It contains informations about activities, content providers, permissions etc. It is like the web.xml file in Java EE.
An activity is a class that represents a single screen. It is like a Frame in AWT.
Intent is used to invoke components. It is mainly used to:
Start the service
Launch an activity
Display a web page
Display a list of contacts
Broadcast a message
Dial a phone call etc.
A view is the UI element such as button, label, text field etc. Anything that you see is a view.
Content Providers are used to share data between the applications.
Service is a background process that can run for a long time.
There are two types of services local and remote. Local service is accessed from within the application whereas remote service is accessed remotely from other applications running on the same device
Fragments are like parts of activity. An activity can display one or more fragments on the screen at the same time.
A broadcast receiver (receiver) is an Android component which allows you to register for system or application events