0x1D. C - Binary trees

This is a TEAM Project done during Full Stack Software Engineering studies at ALX School. The objective of this project is

What is a binary tree
What is the difference between a binary tree and a Binary Search Tree
What is the possible gain in terms of time complexity compared to linked lists
What are the depth, the height, the size of a binary tree
What are the different traversal methods to go through a binary tree
What is a complete, a full, a perfect, a balanced binary tree

Requirements

All your files will be compiled on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS using gcc, using the options -Wall -Werror -Wextra -pedantic -std=gnu89
A README.md file, at the root of the folder of the project, is mandatory
Your code should use the Betty style. It will be checked using betty-style.pl and betty-doc.pl
Team Member: Lawrence Maduabuchi & Abdullahi Ngui
Date: August 30th, 2023

Files

All of the following files are programs written in C:

Filename	Description
`0. New node`	Write a function that creates a binary tree node.
`1. Insert left`	Write a function that inserts a node as the left-child of another node.
`2. Insert right`	Write a function that inserts a node as the right-child of another node.
`3. Delete`	Write a function that deletes an entire binary tree.
`4. Is leaf`	Write a function that checks if a node is a leaf..
`5. Is root`	Write a function that checks if a given node is a root.
`101-hello_holberton.asm`	Write a 64-bit program in assembly that prints Hello, Holberton, followed by a new line.

BINARY TREES

Trees are simply nodes connected together.
Binary tree is a kind of data structure used for storage purposes.
Each node of a binary tree can only have a maximum of two nodes called the children.
A simple binary tree consists of the ROOT, PATH AND CHILD nodes.
The root node is the node at the top of the tree. A tree can only have one root node and one path from the root node to any other node.
The path is the sequence of nodes along the edges of a tree.
The child node is the node below a given node connected by its edge downward.
The child node is of two types - The LEFTCHILD and The RIGHTCHILD.

According to the Binary Search Tree Representation the rightchild node is the node with its value greater than the value of its parent node.

Meanwhile the Parent node is any node except the root node with one edge upward. Leaf node is the node without any child node, that is, the last or tail node at the end of every binary tree.

Subtree is the descendants of a node.
Visiting is all about checking the value of a node when control is on the node.
Traversing is all about passing through nodes in a specific order.

Binary Search Tree(BST) has basic operations which include:

Insert: inserting an element in a tree or creating a tree. Search: searching for an element in a tree. Preorder Traversal: traversing a tree in a pre-order way. Inorder Traversal: traversing a tree in an in-order way. Postorder Traversal: traversing a tree in a post-order way.

Insert Operation:

The first insert operation in a tree is to create a tree. To insert an element in a tree first locate its location. Search from the root node and if the value you are looking for is less than the root node value, search for the empty location in the left subtree or node and insert the data or element. Otherwise, search for the empty location in the right subtree or node and insert the element or data.

Search Operation:

To perform a search for an element in a tree, start from the root node. If the value of the element being searched for is less than the that of the root node search for the element in the left subtree or node. Otherwise, search for the elment in the right subtree or node.

Preorder Traversal:

This type of traversal method is a situation whereby the root node is visited first, then the left subtree or node and finally to the right subtree or node.

Inorder Operation:

This type of traversal method is a situation whereby the left subtree or node is visited first, then the root node and finally the right subtree or node.

Postorder Operation:

This type of traversal method is a situation whereby the left subtree or node is visited first, then the right subtree or node and finally the root.

codeabuu/binary_trees