Why wouldn't you want to control your AR Drone with your Clojure REPL?
A Clojure library to control the Parrot AR Drone 2.0 http://ardrone2.parrot.com/
You might also checkout this Clojure Drone library which has some very nice features https://github.com/wiseman/turboshrimp
Just beginning the start of the control library More to come soon.
If you are interested in seeing some demo videos, check out the blog post.
Using with Leiningen
(defproject your-project "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"
:description "Your project"
:dependencies [[clj-drone "0.1.8"]])You need to install the h264 (for video conversion) jar locally. You can use the lein-localrepo plug in. Run:
lein localrepo install h264/h264-decoder-1.0.jar h264-decoder/h264-decoder 1.0
lein localrepo install opencv/opencv-245.jar opencv/opencv 2.4.5
Or - If you don't really care about the vision stuff and you just want to fly the drone. Go ahead clone the project and remove them from them from the project.clj
You will also need to create a /logs directory in the root of your project
Sample Usage - Drone Takes off for 10 seconds and then lands
(ns clj-drone.example
(:use clj-drone.core))
(drone-initialize)
(drone :take-off)
(Thread/sleep 10000)
(drone :land)(drone :take-off)
(drone :land)
(drone :emergency) ;; restores control of drone after emergency landing
(drone :hover)
(drone :flat-trim) ;; called on initialize as well to tell drone it is flat on the groundThe movement commands take argument from 0-1
(drone :spin-right 0.5)
(drone :spin-left 1)
(drone :up 0.5)
(drone :down 1)
(drone :tilt-back 0.3)
(drone :tilt-front 1)
(drone :tilt-right 1)
(drone :tilt-left 1)The fly command takes arguments left-right tilt, front-back tilt, vertical speed, angular speed. The arguments are all in the range -1 to 1.
(drone :fly 0.3 -0.9 0.7 -0.2)The drone-do-for command does a command for x second
(drone-do-for 4 :take-off) ;=> take off for 4 seconds
(drone-do-for 2 :spin-right 0.8) ;=> spin right at 80% for 2 seconds
(drone-do-for 2 :spin-left 0.3) ;=> spin left at 30% for 2 secondsThe drone reset-watchdog command is used for when the drone command sequence number gets out of sync. It will ignore commands that come in with a bad or out of sync sequence number. Calling this resets it to zero. The drone will drop it's connection and reset its counter to 0 by itself if no command is received from the client for 2 seconds.
(drone :reset-watchdog)Visual tag targeting commands
(drone :init-targeting) ;=> sets up drone to receive navigation visual tags
(drone :target-shell-h) ;=> detects indoor and outdoor hull tags on horizontal camera
(drone :target-roundel-v) ;=> detects the roundel tag on the vertical camera
(drone :target-color-green) ;=> detects the green indoor/outhull hull tags
(drone :target-color-yellow) ;=> detects the yellow indoor/outhull hull tags
(drone :target-color-blue) ;=> detects the blue indoor/outhull hull
tags
(drone :hover-on-roundel) ;=> puts the drone in a mode where it will follow the roundel on the ground
(drone :free-flight) ;=> puts the drone back in normal mode accepting movement commandsAnimations or Tricks
(drone :anim-yaw-shake) ;=> really fast back and forth yaw turn
(drone :anim-turnaround) ;=> kinda a jerky turnaround
(drone :anim-wave) ;=> my favorite - kinda like a hoola-hoop
(drone :anim-double-phi-theta-mixed) ;=> kinda crazy move had to describe
(drone :anim-flip-right) ;=> Classic flip goodness
````
LED Animations
`````clojure
(drone :led_blink_green_red) ;=> blink leds red green for 1 sec
(drone :led_blink_green) ;=> blink leds green for 1 sec
(drone :led_blink_red) ;=> blink leds red for 1 sec
(drone :led_blink_orange) ;=> blink leds orange for 1 sec
(drone :led_blink_snake) ;=> snake blink leds red green for 1 sec
````
## Navigation Data
To start receiving the navigation data, you must issue the command.
