cjungmann/bsd_setup

Scripts to install various groups of packages like FAMP (freebsd/apache/mariadb/php)

BSD SETUP Project

Most of the contents of this repository were taken from my Raspberry PI project. More recent work with FreeBSD on other hardware makes me realize that this information should be hardware-agnostic.

Installing FreeBSD from a LiveCD or Memory Stick results in a different set of installed options than the direct-to-SDCard RaspberryPi version. For example, the root signon and password are set as part of the LiveCD setup, while on the RaspberryPi version, root is builtin with root as password: you need to change it before making it publicly available.

Setup

The FreeBSD image will be lacking many utilities one normally counts on being installed by default. There are two stages to setting up a new FreeBSD, the first stage is to configure and install software for remote access to execute the second stage, which is installing whatever packages are necessary for the intended usage.

Stage One: Command Line Setup

It's much more convenient to operate BSD remotely for several reasons, including the comfort of a familiar workstation and, perhaps more importantly, console emulators typically allow you to scroll up to see lines that have scrolled out of view. For these reasons, my first objective when setting up a new system is to enable remote root access.

There are several things necessary for remote access:

1. A non-root account (FreeBSD discourages remote root login)

2. Install, if necessary, and enable sudo for the non-root account

3. Ensure there is an SSH daemon.

4. Install git to download these instructions so they are locally available:
   pkg install -y git

5. Clone these instructions
   git clone https://github.com/cjungmann/bsd_setup

6. Prepare Root with an appropriate password. Note that for testing, it may be OK to use a simple or predictable password, but a publicly-available computer needs more robust protection.

   The LiveCD installation will ask for a root password as part of the installation process. The RaspberryPi version includes the root user with a password of root. root is not appropriate for a public-facing computer, and must be changed on the RaspberryPi distribution. Use the passwd command.
   passwd

7. Prepare sudo in order for a non-root user to access root privileges. Be aware that, without modifications, the root user cannot login to FreeBSD through ssh. These instructions assume that sudo-enabled users will be part of the group wheel, and will be granted root privileges based on the group. Other configurations are possible, such as using a sudo group, explicit user privileges, etc.

   • pkg install sudo to install the sudo application.
   • Update sudoers with sed:
     sed -i -e 's/# \(%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL\)/\1/' /usr/local/etc/sudoers
     Using sed sidesteps the need to call visudo with a vi editor.

8. Create user for ssh who will have remote root access.

   • adduser and answer the questions. For our scenario, make sure the new user is a member of group wheel.

• Remove Login Screen
  This doesn't apply to the RaspberryPi version. You will need to edit the file /boot/loader.rc and comment-out or remove the line that mentions beastie.

  I was alarmed at first to find that emacs opened the file in read-only mode. In emacs, simply toggle read-only mode with Ctrl-x Ctrl-q, then you will be able to edit and save the file.

• Install GNU development software:
  sudo pkg install lang/gcc gmake fcgi-devkit-2.4.0_5 texinfo wget