Diplomat
Consul
A HTTP Ruby API forFAQ
What's Diplomat for?
Diplomat allows any ruby application to interact with Consul's distributed key value store, and also receive information about services currently available in the Consul cluster.
Does it work in rails?
Yup! In fact, we're using it in all of our rails production apps instead of any previous case where it'd be right to use environment variables according to 12Factor configuration principals. This gives us the ability to scale up without making any changes to the actual project codebase, and to move applications around the cluster with ease.
Here's what a production database.yml file might look like:
<% if Rails.env.production? %>
production:
adapter: postgresql
encoding: unicode
host: <%= Diplomat::Service.get('postgres').Address %>
database: <%= Diplomat::Kv.get('project/db/name') %>
pool: 5
username: <%= Diplomat::Kv.get('project/db/user') %>
password: <%= Diplomat::Kv.get('project/db/pass') %>
port: <%= Diplomat::Service.get('postgres').ServicePort %>
<% end %>
Why would I use Consul over ZooKeeper, Doozerd, etcd, Nagios, Sensu, SmartStack, SkyDNS, Chef, Puppet, Ansible, etc?
Read up what makes Consul different here
How do I install Consul?
See here. I managed to roll it out on my production machines with the help of Ansible in one working day.
Which versions of Ruby does Diplomat support? Where did my ruby 1.9 compatibility go?
Check out Travis to see which versions of ruby we currently test when we're making builds.
We've dropped ruby 1.9 support. You can still depend on Diplomat by directly using the ruby-1.9-compatible
branch on github, although be advised it's not actively maintained anymore.
Usage
The most up to date place to read about the API is here.
Here's a few examples of how diplomat works:
Key Values
Setting
Setting the value of a key is easy as pie:
foo = Diplomat::Kv.put('foo', 'bar')
# => "bar"
Getting
Getting the value of a key is just as simple:
foo = Diplomat::Kv.get('foo')
# => "bar"
Or retrieve a value from another datacenter:
foo = Diplomat::Kv.get('foo', :dc => 'dc-west')
# => "baz"
You can also retrieve values recursively:
Diplomat::Kv.put('foo/a', 'lorem')
Diplomat::Kv.put('foo/b', 'ipsum')
Diplomat::Kv.put('foo/c', 'dolor')
Diplomat::Kv.get('foo/', recurse: true)
# => [{:key=>"foo/a", :value=>"lorem"}, {:key=>"foo/b", :value=>"ipsum"}, {:key=>"foo/c", :value=>"dolor"}]
Or list all available keys:
Diplomat::Kv.get('/', :keys => true) # => ['foo/a', 'foo/b']
You can convert the consul data to a ruby hash
Diplomat::Kv.put('foo/a', 'lorem')
Diplomat::Kv.put('foo/b', 'ipsum')
Diplomat::Kv.put('foo/c', 'dolor')
Diplomat::Kv.get('foo/', recurse: true, convert_to_hash: true)
# => {"foo"=>{"a"=>"lorem", "b"=>"ipsum", "c"=>"dolor"}}
Nodes
Getting
Look up a node:
foo_service = Diplomat::Node.get('foo')
# => {"Node"=>{"Node"=>"foobar", "Address"=>"10.1.10.12"}, "Services"=>{"consul"=>{"ID"=>"consul", "Service"=>"consul", "Tags"=>nil, "Port"=>8300}, "redis"=>{"ID"=>"redis", "Service"=>"redis", "Tags"=>["v1"], "Port"=>8000}}}
Get all nodes:
nodes = Diplomat::Node.get_all
# => [#<OpenStruct Address="10.1.10.12", Node="foo">, #<OpenStruct Address="10.1.10.13", Node="bar">]
Get all nodes for a particular datacenter
nodes = Diplomat::Node.get_all({ :dc => 'My_Datacenter' })
# => [#<OpenStruct Address="10.1.10.12", Node="foo">, #<OpenStruct Address="10.1.10.13", Node="bar">]
Register a node:
Diplomat::Node.register({ :Node => "app1", :Address => "10.0.0.2" })
# => true
De-register a node:
Diplomat::Node.deregister({ :Node => "app1", :Address => "10.0.0.2" })
# => true
Services
Getting
Looking up a service is easy as pie:
foo_service = Diplomat::Service.get('foo')
# => #<OpenStruct Node="hotel", Address="1.2.3.4", ServiceID="hotel_foo", ServiceName="foo", ServiceTags=["foo"], ServicePort=5432>
Or if you have multiple nodes per service:
foo_service = Diplomat::Service.get('foo', :all)
