Rails::Observers

Rails Observers (removed from core in Rails 4.0)

Installation

Add this line to your application's Gemfile:

gem 'rails-observers'

And then execute:

$ bundle

Or install it yourself as:

$ gem install rails-observers

Usage

This gem contains two observers:

Active Record Observer
Action Controller Sweeper

Active Record Observer

Observer classes respond to life cycle callbacks to implement trigger-like behavior outside the original class. This is a great way to reduce the clutter that normally comes when the model class is burdened with functionality that doesn't pertain to the core responsibility of the class. Example:

class CommentObserver < ActiveRecord::Observer
  def after_save(comment)
    Notifications.comment("admin@do.com", "New comment was posted", comment).deliver
  end
end

This Observer sends an email when a Comment#save is finished.

class ContactObserver < ActiveRecord::Observer
  def after_create(contact)
    contact.logger.info('New contact added!')
  end

  def after_destroy(contact)
    contact.logger.warn("Contact with an id of #{contact.id} was destroyed!")
  end
end

This Observer uses logger to log when specific callbacks are triggered.

Please note that observers are called in the order that they are defined. That means that callbacks in an observer will always be called after callbacks defined in the model itself. Likewise, has_one and has_many use callbacks to enforce :dependent => :destroy. Therefore, associated records will be destroyed before the observer's before_destory is called.

Action Controller Sweeper

Sweepers are the terminators of the caching world and responsible for expiring caches when model objects change. They do this by being half-observers, half-filters and implementing callbacks for both roles. A Sweeper example:

class ListSweeper < ActionController::Caching::Sweeper
  observe List, Item

  def after_save(record)
    list = record.is_a?(List) ? record : record.list
    expire_page(:controller => "lists", :action => %w( show public feed ), :id => list.id)
    expire_action(:controller => "lists", :action => "all")
    list.shares.each { |share| expire_page(:controller => "lists", :action => "show", :id => share.url_key) }
  end
end

The sweeper is assigned in the controllers that wish to have its job performed using the cache_sweeper class method:

class ListsController < ApplicationController
  caches_action :index, :show, :public, :feed
  cache_sweeper :list_sweeper, :only => [ :edit, :destroy, :share ]
end

In the example above, four actions are cached and three actions are responsible for expiring those caches.

You can also name an explicit class in the declaration of a sweeper, which is needed if the sweeper is in a module:

class ListsController < ApplicationController
  caches_action :index, :show, :public, :feed
  cache_sweeper OpenBar::Sweeper, :only => [ :edit, :destroy, :share ]
end

Contributing