````clojure
(drone-init-navdata)
```
This will start a log in logs/drone.log that will record the
navigation data for you. You can control what is printed out to the
log with:
```clojure
(set-log-data [nav-data-keys])
```
Example:
````clojure
(set-log-data [:seq-num :flying :battery-percent :control-state :roll :pitch :yaw
:velocity-x :velocity-y :velocity-z])
```
The Navigation Data is stored in a atom that is a map. You can
de-reference with:
````clojure
@nav-data
```
The possible values are:
````clojure
;;General State Info
:flying ;=> :landed or :flying
:video ;=> :off or :on
:vision ;=> :off or :on
:control ;=> :euler-angles or :angular-speed
:altitude-control ;=> :off or :on
:user-feedback ;=> :off or :on
:command-ack ;=> :none or :received
:camera ;=> :not-ready or :ready
:travelling ;=> :off or :on
:usb ;=> :not-ready or :ready
:demo ;=> :off or :on
:bootstrap ;=> :off or :on
:motors ;=> :ok or :motor-problem
:communication ;=> :ok or :communication-lost
:software ;=> :ok or :software-fault
:battery ;=> :ok or :too-low
:emergency-landing ;=> :off or :on
:timer ;=> :not-elapsed or :elapsed
:magneto ;=> :ok or :needs-calibration
:angles ;=> :ok or :out-of-range
:wind ;=> :ok or :too-much
:ultrasound ;=> :ok or :deaf
:cutout ;=> :ok or :detected
:pic-version ;=> :bad-version or :ok
:atcodec-thread ;=> :off or :on
:navdata-thread ;=> :off or :on
:video-thread ;=> :off or :on
:acquisition-thread ;=> :off or :on
:ctrl-watchdog ;=> :ok or :delay
:adc-watchdog ;=> :ok or :delay
:com-watchdog ;=> :ok or :problem
:emergency ;=> :ok or :detected
;;Demo Options
:control-state ;=> possible values [:default :init :flying :hovering :test :trans-takeoff :trans-gotofix :trans-landing :trans-looping]
:battery-percent ;=> value between 0 - 1
:pitch ;=> in degrees
:roll ;=> in degrees
:yaw ;=> in degrees
:altitude ;=> in meters
:velocity-x
:velocity-y
:velocity-z
;;Visual Target/Tag Detection
:targets-num ;=> number of tags detected 0 - 4
:detect-camera-type ;=> :non-disabled or :multiple (meaning horizonal and
vertical)
:targets ;=> [vec of targets detected if targets-num > 0 ]
[{:target-type :horizontal or :vertical or :vertical-hsync
:target-xc ;=> in cm
:target-yc ;=> in cm
:target-width ;=> in cm
:target-height ;=> in cm
:target-dist ;=> in cm
:target-orient-angle ;=> in degrees if the target is roundel,
:target-camera-source ;=>(same as target-type - as far as I can tell anyway)}]
```
The nav stream will keep going unless interrupted or called to end by
giving the command
````clojure
(end-navstream)
```
Example Program to log navigation data for a flight
````clojure
(ns clj-drone.example.nav-test
(:require [clj-drone.core :refer :all]
[clj-drone.navdata :refer :all]))
;; logging is configured to go to the logs/drone.log file
(set-log-data [:seq-num :flying :battery-percent :control-state :roll :pitch :yaw
:velocity-x :velocity-y :velocity-z])
(drone-initialize)
(drone-init-navdata)
(drone :take-off)
(Thread/sleep 10000)
(drone :land)
(end-navstream)
````
## Detecting Targets with the Navigation Data
You can configure the drone to detect pre-defined tags
on the horizontal and vertical cameras. You first need to tell the
drone which targets to detect on what cameras. Here is an example
program:
````clojure
(ns clj-drone.example.target-test
(:require [clj-drone.core :refer :all]
[clj-drone.navdata :refer :all]))
;; logging is configured to go to the logs/drone.log file
(set-log-data [:seq-num :battery-percent :control-state :detect-camera-type
:targets-num :targets])
(drone-initialize)
(drone :init-targeting)
(drone :target-shell-h)
(drone :target-color-blue)
;; the drone will look for targets with blue tags on the horizontal camera
(drone :target-roundel-v)
;; the drone will look for the black and white roundel on the vertical camera
(drone-init-navdata)
;; watch the drone.log file and move the drone above the roundel
;; target and put the hull in front of the horizontal camera
(end-navstream) ;; this ends the logging
```
## Auto Navigation with Goals and Beliefs
Why shouldn't the AR drone have goals and beliefs?
Inspired by John McCarthy's
[Ascribing Mental Qualities to Machines](http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/ascribing/ascribing.html)
, the AR drone can execute behavior based on defined goals and beliefs
and log its progress in the drone.log. The way it works is the
function that continually processes the navigation input, looks at the
atom that holds the list of the current goals. Currently, the drone
processes these goals one at a time. That is it will not process the
second goal in the list until the first goal completes.