# => [#<OpenStruct Node="hotel", Address="1.2.3.4", ServiceID="hotel_foo", ServiceName="foo", ServiceTags=["foo"], ServicePort=5432>,#<OpenStruct Node="indigo", Address="1.2.3.5", ServiceID="indigo_foo", ServiceName="foo", ServiceTags=["foo"], ServicePort=5432>]
Or if you want to find services for a particular datacenter
foo_service = Diplomat::Service.get('foo', :all, { :dc => 'My_Datacenter'})
# => [#<OpenStruct Node="hotel", Address="1.2.3.4", ServiceID="hotel_foo", ServiceName="foo", ServiceTags=["foo"], ServicePort=5432>,#<OpenStruct Node="indigo", Address="1.2.3.5", ServiceID="indigo_foo", ServiceName="foo", ServiceTags=["foo"], ServicePort=5432>]
If you wish to list all the services on consul:
services = Diplomat::Service.get_all
# => #<OpenStruct consul=[], foo=[], bar=[]>
If you wish to list all the services for a specific datacenter:
services = Diplomat::Service.get_all({ :dc => 'My_Datacenter' })
# => #<OpenStruct consul=[], foo=[], bar=[]>
Datacenters
Getting a list of datacenters is quite simple and gives you the option to extract all services out of all accessible datacenters if you need to.
datacenters = Diplomat::Datacenter.get()
# => ["DC1", "DC2"]
Sessions
Creating a session:
sessionid = Diplomat::Session.create({:Node => "server1", :Name => "my-lock"})
# => "fc5ca01a-c317-39ea-05e8-221da00d3a12"
Or destroying a session:
Diplomat::Session.destroy("fc5ca01a-c317-39ea-05e8-221da00d3a12")
Renew a session:
Diplomat::Session.renew(sessionid)
List sessions:
Diplomat::Session.list.each {|session| puts "#{session["ID"]} #{session["Name"]}"}
Locks
Acquire a lock:
sessionid = Diplomat::Session.create({:Node => "server1", :Name => "my-lock"})
lock_acquired = Diplomat::Lock.acquire("/key/to/lock", sessionid)
# => true
Or wait for a lock to be acquired:
sessionid = Diplomat::Session.create({:hostname => "server1", :ipaddress => "4.4.4.4"})
lock_acquired = Diplomat::Lock.wait_to_acquire("/key/to/lock", sessionid)
Release a lock:
Diplomat::Lock.release("/key/to/lock", sessionid )
Events
Fire an event:
Diplomat::Event.fire('do_something', 'payload')
List all events with a certain name received by the local agent:
Diplomat::Event.get_all('do_something')
Get the latest event with a certain name received by the local agent:
Diplomat::Event.get('do_something')
Iterate through the events with a certain name received by the local agent:
events = Enumerator.new do |y|
ret = {token: :first}
while ret = begin Diplomat::Event.get('do_something', ret[:token], :reject) rescue nil end
y.yield(ret[:value])
end
end
events.each{ |e| puts e }
Maintenance mode
Enable maintenance mode on a host, with optional reason and DC (requires access to local agent)
Diplomat::Maintenance.enable(true, 'doing stuff', :dc => 'abc')
Determine if a host has maintenance mode enabled
Diplomat::Maintenance.enabled('foobar')
# => { :enabled => true, :reason => 'doing stuff' }
Custom configuration
You can create a custom configuration using the following syntax:
Diplomat.configure do |config|
# Set up a custom Consul URL
config.url = "http://localhost:8888"
# Set up a custom Faraday Middleware
config.middleware = MyCustomMiddleware
# Connect into consul with custom access token (ACL)
config.acl_token = "xxxxxxxx-yyyy-zzzz-1111-222222222222"
# Set extra Faraday configuration options
config.options = {ssl: { version: :TLSv1_2 }}
end
This is traditionally kept inside the config/initializers
directory if you're using rails. The middleware allows you to customise what happens when faraday sends and receives data. This can be useful if you want to instrument your use of diplomat, for example. You can read more about Faraday's custom middleware here.
Todo
- Updating Docs with latest changes
- Using custom objects for response objects (instead of openStruct)
- PUTing and DELETEing services
- Custom SSL Cert Middleware for faraday
- Allowing the custom configuration of the consul url to connect to
- Deleting Keys
- Listing available services
- Health
- Members
- Status
- Datacenter support for services
- Ruby 1.8 support
- Events
Enjoy!
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