Scientific Data Base
--------------------
# Grant Hutchison
Supplied the correct orientations for the major planets, their moons, and a
number of asteroids and also worked on these data files:
solarsys.ssc, nearstars.stc, extrasolar.ssc, extrasolar.stc, earth_locs.ssc
# Fridger Schrempp
Complete NGC/IC galaxy database + local group galaxies (galaxies.dsc)
Database of globular clusters (globulars.dsc)
Database of visual and spectroscopic binaries (visualbins.stc,
spectbins.stc)
World-capitals.ssc
Asterisms.dat
# Andrew Tribick
Significant update of the star database based on Gaia EDR3 data
(see: https://github.com/ajtribick/celestia-gaia-stardb);
licensed under CC-BY-SA 4.0.
CHARM2 stellar radii (charm2.stc)
Open cluster catalog (openclusters.dsc)
# LukeCEL
Complete update of nearstars.stc
# Thomas Tarrants (Sirius_Alpha)
Updated exoplanet catalogue (extrasolar.stc, extrasolar.ssc)
# Askaniy
Updated location files (https://github.com/Askaniy/CelestiaLocationsMaker)
# SevenSpheres
Substantial additions and improvements to starnames.dat and other data files
Pulsar catalog (https://github.com/SevenSpheres/atnf-pulsars)
Texture maps
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# Askaniy (https://www.deviantart.com/askaniy)
Textures of Phobos, Jupiter, Ganymede, Saturn, Uranus, Puck, Neptune, Triton, Pluto, Charon, and Arrokoth.
Haumea's (fictional) ring texture is by Askaniy.
The Callisto texture were made by Askaniy from JVV's texture.
# FarGetaNik (https://www.deviantart.com/fargetanik)
Stars:
O, B, A star textures derived from SDO images of a Sun without spots
F, G, K star textures derived from SDO images featuring spots
L star texture derived from IR images of the Sun by SDO
White dwarf texture is a grayscale version of the A star texture
Courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
M star texture based on images from the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST),
operated by the Institute for Solar Physics:
https://ttt.astro.su.se/isf/gallery/
The observers for the individual images used are Oddbjorn Engvold, Jun Elin Wiik,
Luc Rouppe van der Voort (Oslo); Dan Kiselman, Mats Löfdahl, Göran Scharmer, Kai Langhans, Mats Löfdahl (ISP)
T star texture derived from a fictional texture by John Van Vliet
Mercury:
Normal map derived from USGS DEM, details improved with a texture reposted by Kexitt.
Surface texture based on USGS color map, gaps filled with larger greyscale map.
Venus:
Normal map derived from USGS DEM.
Surface texture based on John Van Vliet's addon.
Earth:
Surface texture derived from:
https://www.earthstartsbeating.com/2019/01/16/mappamondo/
and improved by the specular map derived from Natural Earth II by Tom Patterson
http://www.shadedrelief.com/natural3/pages/extra.html
Normal map derived from the BMNG datadet.
Cloud Texture from the BMNG dataset
Moon:
Normal map derived from USGS DEM.
Surface texture derived from LRO map posted on the Celestial Matters forum:
http://forum.celestialmatters.org/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=800
Improved with the CGI Moon Kit
https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4720
Mars:
Surface texture based on USGS Viking map, details are from Surveyor data:
http://www.msss.com/mgcwg/mgm/
Color and cloud texture extracted from a map on the NASA photojournal, brightness adjusted with the USGS albedo map.
Normal map derived from USGS DEM.
Ceres:
Texture is a composite of individual color filter maps by NASA, gaps improved by SevenSpheres
Normal map derived from USGS DEM.
Jupiter's rings are derived from spacecraft imagery found on the NASA photojournal.
Io's surface texture is derived from USGS maps and JVV's map.
Saturn's ring texture is a composite of data found on Björn Jónsson's site.
Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Iapetus textures are derived from enhanced color maps by Paul Schenk, found on
the NASA photojounal. Rhea texture is based on an Albedo map by Björn Jónsson, details added from the JPL map.
