?
00000025.10: 1 1 ?
00000025.04: 1 1 ?
00000026.20: 1 1 ?
00000026.10: 1 1 ?
00000026.02: 1 1 ?
00000026.01: 1 1 ?
00000027.20: 1 1 ?
00000027.02: 1 1 ?
12 out of 320 bits mismatched (3.75% error rate)
12 out of 320 bits unrecoverable (3.75% error rate)
Calculates the prime factorization of an integer and its divisors, and other related properties.
$ factor 360
360 = 2^3 * 3^2 * 5
360 = 2 * 2 * 2 * 3 * 3 * 5
Divisors: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36, 40, 45, 60, 72, 90, 120, 180, 360
sigma_0(n) = 24
sigma_1(n) = 1170
sigma_1(n)-n = 810
sigma_1(n)-2n = 450
360 is abundant.
Pairs:
1*360 2*180 3*120 4*90 5*72 6*60 8*45 9*40 10*36 12*30 15*24 18*20
Recursively removes write permissions and sets the user immutable flag (also known as the "locked" property of a file under Mac OS X). Useful for creating an unwriteable backup.
An alias for bci 16 10.
$ hexdec f ff ffff
15
255
65535
Connects to a serial port and continually sends stdin to serial input and prints serial output to stdout. (Requires pySerial.)
$ scon /dev/tty.usbmodemfd121 -b 9600 -d 8 -p none -s 1 -r -w 1
!Hello
Hello
^C
$ scon --help
usage: scon [<options>] <device>
-u <path> serial device to read from and write to
-b <int> baud rate
-d <int> data bits (5, 6, 7, 8)
-p <str> parity (none, even, odd, mark, space)
-s <num> stop bits (1, 1.5, 2)
-t <num> timeout (seconds)
-x enable XON/XOFF
-r enable RTS/CTS
-h enable DSR/DTR
-w <num> delay before reading or writing (seconds)
Calculates and divides out the largest common factor / greatest common divisor from a list of integers.
$ simplify 2 4 6 8
GCD: 2
Sim: 1 2 3 4
$ simplify 36 72 96
GCD: 12
Sim: 3 6 8
Recursively clears the user immutable flag (also known as the "locked" property of a file under Mac OS X). A partial reversal of harden.
Reads from a serial port and writes to stdout or a file. (Requires pySerial.)
$ sread -u /dev/tty.usbmodemfa131 -b 9600 -d 8 -p none -s 1 -r -o output.txt -w 1
$ sread --help
usage: sread [<options>] <device> [<output>]
-u <path> serial device to read from
-b <int> baud rate
-d <int> data bits (5, 6, 7, 8)
-p <str> parity (none, even, odd, mark, space)
-s <num> stop bits (1, 1.5, 2)
-t <num> timeout (seconds)
-x enable XON/XOFF
-r enable RTS/CTS
-h enable DSR/DTR
-o <path> path to write to
-w <num> delay before reading (seconds)
-l <int> number of bytes to read
Extracts file paths from svn status lines with the specified statuses. Statuses may be specified in either uppercase or lowercase. ' ', '?', '!', '~' may be specified as 'S', 'Q', 'E', 'T', respectively. 'Z' specifies all possible statuses.
$ svn status
A added/file
D deleted/file
M modified/file
? unversioned/file
! missing/file
$ svn status | ssff m
modified/file
$ svn status | ssff ad
added/file
deleted/file
$ svn status | ssff \?
unversioned/file
$ svn status | ssff q
unversioned/file
$ svn status | ssff \!
missing/file
$ svn status | ssff e
missing/file
$ svn status | ssff z
added/file
deleted/file
modified/file
unversioned/file
missing/file
$ svn diff `svn st | ssff m` # diff modified files, but not added or deleted files
--- modified/file (revision 123)
+++ modified/file (working copy)
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
unmodified line
-removed line
+added line
unmodified line
$ svn add `svn st | ssff q` # add all unversioned files
A unversioned/file
$ svn revert `svn st | ssff m` # revert all modified files
Reverted 'modified/file'
$ svn revert `svn st | ssff e` # restore all missing files
Reverted 'missing/file'
$ svn status
A added/file
D deleted/file
A unversioned/file
Reads from stdin or a file and writes to a serial port. (Requires pySerial.)
$ swrite -u /dev/tty.usbmodemfa131 -b 9600 -d 8 -p none -s 1 -r -i input.txt -w 10
$ swrite --help
usage: swrite [<options>] <device> [<input>]
-u <path> serial device to write to
-b <int> baud rate
-d <int> data bits (5, 6, 7, 8)
-p <str> parity (none, even, odd, mark, space)
-s <num> stop bits (1, 1.5, 2)
-t <num> timeout (seconds)
-x enable XON/XOFF
-r enable RTS/CTS
-h enable DSR/DTR
-i <path> path to read from
-w <num> delay before writing (seconds)
-l <int> number of bytes to write
Generates truth tables for boolean expressions.
$ truthtable a and b
a b | a and b
0 0 | 0
0 1 | 0
1 0 | 0
1 1 | 1
$ truthtable 'X := A&C&D | B&D | ~B&C&~D; Y := A&D | B&C | ~B&D'
A B C D | X Y
0 0 0 0 | 0 0
0 0 0 1 | 0 1
0 0 1 0 | 1 0
0 0 1 1 | 0 1
0 1 0 0 | 0 0
0 1 0 1 | 1 0
0 1 1 0 | 0 1
0 1 1 1 | 1 1
1 0 0 0 | 0 0
1 0 0 1 | 0 1
1 0 1 0 | 1 0
1 0 1 1 | 1 1
1 1 0 0 | 0 0
1 1 0 1 | 1 1
1 1 1 0 | 0 1
1 1 1 1 | 1 1