RDP REPLAY
==========
Contents
========
extractrdpkeys/ Source and binaries for extracting RDP keys from DPAPI
libfree_rdp/ Original library circa 2013
README You found this already!
test/ Test samples and instructions
Makefile Top level make file
replay/ Source directory for the replay tool
tools/ Other support software
=============================================================================
Usage
=====
$ rdp_replay -h
Usage: rdp_replay <options>
-h Help. You're reading it!
-l <lsa_secrets_file> File containing LSA secrets for RDP decryption
-L <lsa_raw_secret> File containing a single binary LSA secret
-o <output_file> Output video file (e.g. "rdp.avi")
-p <rsa_priv_file> PEM file with SSL key (can be repeated)
-r <pcap_file> The pcap file (default is stdin)
-t <port> The TCP port to select in the pcap (default: any)
-x <num> Playback tcp stream at <num> times realtime
--clipboard_16le Clipboard is assumed to be UTF16le and stripped back up 8-bit
--debug_chan Show channel messages
--debug_caps Show capabilities messages
--fullspeed Playback tcp stream at full-speed
--help Help. You're still reading it!
--no_cksum Don't check the packet (IP and TCP) checksums
--no_cursor Don't show the cursor
--realtime Playback tcp stream in realtime
--reverse Reverse client/server direction (sometimes useful for extracted data)
--save_clipboard Save clipboard events to file (e.g. "clip-00000000-up")
--show_time Display packet capture time
--show_keys Display keypress (repeat for verbose)
--sound Play sounds
--rdprd Display RDPDR channel requests
--sw Use SW_GDI for rendering (not recommended)
Simple example:
$ rdp_replay -l RC4priv.txt -r capture.pcap
=============================================================================
Building
=========
These instructions are for building on Ubuntu 14.04.
This package contains the LibfreeRDP package and the enhancements for the
replay tool. Once dependencies are met, run make.
The following line (run as root) should install all required packages.
# apt-get install -y build-essential git-core cmake libssl-dev libx11-dev libxext-dev libxinerama-dev libxcursor-dev libxdamage-dev libxv-dev libxkbfile-dev libasound2-dev libcups2-dev libxml2 libxml2-dev libxrandr-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev libavutil-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libpcap-dev libreadline-dev
Once these are installed, run make.
This will (hopefully) produce ./replay/rdp_replay
=============================================================================
Private Keys:
There is a blog post available online (http://www.contextis.com/blog/rdp-replay/)
that covers extracting RDP keys in some detail.
Old style RC4 keys should be put in a file of the form:
# Comment lines start with #
# Blank lines are ignored
<name>,<public_key>,<private_key>
An example:
Example_RC4,5253413148000000000200003f00000001000100edf118339e6cf30888cad52a43921547e3ce962eb3639785dc2433588a8c89e21606c2394095d8c4816045818e007d26178ff5c79d7a461b03836bdf6660dabd0000000000000000,81e95dd837c1adc5a68202cfa7d01d9fae10c99f690acdc458bd76de3cdc9d7f1e31d1c0ad2fa89b8433735c5dce29d7126041d62cad3f70a7248c60e9488239
These RC4 key files are specified on the command line.
SSL private keys (PEM files) are specified directly on the command line.