Tethys and Dione normal maps are derived from models by Rob Gaskell.
Hyperion & Phoebe:
Textures derieved from a texture by JVV
Uranus & Neptune's rings are composites of transparency data and Voyager imagery.
Miranda:
Texture by Robin Charles Gilbert and shading reduced with the normal map:
http://www.robingilbert.com/blog/2017-08-20-atlas-of-miranda/
Normal map derived from a DEM by Paul Schenk
Pluto and Charon normal maps derived from the USGS DEMs.
Vesta:
Texture is a composite of individual color filter maps, gaps filled with a shaded texture improved by a normal map
made from topography data by USGS.
https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/
# The Europa texture is by John van Vliet.
Other textures derived from work by JVV are listed above.
# Snowfall-The-Cat (https://www.deviantart.com/snowfall-the-cat)
Textures of Larissa (based on Phil Stooke's map) and Proteus.
# Grant Hutchison
The Eros map is a shaded relief generated from the NEAR laser rangefinder.
# Phil Stooke
Janus, Prometheus and Epimetheus maps are from Phil Stooke.
The Ida and Gaspra photomosaic maps are by Phil Stooke.
The Deimos map is from:
Stooke. P., Stooke Small Bodies Maps V3.0. MULTI-SA-MULTI-6-STOOKEMAPS-V3.0. NASA Planetary Data System, 2015.
https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/multi_mission/MULTI_SA_MULTI_6_STOOKEMAPS_V3_0/document/00_map_guide.html
# Venus's clouds are from Björn Jónsson, recolored by FarGetaNik.
# The textures for the Uranian satellites were created by Ivan Rivera from JPL
data. His Celestia page is: http://bruckner.homelinux.net/celestia.html
# Amalthea is a shaded relief map by Phil Stooke, colored by Wm. Robert Johnston
(http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/spaceart/cylmaps.html), and further modified
by Jens Meyer, Grant Hutchison, and Askaniy.
# Earth's night texture created by FarGetaNik from the BMNG dataset and colored
with a night texture by JVV, posted on the Celestia forum:
http://celestiaproject.space/forum/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=17477
and further improved by nussun based on a NASA Earth Observatory image:
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/NightLights/page3.php
# Titan's surface texture is a composite of Cassini ISS and Radar maps from USGS,
created by FarGetaNik and further modified by Askaniy. Titan's specular texture
is by Askaniy. Titan's cloud texture is by Fridger Schrempp, based on resources
available from the imaging site (Ciclops) of the Cassini mission http://ciclops.org/
# Chariklo's ring texture is by Zemlyanin.
# The exoplanet textures (exo-classN and venuslike) and the asteroid.jpg
texture were created by cubicApocalypse, licensed under CC-BY 4.0.
# The icymoon.jpg texture was created by trappistplanets based on an image of Methone.
Note on content from JPL
------------------------
Some content in Celestia, including texture maps and models, comes from JPL
websites. That content is subject to the JPL Image Use Policy, a copy of which
appears below (as captured on 2020-July-13). The latest version of this policy
can be found at https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/imagepolicy/. Also refer to
https://space.jpl.nasa.gov/faq.html for clarity on how textures/models are
covered.
# JPL Image Use Policy
# Unless otherwise noted, images and video on JPL public web sites (public
# sites ending with a jpl.nasa.gov address) may be used for any purpose
# without prior permission, subject to the special cases noted below.
# Publishers who wish to have authorization may print this page and
# retain it for their records; JPL does not issue image permissions on an
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#
# By electing to download the material from this web site the user agrees:
# 1. that Caltech makes no representations or warranties with respect to
# ownership of copyrights in the images, and does not represent others who
# may claim to be authors or owners of copyright of any of the images, and
# makes no warranties as to the quality of the images. Caltech shall not be
# responsible for any loss or expenses resulting from the use of the images,
# and you release and hold Caltech harmless from all liability arising from
# such use.
#
# 2. to use a credit line in connection with images. Unless otherwise noted
# in the caption information for an image, the credit line should be
# "Courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech."
#
# 3. that the endorsement of any product or service by Caltech, JPL or NASA
# must not be claimed or implied.
#
# Special Cases:
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# (the blue "meatball" insignia), the NASA logotype (the red "worm" logo)
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# telephone (202) 358-1713, fax (202) 358-4331, email bert.ulrich@hq.nasa.gov.
