Investigation of historical cases of earthquakes (EQ) being induced at critical infrastructures, such as geothermal plants. Occurrence of a severe earthquake at the plant (during development or operational phase) can be categorised as a critical infrastructure failure (CF).
Review of the underground seismic response to past underground stimulation projects aimed at creating, or enhancing, a geothermal reservoir. Induced earthquake hazard is characterised by the overall seismic activity a_fb that is normalised by the injected fluid volume V and the parameter b of the Gutenberg-Richter law.
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data_geothermal_undergroundfeedback_v1.csv
: Dataset of seismic response parameters at 38 geothermal sites, believed to be a comprehensive review of geothermal fluid stimulations between 1977 and 2018. Corresponds to Table 1 of Mignan et al. (2021). Attributes:ID
: stimulation identifier,site
: site name,V_m3
: total injected fluid volume in m3,dV_LperSec
: mean injection rate in L/s,N_above_m0
: number of earthquakes above m0,m0
: minimum magnitude,mmax
: maximum observed magnitude,afb
: a-value of the Gutenberg-Richter law normalised by V (underground feedback),b
: b-value of the Gutenberg-Richter law,category
: data quality level for data mining,comment_N
: if N for stimulation phase only, or including post-injection,comment_m0
: minimum observed magnitude or completeness magnitude mc. Details about data sources given in Appendix A of Mignan et al. (2021). -
data_geothermal_undergroundfeedback_v1_dataminingresult.csv
: Same table as above but with a_fb calculated where missing, following the data mining approach of Mignan et al. (2021). Generated with the jupyter notebook. Additional attributes areb_nogap
: b imputed by mean,N_nogap
: N(m0) = 1 form0_nogap
: inferred from mmax,afb_all
: afb estimated when missing (preferred value),afb_corr
: afb corrected for potential ambiguity in the literature (for completeness but highly uncertain). -
notebook_geothermal_undergroundfeedback.ipynb
: Data mining from the dataset of seismic response parametersdata_geothermal_undergroundfeedback_v1.csv
to expand the set of a_fb values, following the method of Mignan et al. (2021). Resulting table given indata_geothermal_undergroundfeedback_v1_dataminingresult.csv
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Mignan A, Broccardo M, Wang Z (2021), Comprehensive Survey of Seismic Hazard at Geothermal Sites by a Meta-Analysis of the Underground Feedback Activation Parameter afb. Energies, 14, 7998, doi: 10.3390/en14237998