=============================================================================
LSA secrets:
Private keys for RDP services (pre Vista) are stored as LSA secrets. There is
a simple program available (from passcape) to read them. Example:
C:\>LsaSecretReader.exe L$HYDRAENCKEY_28ada6da-d622-11d1-9cb9-00c04fb16e75
======================================================
= LSA secret reader by Passcape Software =
= Visit http://www.passcape.com for more information =
======================================================
0000: 52 53 41 32 48 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 3F 00 00 00
0010: 01 00 01 00 ED F1 18 33 9E 6C F3 08 88 CA D5 2A
0020: 43 92 15 47 E3 CE 96 2E B3 63 97 85 DC 24 33 58
0030: 8A 8C 89 E2 16 06 C2 39 40 95 D8 C4 81 60 45 81
0040: 8E 00 7D 26 17 8F F5 C7 9D 7A 46 1B 03 83 6B DF
0050: 66 60 DA BD 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C5 2E C2 9A
0060: CD 5C 85 91 09 37 C7 45 A8 76 C3 9F E8 AD D6 D6
0070: 21 2B 44 FF 9A 5B 99 70 62 88 24 ED 00 00 00 00
0080: 09 E9 24 CA 37 F3 88 DE B2 E5 02 BF F7 4B E9 C2
0090: 0C 28 D3 D8 40 72 6F 49 D2 CC E6 D3 62 2D F3 CC
00A0: 00 00 00 00 CD 0B 24 05 48 0A CA A0 F6 54 5B 32
00B0: A2 0F 3F AB EC 2A DF C9 BD D7 FB BE C0 D1 E6 CA
00C0: 25 5A C5 E3 00 00 00 00 B9 D7 FD 7F EB AB EF D5
00D0: 57 10 F0 6C F5 76 9B 79 9E 91 E3 D4 7F C7 74 71
00E0: C1 C7 2E 67 B3 DE 49 17 00 00 00 00 3B 44 55 4B
00F0: 46 21 AC 8F 38 A6 A8 A5 D7 06 31 0D 2A DA D1 D6
0100: E4 2C ED D9 4F A4 D3 6D 35 E4 54 06 00 00 00 00
0110: 81 E9 5D D8 37 C1 AD C5 A6 82 02 CF A7 D0 1D 9F
0120: AE 10 C9 9F 69 0A CD C4 58 BD 76 DE 3C DC 9D 7F
0130: 1E 31 D1 C0 AD 2F A8 9B 84 33 73 5C 5D CE 29 D7
0140: 12 60 41 D6 2C AD 3F 70 A7 24 8C 60 E9 48 82 39
0150: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0160: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0170: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
This gives public key of:
52 53 41 31 48 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 3f 00 00 00
01 00 01 00 ed f1 18 33 9e 6c f3 08 88 ca d5 2a
43 92 15 47 e3 ce 96 2e b3 63 97 85 dc 24 33 58
8a 8c 89 e2 16 06 c2 39 40 95 d8 c4 81 60 45 81
8e 00 7d 26 17 8f f5 c7 9d 7a 46 1b 03 83 6b df
66 60 da bd 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
..and private key of
81 e9 5d d8 37 c1 ad c5 a6 82 02 cf a7 d0 1d 9f
ae 10 c9 9f 69 0a cd c4 58 bd 76 de 3c dc 9d 7f
1e 31 d1 c0 ad 2f a8 9b 84 33 73 5c 5d ce 29 d7
12 60 41 d6 2c ad 3f 70 a7 24 8c 60 e9 48 82 39
NOTE: The public part of the key (from LsaSecret) starts "RSA2", but it will
be "RSA1" when transmitted as public-only, in the secure exchange. You can see
this easily in wireshark.
How to extract the 2 available keys is shown below:
LsaSecretReader.exe L$HYDRAENCKEY_28ada6da-d622-11d1-9cb9-00c04fb16e75
LsaSecretReader.exe L$HYDRAENCKEY_52d1ad03-4565-44f3-8bfd-bbb0591f4b9d
=============================================================================
For SSL (Cert) based: You need mimikatz and psexec (SysInternals)
Mimikatz as system: (psexec -s mimicatz.exe)
privilege::debug
crypto::patchcapi
crypto::patchcng
crypto::exportCertificates CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_LOCAL_MACHINE "Remote Desktop"
This will produce a .pfx file (probably in the current directory or the one
containing mimikatz.exe)
Break the private key out of the pfx (windows) file:
$ openssl pkcs12 -in file.pfx -nodes -out x509.pem
Use password: mimikatz
Get out the x509 private key.
If you want to view a x509 PEM private key:
$ openssl rsa -noout -in x509.pem -text