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# * Prior written approval must be obtained to use the JPL logo (stylized JPL
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# instcomm@jpl.nasa.gov.
#
# * If an image includes an identifiable person, using the image for
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# For more information, consult the NASA and JPL points of contact listed above.
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# * JPL/Caltech contractors and vendors who wish to use JPL images in
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# Institutional Communications Office, email instcomm@jpl.nasa.gov.
#
# * Some image and video materials on JPL public web sites are owned by
# organizations other than JPL or NASA. These owners have agreed to make their
# images and video available for journalistic, educational and personal uses,
# but restrictions are placed on commercial uses. To obtain permission for
# commercial use, contact the copyright owner listed in each image caption.
# Ownership of images and video by parties other than JPL and NASA is noted in
# the caption material with each image.
3D Models
---------
# New space bodies models can be found in Greg Frieger's 3D Asteroid Catalogue:
https://space.frieger.com/asteroids/
The individual models are from various sources, listed individually.
# The Galileo spacecraft model is by FarGetaNik, based on the NASA model:
https://nasa3d.arc.nasa.gov/detail/jpl-vtad-galileo
The model of Galileo's probe is by Snowfall, originally from here:
http://www.celestiamotherlode.net/addon/addon_1644.html
# Models of Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Odyssey were created by Shrox:
http://www.shrox.com/
They are included under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
License (CC BY 4.0):
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
# The Cassini and Huygens models are by Jack Higgins:
http://homepage.eircom.net/~jackcelestia/
# The 3D model of ISS is a deconstruction of Andrew Farnaby's
complete ISS model with textures by Bob Hundley. The model
represents the ISS as of June 2008 and is a modification of
the model that can be found here:
http://www.celestiamotherlode.net/catalog/show_addon_details.php?addon_id=1199
ISS model of June 2008 (with Kibo) by krisci3 (modified and
converted in order to work with JPG by Ulrich Dickmann, a.k.a.
Adirondack)
# 3D asteroid models of Toutatis, Kleopatra, Geographos, 1998 KY26, Bacchus,
Castalia and Golevka are courtesy of Scott Hudson, Washington State
University. Originally found here:
http://users.tricity.wsu.edu/~hudson/Research/Asteroids/index.htm
On August 20, 2020, Scott Hudson waived the commercial use restrictions on
these models, permitting unrestricted use of them.
# Models of Phobos and Deimos are from Ernst et al. 2023:
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01814-7
(available at https://sbmt.jhuapl.edu/shared-files/)
# The Mimas and Phoebe models are by Rob Gaskell:
https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/mimasshape.html
https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/phoebeshape.html
# 3D models of Amalthea, Thebe, Larissa, Proteus, Vesta, Ida, Gaspra and Halley
are derived from Phil Stooke's Cartography of Non-Spherical Worlds.
https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/stkshape.html
# Models of Pan, Daphnis, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Epimetheus, Janus,
Telesto, Calypso, Helene, and Hyperion are from:
https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/saturnsatshapes.html
# The Vesta model is from:
https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/dawn/dwnvfcshape.html
# The 3D model of Eros was prepared from the NEAR laser rangefinder shape model.
# The Puck model is by Askaniy.
# The Hydra model is by LukeCEL.
# The Arrokoth model was converted to cmod from the Spencer et al. 2020 model:
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11485443
# The Psyche model is from Shepard et al. 2021: https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/abfdba
# Models of asteroids Pallas, Juno, Iris, Hygiea, Eugenia, Sylvia, Elektra,
Kleopatra, and Interamnia are based on VLT/SPHERE imaging:
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141781
The original models are available here:
https://observations.lam.fr/astero/