A formatted output conversion C program completed as part of the low-level programming and advanced data structures. The program is a pseudo- recreation of the C standard library function, printf.
The function _printf writes output to standard output. The function writes the output under the control of a format string that specifies how subsequent arguments (accessed via the variable-length argument facilities of stdarg) are converted for output.
Upon successful return, _printf returns the number of characters printed (excluding the terminating null byte used to end output to strings). If an output error is encountered, the function returns -1.
The format string argument is a constant character string composed of zero or more directives: ordinary characters (not %) which are copied unchanged to the output stream; and conversion specifications, each of which results in fetching zero or more subsequent arguments. Conversion specification is introduced by the character % and ends with a conversion specifier. The arguments must correspond with the conversion specifier, and are used in the order given.
The conversion specifier (introduced by the character %) is a character that specifies the type of conversion to be applied. The conversion specifiers and their meaning are:
- d, i
The int argument is converted to signed decimal notation.
- b
The unsigned int argument is converted to signed decimal notation.
- o, u, x, X
The unsigned int argument is converted to unsigned octal (o), unsigned decimal (u), or unsigned hexadecimal (x and X). The letters abcdef are used for x conversions and the letters ABCDEF are used for X conversions.
- c
The int argument is converted to an unsigned char.
- s
The const char * argument is expected to be a pointer to a character array (aka. pointer to a string). Characters from the array are written starting from the first element of the array and ending at, but not including, the terminating null byte (\0).
- S
Identical to the s conversion specifier, except any non-printable characters in the array (ie. characters with an ASCII value < 32 or >= 127) are written as \x followed by the ASCII code value in hexadecimal (upper case, two characters).
- r
Identical to the s conversion specifier, except characters from the array are written in reverse, starting from, but not including, the terminating null byte (\0) and ending at the first element of the array.
- R
Identical to the s conversion specifier, except each character of the array is converted to its corresponding character in ROT13 before being written.
- p
The address of the argument is written. The address is written in hexadecimal with a leading 0x.
- %
A % is written. No argument is converted. The complete conversion specification is %%.
- Abdennebi Bamansour <bamansour1978> - Alx software engineering student
- oussama el aouzari <oussama el aouzari> - Alx software engineering student