eslint-plugin-graphql
An ESLint plugin that checks tagged query strings inside JavaScript, or queries inside .graphql
files, against a GraphQL schema.
npm install eslint-plugin-graphql
eslint-plugin-graphql
has built-in settings for three GraphQL clients out of the box:
If you want to lint your GraphQL schema, rather than queries, check out cjoudrey/graphql-schema-linter.
Importing schema JSON
You'll need to import your introspection query result or the schema as a string in the Schema Language format. This can be done if you define your ESLint config in a JS file.
Retrieving a remote GraphQL schema
graphql-cli provides a get-schema
command (in conjunction with a .graphqlconfig
file) that makes retrieving remote schemas very simple.
apollo-codegen also provides an introspect-schema command that can get your remote schemas as well
Common options
All of the rules provided by this plugin have a few options in common. There are examples of how to use these with Apollo, Relay, Lokka and literal files further down.
-
env
: Import default settings for your GraphQL client. Supported values:'apollo'
,'relay'
,'lokka'
,'literal'
. Defaults to'apollo'
. This is used for the slight parsing differences in the GraphQL syntax between Apollo, Relay and Lokka, as well as giving nice defaults to some other options. -
tagName
: The name of the template literal tag that this plugin should look for when searching for GraphQL queries. It has different defaults depending on theenv
option:'relay'
:'Relay.QL'
'internal'
: Special automatic value- others:
'gql'
You also have to specify a schema. You can either do it using one of these options:
schemaJson
: Your schema as JSON.schemaJsonFilepath
: The absolute path to your schema as a .json file.schemaString
: Your schema in the Schema Language format as a string.
Alternatively, you can use a .graphqlconfig file instead of the above three options. If you do there's one more option to know about:
projectName
: In case you specify multiple schemas in your.graphqlconfig
file, choose which one to use by providing the project name here as a string.
There's an example on how to use a .graphqlconfig
file further down.
Identity template literal tag
This plugin relies on GraphQL queries being prefixed with a special tag. In Relay and Apollo, this is always done, but other clients often take query strings without a tag. In this case, you can define an identity tag that doesn't do anything except for tell the linter this is a GraphQL query:
global.gql = (literals, ...substitutions) => {
let result = "";
// run the loop only for the substitution count
for (let i = 0; i < substitutions.length; i++) {
result += literals[i];
result += substitutions[i];
}
// add the last literal
result += literals[literals.length - 1];
return result;
}
Code snippet taken from: https://leanpub.com/understandinges6/read#leanpub-auto-multiline-strings
Note: The linter rule could be extended to identify calls to various specific APIs to eliminate the need for a template literal tag, but this might just make the implementation a lot more complex for little benefit.
GraphQL literal files
This plugin also lints GraphQL literal files ending on .gql
or .graphql
.
In order to do so set env
to 'literal'
in your .eslintrc.js
and tell eslint to check these files as well.
eslint . --ext .js --ext .gql --ext .graphql
Example config for Apollo
// In a file called .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
// Import default settings for your GraphQL client. Supported values:
// 'apollo', 'relay', 'lokka', 'literal'
env: 'apollo',
// Import your schema JSON here
schemaJson: require('./schema.json'),
// OR provide absolute path to your schema JSON
// schemaJsonFilepath: path.resolve(__dirname, './schema.json'),
// OR provide the schema in the Schema Language format
// schemaString: printSchema(schema),
// tagName is gql by default
}]
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
Example config for Relay
// In a file called .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
// Import default settings for your GraphQL client. Supported values:
// 'apollo', 'relay', 'lokka', 'literal'
env: 'relay',
// Import your schema JSON here
schemaJson: require('./schema.json'),
// OR provide absolute path to your schema JSON
// schemaJsonFilepath: path.resolve(__dirname, './schema.json'),
// OR provide the schema in the Schema Language format
// schemaString: printSchema(schema),
// tagName is set for you to Relay.QL
}]
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
Example config for Lokka
// In a file called .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
// Import default settings for your GraphQL client. Supported values:
// 'apollo', 'relay', 'lokka', 'literal'
env: 'lokka',
// Import your schema JSON here
schemaJson: require('./schema.json'),
// OR provide absolute path to your schema JSON
// schemaJsonFilepath: path.resolve(__dirname, './schema.json'),
// OR provide the schema in the Schema Language format
// schemaString: printSchema(schema),
// Optional, the name of the template tag, defaults to 'gql'
tagName: 'gql'
}]
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
Example config for literal graphql files
// In a file called .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
// Import default settings for your GraphQL client. Supported values:
// 'apollo', 'relay', 'lokka', 'literal'
env: 'literal',
// Import your schema JSON here
schemaJson: require('./schema.json'),
// OR provide absolute path to your schema JSON
// schemaJsonFilepath: path.resolve(__dirname, './schema.json'),
// OR provide the schema in the Schema Language format
// schemaString: printSchema(schema),
// tagName is set automatically
}]
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
Additional Schemas or Tags
This plugin can be used to validate against multiple schemas by identifying them with different tags. This is useful for applications interacting with multiple GraphQL systems. Additional schemas can simply be appended to the options list:
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
env: 'apollo',
tagName: 'FirstGQL',
schemaJson: require('./schema-first.json')
}, {
env: 'relay',
tagName: 'SecondGQL',
schemaJson: require('./schema-second.json')
}]
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
.graphqlconfig
Example config when usingIf you have .graphqlconfig
file in the root of your repo you can omit schema-related
properties (schemaJson
, schemaJsonFilepath
and schemaString
) from rule config.
