/array-language-comparisons

A comparison of array languages & libraries: APL, J, BQN, Uiua, Q, Julia, R, NumPy, Nial, Futhark, Dex, Ivy, SaC & ArrayFire.

Primary LanguageCudaMIT LicenseMIT

Array Language & Library Comparisons

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This is a collection of idioms and small programs in APL, J, BQN, Julia, R, NumPy, Nial, Futhark & SaC.

There are several sites that do these kinds of comparisons:

General Array Language Specific Array Library Specific
Rosetta Code BQN-Dyalog Dictionary ArrayFire-MATLAB-NumPy
Programming-Idioms BQN-Dyalog Dictionary ArrayFire-Eigen
J-Dyalog APL Rosetta ArrayFire-Numpy
Q-APL Dictionary MatX-MATALB-NumPy

Language / Library Websites

Language 💲 Main Website Help / Docs Online REPL
💚 Dyalog APL dyalog.com Dyalog Help TryAPL
💛 Kap kapdemo.dhsdevelopments.com Kap Ref Kap Interpreter
💚 J jsoftware.com J NuVoc J Playground
💚 BQN mlochbaum.github.io/BQN BQN Docs BQNPAD
💚 Uiua uiua.org Uiua Docs UiuaPAD
💚 Q 💲 code.kx.com/q Q Ref 🚫
💙 Julia julialang.org Julia Docs Replit
💙 MATLAB 💲 mathworks.com/products/matlab.html MATLAB Help 💲
💙 NumPy* numpy.org NumPy Docs Replit
💙 R r-project.org R Docs JDoodle
💜 Nial nial-array-language.org Nial Dictionary TIO
💜 Futhark futhark-lang.org Futhark Docs 🚫
💜 Dex github.com/google-research/dex-lang InDex 🚫
💜 Ivy pkg.go.dev/robpike.io/ivy Ivy Docs 🚫
💜💗 SaC sac-home.org SaC Docs 🚫
💗 ArrayFire* arrayfire.com ArrayFire Docs 🚫
💗 MatX* nvidia.github.io/MatX MatX API Ref 🚫
💗 ATen* - ATen Docs 🚫
💗 Eigen* eigen.tuxfamily.org Eigen Dox Godbolt

* Library, not an actual language

  • 💚 Main (APL-Family) Array Languages
  • 💛 Fringe (APL-Family) Array Languages
  • 💙 Main (Non-APL-Family) Array Languages
  • 💜 Fringe / Research Array Languages
  • 💗 Array Compiler Backends / Array Libraries

Comparisons

  1. REPL
  2. Index Base
  3. Axis/Rank Model
    1. LA = Leading Axis
    2. TA = Trailing Axis
    3. AA = Axis Agnostic
  4. Application Model
    1. () = Parentheses
    2. LR = Left to Right
    3. RL = Right to Left
  5. Row-major or Column-Major
1 2 3 4 5
APL 💚 1 (or ⎕IO) LA/TA RL Row
Kap 💚 0 LA/TA RL Row
J 💚 0 LA RL Row
BQN 💚 0 LA RL Row
Uiua 💚 0 LA RL Row
Q 💛 0 🚫 RL Row
Julia 💚 1 AA () Column
MATLAB 💚 1 LA () Column
NumPy 💚 0 AA () Row
R 💚 1 AA () Column
Nial 💛 1 AA LR Row
Futhark 💛 0 🚫 LR Row
Dex 💛 0 ()
Ivy 💛 1 (or origin) 🚫 RL Row
SaC 🚫 0 LA () Row
ArrayFire 🚫 0 LA () Column
MatX 🚫 0 LA () Row
  1. Length of Array (Leading Axis)
  2. Shape of Array
  3. Rank of Array
  4. Number of Elements in Array
6 7 8 9
APL ≢ ⍴ ⍴⍴ ×/⍴
Kap ≢ ⍴ ⍴⍴ ×/⍴
J # $ $$ */@$
BQN ≠ ≢ ≢≢ ×´≢
Uiua ⧻ △ ⧻△ ⧻♭
Q count 🚫 🚫 count raze
Julia size(a, 1) size(a) ndims(a) length(a)
MATLAB length(a) size(a) rank(a) numel(a)
NumPy len(a) a.shape np.ndim(a) a.size
R dim(a)[1] dim(a) length(dim(a)) length(a)
Nial first shape shape valence tally
Futhark length 🚫 🚫 flatten |> length
Dex size* 🚫 🚫
Ivy 1 take rho rho rho rho rho ,
SaC shape(a)[0] shape(a) shape(shape(a)) prod(shape(a))
ArrayFire a.dims()[0] a.dims()* a.numdims()* a.elements()
MatX a.Shape()[0] a.Shape() a.Rank() TotalSize(a)

💛 Means the REPL has certain limitations

  • Q REPL has no HOME, END, or any arrows (CTRL or not)
  • Nial REPL has no CTRL left or right arrow
  • Futhark REPL has no HOME, END, or DEL
  • Dex REPL as no UP, DOWN and does not work with rlwrap

If you are using Q, Nial, Futhark or other languages with REPL limitations, you can get around this by invoking with rlwrap. On Linux using the Q REPL:

sudo apt install rlwrap
rlwrap taskset -c 2 ./q

Note that even when using rlwrap, some of the limitations will remain (such as CTRL + arrows).

Other Comparisons

  1. Creating an Identity Matrix
  2. Creating an Iota Matrix
  3. Reversing a Matrix Row-wise, Column-wise and in Memory
  4. Summing a Matrix Row-wise, Column-wise and Down to a Scalar

Leetcode / PWC Problems

# Problem 📹
1 💛 P0485 - MCO (Max Consecutive Ones) -
2 💚 P1351 - Count Negatives YouTube Solution
3 💛 P1614 - Maximum Nesting Depth of the Parentheses YouTube Solution | II
4 💚 P1672 - Richest Customer Wealth YouTube Solution
5 💚 P1822 - Sign of the Product of Array YouTube Solution
6 💛 P2319 - Check if Matrix Is X-Matrix YouTube Solution
7 💛 P0674 - LCIS (Longest Continuous Increasing Subsequence) -
8 💛 P00064 - Maixmum Gap -
9 💛 PWC198 P1 - Maximum Gap Count -
  • 💚 = All solutions complete
  • 💛 = Some solutions missing

Progress

Language 1a 1b 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
APL 💚 🚫 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚
Kap 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚
J 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚
BQN 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚
Uiua 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚
Q 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚
Julia 🚫 💚 💚 🚫 💚 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜
MATLAB 🔜 🚫 💚 🚫 💚 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜
NumPy 💚 💚 💚 🚫 💚 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜
R 🔜 💚 💚 🔜 💚 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜
Nial 💚 🚫 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜
Futhark 🔜 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜
Dex 🚫 🚫 💚 🚫 💚 💚 🔜 🚫
Ivy 🚫 🚫 💚 💚 💚 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜
SaC 🔜 🔜 💚 🔜 💚 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜
ArrayFire 🔜 🔜 💚 🔜 💚 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜
MatX 🔜 🔜 💚 🔜 💚 💚 🔜 🔜 🔜 🔜