DevOps Interview Questions and Answers
Curious what are the differences between continuous integration, continuous delivery, and continuous deployment? Find your answers in that ultimate continuous integration and DevOps Interview Questions and Answers list and never fail your next CI/CD interview.
You could also find all the answers here 👉 https://www.fullstack.cafe/DevOps.
Q1: What is the need for DevOps? ⭐
Answer:
Nowadays instead of releasing big sets of features, companies are trying to see if small features can be transported to their customers through a series of release trains. This has many advantages like quick feedback from customers, better quality of software etc. which in turn leads to high customer satisfaction. To achieve this, companies are required to:
- Increase deployment frequency
- Lower failure rate of new releases
- Shortened lead time between fixes
- Faster mean time to recovery in the event of new release crashing
DevOps fulfills all these requirements and helps in achieving seamless software delivery.
🔗 Source: edureka.co
Q2: What is the most important thing DevOps helps us achieve? ⭐
Answer:
The most important thing that DevOps helps us achieve is to get the changes into production as quickly as possible while minimising risks in software quality assurance and compliance. This is the primary objective of DevOps.
🔗 Source: edureka.co
Q3: What is meant by Continuous Integration? ⭐
Answer:
Continuous Integration (CI) is a development practice that requires developers to integrate code into a shared repository several times a day. Each check-in is then verified by an automated build, allowing teams to detect problems early.
🔗 Source: edureka.co
Q4: Explain what is DevOps ? ⭐
Answer:
DevOps is a newly emerging term in IT field, which is nothing but a practice that emphasizes the collaboration and communication of both software developers and other information-technology (IT) professionals. It focuses on delivering software product faster and lowering the failure rate of releases.
🔗 Source: quora.com
Q5: Are you more Dev or Ops? ⭐
Answer:
What the interview means is do you do more sysadmin work, or do you spend a lot of time working with developers on coding?
🔗 Source: vminstall.com
Q6: How is DevOps different from Agile/SDLC? ⭐⭐
Answer:
- Agile software development methodology focuses on the development of software.
- DevOps on the other hand is responsible for development as well as deployment of the software in the safest and most reliable way possible.
🔗 Source: edureka.co
Q7: Which are the top DevOps tools? Which tools have you worked on? ⭐⭐
Answer:
The most popular DevOps tools are:
- Git: Version Control System tool
- Jenkins: Continuous Integration tool
- Selenium: Continuous Testing tool
- Puppet, Chef, Ansible: Configuration Management and Deployment tools
- Nagios: Continuous Monitoring tool
- Docker: Containerization tool
🔗 Source: edureka.co
Q8: What are the advantages of DevOps? ⭐⭐
Answer:
Technical benefits:
- Continuous software delivery
- Less complex problems to fix
- Faster resolution of problems
Business benefits:
- Faster delivery of features
- More stable operating environments
- More time available to add value (rather than fix/maintain)
🔗 Source: edureka.co
Q9: What are the success factors for Continuous Integration? ⭐⭐
Answer:
- Maintain a code repository
- Automate the build
- Make the build self-testing
- Everyone commits to the baseline every day
- Every commit (to baseline) should be built
- Keep the build fast
- Test in a clone of the production environment
- Make it easy to get the latest deliverables
- Everyone can see the results of the latest build
- Automate deployment
🔗 Source: edureka.co
Q10: How have you handled failed deployments? ⭐⭐
Answer:
🔗 Source: logz.io
Q11: Why is Continuous monitoring necessary? ⭐⭐
Answer:
Continuous Monitoring allows timely identification of problems or weaknesses and quick corrective action that helps reduce expenses of an organization. Continuous monitoring provides solution that addresses three operational disciplines known as:
- continuous audit
- continuous controls monitoring
- continuous transaction inspection
🔗 Source: quora.com
Q12: Mention what are the key aspects or principle behind DevOps? ⭐⭐
Answer:
The key aspects or principle behind DevOps are:
- Infrastructure as code
- Continuous deployment
- Automation
- Monitoring
- Security
🔗 Source: quora.com
Q13: Can we consider DevOps as an Agile methodology? ⭐⭐
Answer:
DevOps is a movement to reconcile and synchronize development and production start through a set of good practices . Its emergence is motivated by a deep changing demands of business, who want to speed up the changes to stick closer to the requirements of business and the customer.