// In a file called .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
// Import default settings for your GraphQL client. Supported values:
// 'apollo', 'relay', 'lokka', 'literal'
env: 'literal'
// no need to specify schema here, it will be automatically determined using .graphqlconfig
}]
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
In case you use additional schemas, specify projectName
from .graphqlconfig
for each tagName
:
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
env: 'apollo',
tagName: 'FirstGQL',
projectName: 'FirstGQLProject'
}, {
env: 'relay',
tagName: 'SecondGQL',
projectName: 'SecondGQLProject'
}]
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
Selecting Validation Rules
GraphQL validation rules can be configured in the eslint rule configuration using the validators
option. The default selection depends on the env
setting. If no env
is specified, all rules are enabled by default.
The validators
setting can be set either to a list of specific validator names or to the special value "all"
.
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
env: 'apollo',
validators: 'all',
tagName: 'FirstGQL',
schemaJson: require('./schema-first.json')
}, {
validators: ['FieldsOnCorrectType'],
tagName: 'SecondGQL',
schemaJson: require('./schema-second.json')
}]
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
The full list of available validators is:
ArgumentsOfCorrectType
DefaultValuesOfCorrectType
FieldsOnCorrectType
FragmentsOnCompositeTypes
KnownArgumentNames
KnownDirectives
(disabled by default inrelay
)KnownFragmentNames
(disabled by default in all envs)KnownTypeNames
LoneAnonymousOperation
NoFragmentCycles
NoUndefinedVariables
(disabled by default inrelay
)NoUnusedFragments
(disabled by default in all envs)NoUnusedVariables
OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged
PossibleFragmentSpreads
ProvidedNonNullArguments
(disabled by default inrelay
)ScalarLeafs
(disabled by default inrelay
)UniqueArgumentNames
UniqueFragmentNames
UniqueInputFieldNames
UniqueOperationNames
UniqueVariableNames
VariablesAreInputTypes
VariablesInAllowedPosition
Named Operations Validation Rule
The Named Operation rule validates that all operations are named. Naming operations is valuable for including in server-side logs and debugging.
Pass
query FetchUsername {
viewer {
name
}
}
Fail
query {
viewer {
name
}
}
The rule is defined as graphql/named-operations
.
// In a file called .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
env: 'apollo',
schemaJson: require('./schema.json'),
}],
"graphql/named-operations": ['warn', {
schemaJson: require('./schema.json'),
}],
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
Required Fields Validation Rule
The Required Fields rule validates that any specified required field is part of the query, but only if that field is available in schema. This is useful to ensure that query results are cached properly in the client.
Pass
// 'uuid' required and present in the schema
schema {
query {
viewer {
name
uuid
}
}
}
query ViewerName {
viewer {
name
uuid
}
}
Pass
// 'uuid' usually required but not present in the schema here
schema {
query {
viewer {
name
}
}
}
query ViewerName {
viewer {
name
}
}
Fail
// 'uuid' required and present in the schema
schema {
query {
viewer {
uuid
name
}
}
}
query ViewerName {
viewer {
name
}
}
The rule is defined as graphql/required-fields
and requires the requiredFields
option.
// In a file called .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
rules: {
'graphql/required-fields': [
'error',
{
env: 'apollo',
schemaJsonFilepath: path.resolve(__dirname, './schema.json'),
requiredFields: ['uuid'],
},
],
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
Capitalization of a first letter of a Type name
This rule enforces that first letter of types is capitalized
Pass
query {
someUnion {
... on SomeType {
someField
}
}
}
Fail
query {
someUnion {
... on someType {
someField
}
}
}
The rule is defined as graphql/capitalized-type-name
.
// In a file called .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
parser: "babel-eslint",
rules: {
"graphql/template-strings": ['error', {
env: 'apollo',
schemaJson: require('./schema.json'),
}],
"graphql/capitalized-type-name": ['warn', {
schemaJson: require('./schema.json'),
}],
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}
No Deprecated Fields Validation Rule
The No Deprecated Fields rule validates that no deprecated fields are part of the query. This is useful to discover fields that have been marked as deprecated and shouldn't be used.
Fail
// 'id' requested and marked as deprecated in the schema
schema {
query {
viewer {
id: Int @deprecated(reason: "Use the 'uuid' field instead")
uuid: String
}
}
}
query ViewerName {
viewer {
id
}
}
The rule is defined as graphql/no-deprecated-fields
.
// In a file called .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
rules: {
'graphql/no-deprecated-fields': [
'error',
{
env: 'relay',
schemaJson: require('./schema.json')
},
],
},
plugins: [
'graphql'
]
}