TitanLi/django

django

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/intro/tutorial01/

HttpRequest

Database

環境準備

$ brew install python3
$ pip3 install virtualenv
$ virtualenv env
$ . env/bin/activate
$ pip3 install django
$ python3 -m django --version

create project

$ django-admin startproject PROJECT-NAME

create app

$ cd PROJECT-NAME
$ python manage.py startapp APP-NAME

Install MySQL on MacOS

1. Docker run container :

$ docker run --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=password -d mysql

2. Mac Install MySQL Client :

$ brew install mysql --client-only --universal

mac MySQL Client UI install : https://www.mysql.com/products/workbench/

Setting workbench : export PATH=$PATH:/Applications/MySQLWorkbench.app/Contents/MacOS

3. Connect to MySQL server :

$ mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p

4. MySQL container setting :

$ docker exec -ti 8 bash
# mysql -uroot -ppassword
mysql> ALTER USER root IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';
mysql> create database test;

connect mySQL

$ vim PROJECT-NAME/settings.py
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'mydatabase',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': 'password',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '3306',
        # 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

mac OS

brew install mysql-client

mysql-client is not on the PATH by default

export PATH="/usr/local/opt/mysql-client/bin:$PATH"

openssl is not on the link path by default

export LIBRARY_PATH="$LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/"

pip3 install mysqlclient

初始化

須先建立database(mydatabase)

$ python manage.py migrate

write view

$ vim APP-NAME/views.py

from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello world")

create URLconf file(urls.py)

$ vim APP-NAME/URLconf_name.py
from django.urls import path

from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index, name='index'),
]

set my app to project/urls

import django.urls.include

URLconf_name => urls

$ vim ProjectName/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path('SET-URL/', include('APP-NAME.URLconf_name')),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

run server

$ python manage.py runserver

Creating models

$ vim APP-NAME/models.py

from django.db import models

class Question(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')


class Choice(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

Activating models

PROJECT-NAME => mysite

APP-NAME => polls

polls.apps.PollsConfig

PollsConfig在polls/apps.py檔案中可找到

$ mysite/settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'polls.apps.PollsConfig',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

透過makemigrations告訴Django您已對模型進行了一些更改

APP-NAME => polls

# 完成後會產生polls/migrations/0001_initial.py
$ python manage.py makemigrations polls

檢查遷移用的SQL

APP-NAME => polls

# 會產生方便閱讀的SQL
$ python manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001

檢查Project是否有問題

$ python manage.py check

在Database建立模型

$ python manage.py migrate

進行資料表修改只需以下步驟

1. Change your models (in models.py).
2. Run python manage.py makemigrations to create migrations for those changes
3. Run python manage.py migrate to apply those changes to the database.

可透過Python shell 操作Database

Python shell：https://github.com/TitanLi/django/blob/master/database/README.md

建立管理員用戶：https://github.com/TitanLi/django/blob/master/createsuperuser/createsuperuser.md

可透過Web更新資料庫

編輯APP-NAME/admin.py

from django.contrib import admin

from .models import CLASS-NAME

admin.site.register(CLASS-NAME)

http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/