macchiato: A Java repository from emilykimhuynh

#Macchiato

Author: Emily Huynh

Host Language: Java

Designer Programming Language Project

The University of Alabama

CS 403

Spring 2016

##Getting Started

Macchiato files are suffixed with the .macch file extension. To run a .macch file, use the command macch filename.macch.

##Test Problem

The source code for the one-bit full adder problem is in wire.macch. To change the inputs for in0, in1, and c-in, change the values on lines 367-369.

Run the test problem using the command make run-problem. Results of carry and out0 will be printed to the console.

##Language Details

Macchiato is object-oriented. Below are details on the semantics of the Macchiato programming language.

##Syntax

Curly braces { } are required for all code blocks
All statements end in a semicolon ;
All numerics (integers and reals) are preceded with a dollar sign $
Null/nil values are denoted with the empty keyword
Objects are created using the mug keyword

##Comments

Macchiato provides three different commenting options.

#####Single line comments

&& This is a single line comment.

#####Block comments

&^
    This is a block comment.
^&

#####End of file comments

&*
    This will comment to the end of the file.

##Definitions

Defining and functions and initializing variables is done using the brew keyword. Existing variables can be redefined without using brew.

Example Function Definition:

brew func[param1, param2] {
    steamln["params are ", param1, " ", param2];
}

&& call the function
func["one", "two"];

Example Variable Definition:

brew var : $1;
steamln[var];

var : $2;
stemaln[var];

##Operators

Macchiato provides a basic set of operators:

Arithmetic:

plus +
minus -
multiply *
divide /
exponentiation ^
modulus %

Comparison:

equal to =
not equal to ~=
greater than >
greater than or equal to >=
less than <
less than or equal to <=

Unary:

logical not ~
negative -

Short Circuiting:

logical and and
logical or or

Assignment:

assign :

####Precedence

Macchiato does not currently support precedence. Parenthesized expressions can be used in place of built in precedence.

##Object Orientation

Objects are defined using the mug keyword.

##Builtin Functions

####steam and steamln

Macchiato provides two builtin printing functions. Each take in a variable number of arguments. The code block

steam["string one", $1]
steamln["string two", $2]

will yield the following:

string one1
string two
2

##Arrays ####Defining Arrays

Arrays are defined like all other variables.

brew arr : |[$1, "string item 2", $3]|;

####Accessing Arrays

Arrays use zero-based indexing, and access to each element is constant.

brew firstItem : arr|[$0]|;

##Lambdas

####Defining Lambdas

Lambdas are defined using the latte keyword. Lambdas are considered primaries in the Macchiato programming language. All statements inside the lambda block must end in a semicolon ;. If a lambda is defined within a function, it must end in a semicolon ;.

brew lambda : latte[param1, param2] { steamln[param1, " ", param2]; };

brew lambdaFunc[] {
    latte [x] {
        steamln[x];
    };
}

####Calling Lambdas

The ID of the variable holding the lambda must be wrapped in parentheses () in order to be called.

brew lambda : latte[param1, param2] { steamln[param1, " ", param2]; };

brew lambdaFunc[] {
    latte [x] {
        steamln[x];
    };
}

(lambda)[arg1, arg2];
(lambdaFunc[])[arg1];

emilykimhuynh/macchiato