🔗 Source: linoxide.com
Q14: What is DevOps engineer's duty with regards to Agile development? ⭐⭐
Answer:
DevOps engineer work very closely with Agile development teams to ensure they have an environment necessary to support functions such as automated testing, continuous Integration and continuous Delivery. DevOps engineer must be in constant contact with the developers and make all required parts of environment work seamlessly.
🔗 Source: linoxide.com
Q15: What does Containerization mean? ⭐⭐
Answer:
Containerisation is a type of virtualization strategy that emerged as an alternative to traditional hypervisor-based virtualization.
In containerization, the operating system is shared by the different containers rather than cloned for each virtual machine. For example Docker provides a container virtualization platform that serves as a good alternative to hypervisor-based arrangements.
🔗 Source: linoxide.com
Q16: What is the function of CI (Continuous Integration) server? ⭐⭐
Answer:
CI server function is to continuously integrate all changes being made and committed to repository by different developers and check for compile errors. It needs to build code several times a day, preferably after every commit so it can detect which commit made the breakage if the breakage happens.
🔗 Source: linoxide.com
Q17: What is the role of a configuration management tool in DevOps? ⭐⭐
Answer:
Configuration Management tools' purpose is to automatize deployment and configuration of software on big number of servers. Most CM tools usually use agent architecture which means that every machine being manged needs to have agent installed.
One tool that uses agentless architecture is Ansible. It only requires SSH and Python. And if raw module is being used, not even Python is required because it can run raw bash commands. Other available and popular CM tools are Puppet, Chef, SaltStack.
🔗 Source: linoxide.com
Q18: What is post mortem meetings? ⭐⭐
Answer:
Post mortem meeting is a meeting where we discuss what went wrong and what steps should be taken so that failure doesn't happen again. Post mortem meetings are not about finding the one to be blamed, they are for preventing outages from reoccurring and planing redesign of the infrastructure so that downtime can be minimised. It is about learning from mistakes.
🔗 Source: linoxide.com
Q19: What's the next thing you would automate in your current workflow? ⭐⭐
Answer:
🔗 Source: github.com
Q20: Explain Blue-Green Deployment Technique ⭐⭐⭐
See 👉 Answer
Q21: What's the difference between a blue/green deployment and a rolling deployment? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q22: How do all DevOps tools work together? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q23: What are the differences between continuous integration, continuous delivery, and continuous deployment? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q24: If something breaks in production, how do you know about it? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q25: What is Chef? ⭐⭐⭐
See 👉 Answer
Q26: How would you assess how “deployable” a system is? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q27: How would you prepare for a migration from one platform to another? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q28: Tell me about the worst-run/best-run outage you’ve been a part of. What made it bad/well-run? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q29: How would you make key aspects of a software system traceable? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q30: What is the difference between resource allocation and resource provisioning? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q31: Classify Cloud Platforms by category ⭐⭐⭐
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Q32: What do you know about serverless model? ⭐⭐⭐
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Q33: Explain a use case for Docker ⭐⭐⭐
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Q34: How would you deploy software to 5000 nodes? ⭐⭐⭐⭐
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Q35: How is container different from a virtual machine? ⭐⭐⭐⭐
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Q36: What is Vagrant and what is it used for? ⭐⭐⭐⭐
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Q37: What is Continuous Monitoring? ⭐⭐⭐⭐
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Q38: How would you introduce Continuous Delivery in a successful, huge company for which the change from Waterfall to Continuous Delivery would be not trivial, because of the size and complexity of the business? ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
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Q39: What is Canary Releasing? ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
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