This repository hosts data and scripts used to build the energy-water system model of Central Asia, used for the analysis by Zakeri et al., (2022). This model is built using MESSAGEix, an open-source energy systems optimization framework, which has been long used for national, regional, and global integrated assessment and energy planning. For more information about the modeling tool, please see MESSAGEix documentation.
The purpose of this Github project is to share the model and data openly with interested users with the hope that this can be useful for their analysis, further development of the model, and/or receiving feedback. Please use Github features "issues" and "pull-requests" directly, if you want to suggest improvements in the code and update of data. For other matters please contact (zakeri@iiasa.ac.at).
- Please read the publication to learn about the proposed solution and the model structure and assumptions.
- If you are interested in the data, please check the folder of data in this project (see more details in Section "How to check the input data?" below).
- If you are interested in building an energy systems model of the Central Asia region, please use the scripts and data in this project (see Section "How to build a water-energy model for Central Asia?" below).
The Central Asia model is a multi-node energy-water system representing five countries in the region, i.e., Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, as seperate model regions. These countries are interconnected through electricity transmission lines and water rivers.
The energy-water model presented here include the following sub-systems and sectors:
- Fossil fuel extraction, upstream supply, refineries, and T&D
- External energy trade links, e.g., oil export and import with the rest of the world
- Renewable energy potentials, technologies, and different quality grades
- Full power system model, including generation, T&D, balancing, and ancillary service needs
- Electricity demand in buildings and the industry separately
- Transboundary water river flows, upstream water flow, hydropower dams, spillage, and downstream water demand
- Flexibility, curtailment, and balancing needs related to variable renewable energy (wind and solar)
The model is built based on standard model structure of IIASA's MESSAGEix-GLOBIOM. Hence, more information on the structure of the model can be found here.
This project analyzes the role of long duration storage in resolving tarsnboundary water and energy conflicts in Central Asia. The analysis combines a bottom-up GIS-based data of potential sites for building seasonal pumped hydropower storage (SPHS) with a system-level water-energy optimization model. We use the data of SPHS sites in Central Asia from a global analysis by Hunt el al. 2020. This global dataset is freely available as a map showing different sites and their estimated costs (see this link). The energy-water system model is then used to analyze the role of SPHS compared to other alternatives in future high renewable scenarios in the region.
| Figure 1: Map of seasonal pumped hydropower storage projects in Central Asia |
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| For more details on color codes and project sites, please refer to this map. |
You can find all the data used for building this model under the folder "data". There is a complete version of data for modeling, and a shorter version for policy makers (labeled as "summary"). Please check the "definition" file before working with each dataset. While values are the same in the two Excel data files, the units are slightly different. For example, the unit of energy in the model data is GWa (Gigawatt-annum, equal to 8.76 TWh), as this is easier for the model parameterization. However, this unit is TWh for electricity and PJ for other energy carriers in the data presented for policy makers, as these are more familiar units in national energy balances and statistics.
In this repository, there are data and scripts that can help you for:
- Building the water-energy model of Central Asia (see tutorial for Baseline) by using the data stored here.
- Model renewable energy policies in the region (see tutorial for Renewables).
- Model the functionality of seasonal pumped hydropower storage (SPHS) in the region (see tutorial for Pumpedhydro).
- Represent carbon emissions targets in the region (see here).
- Analyze and visualize the scenarios mentioned above, and other scenarios that interest you.
Please go through the tutorials with the order mentioned above. These tutorials are designed for those familiar with the MESSAGEix model. If you have recently started using MESSAGEix, please make yourself familiar with MESSAGEix tutorials, which are excellent examples for getting started.
Copyright © 2018–2022 IIASA Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE) Program
The Central Asia model, including scripts and data is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 ("The License); you can use the files in this repository freely only in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. In addition, you can cite the related publication when you use the model, scripts, and data in scientific work. You can extend the model, modify it for your own needs, and/or use data as you consider useful, as far as you cite the original reference properly.
A proper citation is as follows:
Zakeri, B., Hunt, J.D., Laldjebaev, M., Krey, V., Vinca, A., Parkinson, S., Riahi, K. (2022). Role of energy storage in energy and water security in Central Asia. Journal of Energy Storage, DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2022.104587.
Please contact us if you have any questions or comments, either through Github or (zakeri@iiasa.ac.at).