Constraint-Satisfaction-Problem_Quasigroup_Completion

Quasigroup Completion Problem (QCP)

An order m quasigroup is a Latin square of size m. That is, a m by m multiplication table in which each element occurs once in every row and column. For example,

1        2       3       4
4        1       2       3
3        4       1       2
2        3       4       1

is an order 4 quasigroup. 

Quasigroup Completion Problem asks to complete a quasigroup given some of its entries. For example, partially specified quasigroup

1      0        0       4
0      0        2       0
3      0        1       0
0      3        0       0

could be completed as the first example above.
> Here 0 means slot is empty.We have to fiilup it.That's the task!

Practical application:

  • Dynamic wavelength routing in Fiber Optic Networks can be directly mapped into the Quasigroup Completion Problem.

Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSP)

- How to formulate? V, D, C
- How to solve? Backtracking algorithms

Solving a CSP

  • Simple Backtracking (BT)
  • Forward Checking (FC)
  • Maintaining Arc Consistency (MAC)

Varible ordering heuristics:

  • SDF: Smallest Domain First. The variable chosen is the one with the smallest domain.

  • max-static-degree:The variable chosen is the one with the maximum degree in the original constraint graph.

  • max-dynamic-degree:The variable chosen is the one with the maximum degree to non-assigned variables. Also, called max-forward-degree.

  • brelaz: The variable chosen is the one with the smallest domain.Ties are broken by choosing the variable with smallest domain and maximum forward degree.

  • domdeg: The variable chosen is the one that minimizes the ratio of domain size to degree in the original constraint graph.x

  • domddeg: The variable chosen is the one that minimizes the ratio of domain size to forward degree (i.e.the number of adjacent uninstantiated variables).

  • random: A random (unassigned or uninstantiated) variable is chosen.x

  • IBS: Impact-Based Heuristic. Selects the variable having the largest impact and the value having the smallest impact.

As performance measures:

  • number of consistency checking
  • number of fails