zval type
typedef struct _zval_struct {
zvalue_value value;
zend_uint refcount;
zend_uchar type;
zend_uchar is_ref;
} zval;
typedef union _zvalue_value {
long lval;
double dval;
struct {
char *val;
int len;
} str;
HashTable *ht;
zend_object_value obj;
} zvalue_value;
IS_NULL
IS_BOOL
IS_LONG
IS_DOUBLE
IS_STRING
IS_ARRAY
IS_OBJECT
IS_RESOURCE
Zend Macros
//类似foreach的macros
ZEND_HASH_FOREACH_KEY_VAL(HashTable *ht, zend_ulong num_key, zend_string* string_key, zval* value){
}ZEND_HASH_FOREACH_END();
Z_TYPE_P(zval*) //zval type
Z_TYPE_PP(zval**) //zval type
MAKE_STD_ZVAL(zval*) //这个宏会用内核的方式来申请一块内存并将其地址付给pzv，并初始化它的refcount和is_ref连个属性，更棒的是，它不但会自动的处理内存不足问题，还会在内存中选个最优的位置来申请。
Z_LVAL_P(zval*) //zval long value
Z_LVAL_PP(zval**) //zval long value
Z_STRLEN_P(zval*)
//zend_string init php7
zend_string* zend_string_init(char *, int strLen, 0);
zend_string_release(zend_string *);
zend_string* zval_get_string(zval*);
struct _zend_string {
zend_refcounted_h gc; /*gc信息*/
zend_ulong h; /* hash value */
size_t len; /*字符串长度*/
char val[1]; /*字符串起始地址*/
};
#define ZSTR_VAL(zstr) (zstr)->val
#define ZSTR_LEN(zstr) (zstr)->len
#define ZSTR_H(zstr) (zstr)->h
#define ZSTR_HASH(zstr) zend_string_hash_val(zstr)
RETVAL_NULL() //set return_value null, but not return control to the calling scope
RETVAL_BOOL(bval)
RETVAL_TRUE
RETVAL_FALSE
RETVAL_LONG(lval)
RETVAL_DOUBLE(dval)
RETVAL_STRING(str, dup)
RETVAL_STRINGL(str,len,dup)
RETVAL_RESOURCE(rval)
ZVAL_NULL(zval* return_value) //set return_value null
ZVAL_BOOL(zval* return_value, bval)
ZVAL_TRUE(zval* return_value)
ZVAL_FALSE(zval* return_value)
ZVAL_LONG(zval* return_value, lval)
ZVAL_DOUBLE(zval* return_value, dval)
ZVAL_STRING(zval* return_value, str, dup)
ZVAL_STRINGL(zval* return_value, str, len, dup)
ZVAL_RESOURCE(zval* return_value, rval)
#define RETURN_RESOURCE(l) { RETVAL_RESOURCE(l); return; } //set return_value and return immediately
#define RETURN_BOOL(b) { RETVAL_BOOL(b); return; }
#define RETURN_NULL() { RETVAL_NULL(); return;}
#define RETURN_LONG(l) { RETVAL_LONG(l); return; }
#define RETURN_DOUBLE(d) { RETVAL_DOUBLE(d); return; }
#define RETURN_STRING(s, duplicate) { RETVAL_STRING(s, duplicate); return; }
#define RETURN_STRINGL(s, l, duplicate) { RETVAL_STRINGL(s, l, duplicate); return; }
#define RETURN_EMPTY_STRING() { RETVAL_EMPTY_STRING(); return; }
#define RETURN_ZVAL(zv, copy, dtor) { RETVAL_ZVAL(zv, copy, dtor); return; }
#define RETURN_FALSE { RETVAL_FALSE; return; }
#define RETURN_TRUE { RETVAL_TRUE; return; }
php_printf
long foo=88;
php_printf("The integer value of the parameter you passed is: %ld\n", foo);
PHPWRITE(char* name, int name_len)
Zend Hash API
int zend_hash_init(HashTable *ht, uint nSize, hash_func_t pHashFunction,
dtor_func_t pDestructor, zend_bool persistent)
int zend_hash_add(HashTable *ht, char *arKey, uint nKeyLen, void **pData, uint nDataSize, void *pDest);
int zend_hash_update(HashTable *ht, char *arKey, uint nKeyLen, void *pData, uint nDataSize, void **pDest);
int zend_hash_index_update(HashTable *ht, ulong h, void *pData, uint nDataSize, void **pDest);
int zend_hash_next_index_insert(HashTable *ht, void *pData, uint nDataSize, void **pDest);
ulong nextid = zend_hash_next_free_element(HashTable *ht);
//they return 1 to indicate that the requested key/index exists or 0 to indicate absence
int zend_hash_exists(HashTable *ht, char *arKey, uint nKeyLen);
int zend_hash_index_exists(HashTable *ht, ulong h);
//they return SUCCESS to indicate that the requested key/index exists or FAILURE to indicate FAIL
zval* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_hash_find(const HashTable *ht, zend_string *key)