### Defining belief-actions
Belief-actions are defined using the def-belief-action macro. It
takes a readable str for the belief, a predicate function of the
nav-data map to see if it "believes" the statement or not. Finally,
it takes another function of the nav-data map to define what the
action it should take is, if it holds the belief to be true. Example:
````clojure
(def-belief-action ba-landed
"I am landed"
(fn [{:keys [control-state]}] (= control-state :landed))
(fn [navdata] (drone :take-off)))
````
### Defining belief-goals
Goals are defined using the def-goal macro. It takes a readable str
for the goal, a predicate function of the nav-data map to see if the
goal has been reached. Finally it takes a vector of belief actions
that it evaluates until the goal has been reached. Example:
````clojure
(def-goal g-take-off
"I want to fly."
(fn [{:keys [control-state]}] (= control-state :hovering))
[ba-landed ba-taking-off])
```
### Setting the current goals
The list of current goals is set via function set-current-goal-list.
The current-goal-list is an atom, so the goals can be changed mid
flight and immediately communicated to the navigation thread. Example:
````clojure
(set-current-goal-list [g-take-off g-cruising-altitude g-land])
```
For a further example of navigation goal processing, see [example/nav-goals](https://github.com/gigasquid/clj-drone/blob/master/examples/nav_goals.clj)
## Viewing Video
The video can viewed as it goes - We convert the h264 video to png
frames for display. Here is a sample:
````clojure
(drone-initialize)
(init-video (drone-ip :default))
(start-video (drone-ip :default))
(end-video)
```
## Saving Video
The raw video can be saved on a flight while you are viewing it.
Example:
````clojure
(drone-initialize)
(configure-save-video true)
(init-video (drone-ip :default))
(start-video (drone-ip :default))
(end-video)
```
The resulting video file will be saved to vid.h264. You can convert
the video into a playable form with ffmpeg. You need to have [ffmpeg
installed with ffplay](http://www.renevolution.com/how-to-install-ffmpeg-on-mac-os-x/).
Converting video can be done with the following command.
ffmpeg -f h264 -an -i vid.h264 stream.m4v
## OpenCV Face Recognition
Once the video is in png format, it can be sent to OpenCV for
more processing. There is an example of facial recognition in the
examples directory. OpenCV requires native java bindings to run.
The native library for MacOS and opencv jar can be found in the opencv
directory. If you have a different OS, you will need to download
OpenCV and copy the native lib there.
Example:
````clojure
(configure-opencv true)
(drone-initialize)
(init-opencv)
(init-video (drone-ip :default))
(start-video (drone-ip :default))
(end-video)
````
## Controlling Multiple Drones
To control multiple drones, you need to first get them all on the same
adhoc network.
(Thanks to Jim Weirich for helping create the script and get this going.)
### Change first drone to adhoc network
Connect your computer to the first drone's network.
```clojure
telnet 192.68.1.1
```
Create the following file as adhoc.sh. This shell script will
temporarily change the network to an adhoc network named
"multidrone_ah" and assign it a static ip of 192.168.1.100.
The next time you reboot your drone, things will be back to normal.
```clojure
; This script should be run on the drone.
; Change the IP address to be difference
; for each drone on the same ad-hoc network
;
killall udhcpd
ifconfig ath0 down
iwconfig ath0 mode ad-hoc essid multidrone_ah channel auto commit
ifconfig ath0 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
````
Run the script.
### Change the second drone to the adhoc network
Connect your computer to the second drone's network.
```clojure
telnet 192.68.1.1
```
````clojure
; This script should be run on the drone.
; Change the IP address to be difference
; for each drone on the same ad-hoc network
;
killall udhcpd
ifconfig ath0 down
iwconfig ath0 mode ad-hoc essid multidrone_ah channel auto commit
ifconfig ath0 192.168.1.200 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
````
Run the script.
### On your laptop
- Connect to the adhoc network that the drones are on "multidrone_ah"
- Change your computer to a static ip on the network (from network
preferences on mac) something like 192.168.1.101
Now you are ready to run the program. There is an example
multi-drone.clj in the examples directory.
Example:
```clojure
(drone-initialize :drone1 "192.168.1.100" default-at-port default-navdata-port)
(mdrone :drone2 :take-off)
(mdrone :drone2 :land)
(drone-initialize :drone2 "192.168.1.200" default-at-port default-navdata-port)
(mdrone :drone1 :take-off)
(mdrone :drone1 :land)
````
Multi-drone navigation data and multi-drone with beliefs and goals
work also. See examples/multi_drone_nav_goals.clj for an example.
## Running tests
The tests use [Midje](https://github.com/marick/Midje). Use the midje
[lein plugin](https://github.com/marick/Midje/wiki/Lein-midje)
lein midje
## To do list
- faster processing of video
- video support for multiple drones
## License
Copyright © 2013 Carin Meier
Distributed under the Eclipse Public License, the same as Clojure.