/gcm

A gem that helps developers send data from ruby backend servers to their Mobile applications on devices via Google Cloud Messaging (GCM).

Primary LanguageRubyMIT LicenseMIT

Google Cloud Messaging is now deprecated.

Google Cloud Messaging has been deprecated in favor of Firebase Cloud Messaging. Please use the fcm gem moving forward.

As of April 10, 2018, Google has deprecated GCM. The GCM server and client APIs are deprecated and will be removed as soon as April 11, 2019. Migrate GCM apps to Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM), which inherits the reliable and scalable GCM infrastructure, plus many new features. See the migration guide to learn more.

Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) for Android and iOS

Gem Version Build Status

The GCM gem lets your ruby backend send notifications to Android and iOS devices via Google Cloud Messaging.

Installation

$ gem install gcm

or in your Gemfile just include it:

gem 'gcm'

Requirements

An Android device running 2.3 (or newer) or an iOS device and an API key as per GCM getting started guide.

One of the following, tested Ruby versions:

  • 2.0.0
  • 2.1.8
  • 2.2.4
  • 2.3.0

Usage

For your server to send a message to one or more devices, you must first initialise a new GCM class with your Api key, and then call the send method on this and give it 1 or more (up to 1000) registration tokens as an array of strings. You can also optionally send further HTTP message parameters like data or time_to_live etc. as a hash via the second optional argument to send.

Example sending notifications:

require 'gcm'

gcm = GCM.new("my_api_key")
# you can set option parameters in here
#  - all options are pass to HTTParty method arguments
#  - ref: https://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty/blob/master/lib/httparty.rb#L29-L60
#  gcm = GCM.new("my_api_key", timeout: 3)

registration_ids= ["12", "13"] # an array of one or more client registration tokens
options = {data: {score: "123"}, collapse_key: "updated_score"}
response = gcm.send(registration_ids, options)

Currently response is just a hash containing the response body, headers and status. Check here to see how to interpret the responses.

Device Group Messaging

With device group messaging, you can send a single message to multiple instance of an app running on devices belonging to a group. Typically, "group" refers a set of different devices that belong to a single user. However, a group could also represent a set of devices where the app instance functions in a highly correlated manner. To use this feature, you will first need an initialised GCM class.

Generate a Notification Key for device group

Then you will need a notification key which you can create for a particular key_name which needs to be uniquely named per app in case you have multiple apps for the same project_id. This ensures that notifications only go to the intended target app. The create method will do this and return the token notification_key, that represents the device group, in the response:

response = gcm.create(key_name: "appUser-Chris",
                project_id: "my_project_id", # https://developers.google.com/cloud-messaging/gcm#senderid
                registration_ids:["4", "8", "15", "16", "23", "42"])

Send to Notification Key

Now you can send a message to a particular notification_key via the send_with_notification_key method. This allows the server to send a single data to multiple app instances (typically on multiple devices) owned by a single user (instead of sending to some registration tokens). Note: the maximum number of members allowed for a notification_key is 20.

response = gcm.send_with_notification_key("notification_key", {
            data: {score: "3x1"},
            collapse_key: "updated_score"})

Add/Remove Registration Tokens

You can also add/remove registration Tokens to/from a particular notification_key of some project_id. For example:

response = gcm.add(key_name: "appUser-Chris",
                project_id: "my_project_id",
                notification_key:"appUser-Chris-key",
                registration_ids:["7", "3"])

response = gcm.remove(key_name: "appUser-Chris",
                project_id: "my_project_id",
                notification_key:"appUser-Chris-key",
                registration_ids:["8", "15"])

Send Messages to Topics

GCM topic messaging allows your app server to send a message to multiple devices that have opted in to a particular topic. Based on the publish/subscribe model, topic messaging supports unlimited subscriptions per app. Sending to a topic is very similar to sending to an individual device or to a user group, in the sense that you can use the gcm.send_with_notification_key() method where the noticiation_key matches the regular expression "/topics/[a-zA-Z0-9-_.~%]+":

response = gcm.send_with_notification_key("/topics/yourTopic", {
            data: {message: "This is a GCM Topic Message!"})

Or you can use the helper:

response = gcm.send_to_topic("yourTopic", {
            data: {message: "This is a GCM Topic Message!"})

Blog Posts

Mobile Clients

You can find a guide to implement an Android Client app to receive notifications here: Set up a GCM Client App on Android.

The guide to set up an iOS app to get notifications is here: Setting up a GCM Client App on iOS.

ChangeLog

0.1.1

  • Added helper send_to_topic to send messages to topics.
  • Fixed documentation and updated base uri to https://gcm-http.googleapis.com/gcm

0.1.0

  • Added send_with_notification_key to send message to a notification key since the documented API for it is wrong.

0.0.9

  • Check for NotRegistered error and return unregistered ids if this occurs

0.0.8

  • Added support for User Notifications API
  • Added alias method send for send_notification

0.0.7

  • All responses now have a body and header hashes

0.0.6

0.0.5

##MIT License

  • Copyright (c) 2016 Kashif Rasul and Shoaib Burq. See LICENSE.txt for details.

##Many thanks to all the contributors

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