int zend_hash_index_find(HashTable *ht, ulong h, void **pData);
examples:
{
HashTable *ht,
sample_data *data1;
sample_data *data2;
ulong targetID = zend_hash_next_free_element(ht);
if (zend_hash_index_update(ht, targetID,
data1, sizeof(sample_data), NULL) == FAILURE) {
/* Should never happen */
return;
}
if(zend_hash_index_find(ht, targetID, (void **)&data2) == FAILURE) {
/* Very unlikely since we just added this element */
return;
}
}
//Quick Population and Recall
ulong zend_get_hash_value(char *arKey, uint nKeyLen); //get hashval
int zend_hash_quick_add(HashTable *ht, char *arKey, uint nKeyLen, ulong hashval, void *pData, uint nDataSize, void **pDest);
int zend_hash_quick_update(HashTable *ht, char *arKey, uint nKeyLen, ulong hashval,
void *pData, uint nDataSize, void **pDest);
int zend_hash_quick_find(HashTable *ht, char *arKey, uint nKeyLen, ulong hashval, void **pData);
int zend_hash_quick_exists(HashTable *ht, char *arKey, uint nKeyLen, ulong hashval);
Array Api
array_init(zval *arrval)
add_assoc_null(zval *aval, char *key);
add_assoc_bool(zval *aval, char *key, zend_bool bval);
add_assoc_long(zval *aval, char *key, long lval);
add_assoc_double(zval *aval, char *key, double dval);
add_assoc_string(zval *aval, char *key, char *strval, int dup);
add_assoc_stringl(zval *aval, char *key,
char *strval, uint strlen, int dup);
add_assoc_zval(zval *aval, char *key, zval *value);
add_next_index_long(zval*, long);
add_index_zval(zval *zval, ulong index, zval *value);
zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "s", &arg, &arg_len)
Type Modifier Meaning
'|' Optional parameters follow. When this is specified, all previous parameters are considered required and all subsequent parameters are considered optional.
'!' If a NULL is passed for the parameter corresponding to the preceding argument specifier, the internal variable provided will be set to an actual NULL pointer as opposed to an IS_NULL zval.
'/' If the parameter corresponding to the preceding argument specifier is in a copy-on-write reference set, it will be automatically separated into a new zval with is_ref==0, and refcount==1.
first-arg:
an int representing the number of arguments actually
passed to the function
second-arg:
b Boolean; zend_bool
l Integer; long
d Floating point; double
s String ;char*, int
r Resource; zval*
a Array; zval*
o Object instance; zval*
O Object instance of a specified type; zval*, zend_class_entry*
z Non-specific zval; zval*
Z Dereferenced non-specific zval; zval**
example:
long type parameter:
{
long foo;
if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "l", &foo) == FAILURE) {
RETURN_NULL();
}
php_printf("The integer value of the parameter you passed is: %ld\n", foo);
RETURN_TRUE;
}
char
{
char *name;
int name_len;
if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "s", &name, &name_len) == FAILURE) {
RETURN_NULL();
}
php_printf("Hello ");
PHPWRITE(name, name_len);
php_printf("!\n");
}
serveral parameters
{
char *name;
int name_len;
char *greeting;
int greeting_len;
if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "ss", &name, &name_len, &greeting, &greeting_len) == FAILURE) {
RETURN_NULL();
}
php_printf("Hello ");
PHPWRITE(greeting, greeting_len);
php_printf(" ");
PHPWRITE(name, name_len);
php_printf("!\n");
}
Optional Parameters
{
char *name;
int name_len;
char *greeting = "Mr./Mrs.";
int greeting_len = sizeof("Mr./Mrs.") - 1;
if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "s|s", &name, &name_len, &greeting, &greeting_len) == FAILURE) {
RETURN_NULL();
}
php_printf("Hello ");
PHPWRITE(greeting, greeting_len);
php_printf(" ");
PHPWRITE(name, name_len);
php_printf("!\n");
}