If lists EFI variables, means its EFI Mode(or somehting compatible)
efivar -l
If not using US Keyboard, locate your keymap:
/usr/share/kbd/keymaps
Mine is ABNT2 keyboard, so here:
/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/br-abnt2.map.gz
And load it with:
loadkeys br-abnt2
With EFI, we need a "/boot" partition. We need three partitions:
/boot - fat32 - 500MB (boot)
/ - (root) - ext4 (or another)
swap - linux-swap maybe 8GB.
To list all drivers you may use lsblk and find the drive to install. Mine is sda.
Find your disk size:
parted /dev/sda
Type print
And seek for "Disk /dev/sda:"
(parted) print
Modelo: ATA Hitachi HTS54501 (scsi)
Disco /dev/sda: 160GB
Tamanho do setor (lógico/físico): 512B/512B
Tabela de partições: gpt
If unsure, you may use cfdisk, fdisk or something.
Now we need to delete all partitions or create a GPT partition table(WILL DESTROY EVERYTHING)
mklabel gpt
mkpart ESP fat32 1049kB 538MB set 1 boot on
mkpart primary ext4 538MB [SIZE] mkpart primary linux-swap [SIZE] 100%
In the SIZE put YOUR_HD_TOTAL_SIZE minus SWAP_SIZE Mine I got: 160 - 8 = 152GB So I use:
//your root size:
mkpart primary ext4 538MB 152GB
//your swap gonna be the last partition, so 152 - 160 (100%)
mkpart primary linux-swap 152GB 100%
Now type in quit command to exit.
Check yourt partition again with(if /dev/sda is your partition)
lsblk /dev/sda
Now type: mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2 mkswap /dev/sda3 swapon /dev/sda3
Mount your root '/' partition to a temporary location, where you gonna install the system:
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
Mount the boot '/boot' partition:
mkdir -p /mnt/boot
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
Now install the packages:
pacstrap /mnt base base-devel
Generate fstab with:
genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
May need some edit, mine is:
#
# /etc/fstab: static file system information
#
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# /dev/sda2 UUID=8ba5159d-2f6a-4c17-a3ea-b27b1351a79b / ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 2
# /dev/sda1
UUID=D9B8-A21A /boot vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /dev/sda3
UUID=e2408dea-f636-4e90-944e-38960ab2e5f7 none swap defaults 0 0
The last number, is the boot checking order, its a good practice put:
/boot - boot - fat - Order: 1
/ - root - ext4 - Order: 2
/swap - swap - Order: 0
If you have SSD, may be a good practice to edit ext4 partition options and put:
rw,relatime,data=ordered,discard
For more info: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Solid_State_Drives
Need to chroot to transfer the new system
arch-chroot /mnt
And configure the locale for the new system, at the file '/etc/locale.gen' uncomment each you'd like to use. After, regen the locale table:
locale-gen
check locale:
cat /etc/locale.conf
echo LANG=pt_BR.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
export LANG=pt_BR.UTF-8
echo "KEYMAP=br-abnt2" >> /etc/vconsole.conf
Fix your TimeZone:
ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Fortaleza /etc/localtime
Enable hardware clock
hwclock --systohc --utc
Create a nice hostname:
echo "myhostname" > /etc/hostname
Edit /etc/hosts and update the new hostname:
#<ip-address> <hostname.domain.org> <hostname>
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost myhostname
::1 localhost.localdomain localhost myhostname
Install DHCPD but if going to install NetworkManager, be careful:
pacman -S dhcpcd
If you install NetworkManager, forget the "systemctl enable" below:
systemctl enable dhcpcd
Create admin password:
passwd
I'm not using GRUB, I use systemd-boot (was called gummiboot).
Need some tools for EFI:
pacman -S dosfstools
And install systemd-boot to the boot partition:
bootctl --path=/boot install
Now create Arch Linux boot entry, mine is: The file name: /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
title ArchLinux
linux /vmlinuz-linux
initrd /initramfs-linux.img
options root=/dev/sda2 rw elevator=deadline nosplash resume=/dev/sda3 nmi_watchdog=0 video=SVIDEO-1:d
The video=SVIDEO for a fix on my old Macbook. If you have a VGA like mine Intel Corporation Mobile GM965/GL960, you may need this too.
Now we defined the default loader:
echo "default arch" >> /boot/loader/loader.conf
Mine is:
timeout 2
default arch
#default linux-lts
The timeout is for faster boot. The # is a comment to avoid delete something I can use later.
If you want a LTS Kernel (Long Term Support), install linux-lts package and insert another creating a new file /boot/loader/entries/linux-lts.conf
Mine looks like this:
title Linux_LTS
linux /vmlinuz-linux-lts
initrd /initramfs-linux-lts.img
options root=/dev/sda2 rw elevator=deadline nosplash resume=/dev/sda3 nmi_watchdog=0 video=SVIDEO-1:d
Finally, exit and reboot the system.
This Install guide was heavly based on a medium post witch encouraged me to run Arch on old macbook: https://medium.com/@philpl/arch-linux-running-on-my-macbook-2ea525ebefe3
groupadd users
useradd -m -g users -G wheel -s /bin/bash new_user_name
Create a password:
passwd new_user_name
pacman -S sudo
edit /etc/sudoers
At the end of `sodoers' file, add this:
%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
On Arch, must install the follow:
-
extra/unrar
-
core/tar (maybe already installed)
-
core/bzip2 (maybe already installed)
-
core/gzip (maybe already installed)
-
extra/rsync
-
extra/libzip
-
extra/zip
-
extra/unzip
-
extra/p7zip
-
aur/rar (Not needed if everything works fine)
-
file-roller (compress file)
-
xarchiver (extract here)
The Problem: Chrome won't open nautilus and focus the selected file when using "Show in folder" menu (pt-BR: "Abrir na pasta").
Just create file below and save at: /usr/share/applications/
File: nautilus-folder-handler.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
_Name=Open Folder
TryExec=nautilus
Exec=nautilus --no-desktop %U
NoDisplay=true
Terminal=false
Icon=folder-open
StartupNotify=true
Type=Application
MimeType=x-directory/gnome-default-handler;x-directory/normal;inode/directory;application/x-gnome-saved-search;
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Bugzilla=GNOME
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Product=nautilus
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Component=general
After, locate the file ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list
and add/change the "inode" entry:
inode/directory=nautilus-folder-handler.desktop
PS: May need a reboot or session refresh.