For a full description head over to https://usetypo3.com/typo3-and-gulp.html.
Obviously you need nodeJS to run gulp. You also need composer to setup the TYPO3 installation.
composer install
cd src
npm install
bower install
gulp build
Change the database connection of TYPO3 to your setup. Create a root page and a sys_template on that page. Include the static template of the gulp_example extension.