/jwt

Jwt.Net, a JWT (JSON Web Token) implementation for .NET

Primary LanguageC#OtherNOASSERTION

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Jwt.Net, a JWT (JSON Web Token) implementation for .NET

This library supports generating and decoding JSON Web Tokens.

Sponsor
Auth0 logo If you want to quickly add secure token-based authentication to your .NET projects, feel free to check Auth0's free plan at auth0.com/developers.

Want to support the project too? Please visit my Patreon page.

Avaliable packages

  1. Jwt.Net
  2. Jwt.Net for ASP.NET Core
  3. Jwt.Net for Owin

Supported .NET versions:

  • .NET Framework 3.5 and higher versions
  • .NET Framework 4.0 and higher versions
  • .NET Standard 1.3
  • .NET Standard 2.0

License

The following projects and their resulting packages are licensed under Public Domain, see the LICENSE#Public-Domain file.

  • JWT

The following projects and their resulting packages are licensed under the MIT License, see the LICENSE#MIT file.

  • JWT.Extensions.AspNetCore
  • JWT.Extensions.Owin

Jwt.NET

NuGet

NuGet NuGet Pre

Creating (encoding) token

var payload = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "claim1", 0 },
    { "claim2", "claim2-value" }
};
const string secret = "GQDstcKsx0NHjPOuXOYg5MbeJ1XT0uFiwDVvVBrk";

IJwtAlgorithm algorithm = new HMACSHA256Algorithm(); // symmetric
IJsonSerializer serializer = new JsonNetSerializer();
IBase64UrlEncoder urlEncoder = new JwtBase64UrlEncoder();
IJwtEncoder encoder = new JwtEncoder(algorithm, serializer, urlEncoder);

var token = encoder.Encode(payload, secret);
Console.WriteLine(token);
Or using the fluent builder API
var token = JwtBuilder.Create()
                      .WithAlgorithm(new HMACSHA256Algorithm()) // symmetric
                      .WithSecret(secret)
                      .AddClaim("exp", DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddHours(1).ToUnixTimeSeconds())
                      .AddClaim("claim2", "claim2-value")
                      .Encode();

Console.WriteLine(token);

The output would be:

eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJjbGFpbTEiOjAsImNsYWltMiI6ImNsYWltMi12YWx1ZSJ9.8pwBI_HtXqI3UgQHQ_rDRnSQRxFL1SR8fbQoS-5kM5s

Parsing (decoding) and verifying token

const string token = "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJjbGFpbTEiOjAsImNsYWltMiI6ImNsYWltMi12YWx1ZSJ9.8pwBI_HtXqI3UgQHQ_rDRnSQRxFL1SR8fbQoS-5kM5s";
const string secret = "GQDstcKsx0NHjPOuXOYg5MbeJ1XT0uFiwDVvVBrk";

try
{
    IJsonSerializer serializer = new JsonNetSerializer();
    var provider = new UtcDateTimeProvider();
    IJwtValidator validator = new JwtValidator(serializer, provider);
    IBase64UrlEncoder urlEncoder = new JwtBase64UrlEncoder();
    IJwtAlgorithm algorithm = new HMACSHA256Algorithm(); // symmetric
    IJwtDecoder decoder = new JwtDecoder(serializer, validator, urlEncoder, algorithm);
    
    var json = decoder.Decode(token, secret, verify: true);
    Console.WriteLine(json);
}
catch (TokenExpiredException)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Token has expired");
}
catch (SignatureVerificationException)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Token has invalid signature");
}
Or using the fluent builder API
var json = JwtBuilder.Create()
                     .WithAlgorithm(new HMACSHA256Algorithm()) // symmetric
                     .WithSecret(secret)
                     .MustVerifySignature()
                     .Decode(token);                    
Console.WriteLine(json);

or

var json = JwtBuilder.Create()
                     .WithAlgorithm(new RS256Algorithm(certificate)) // asymmetric
                     .MustVerifySignature()
                     .Decode(token);                    
Console.WriteLine(json);

The output would be:

{ "claim1": 0, "claim2": "claim2-value" }

You can also deserialize the JSON payload directly to a .NET type:

var payload = decoder.DecodeToObject<IDictionary<string, object>>(token, secret);
Console.WriteLine(payload["claim2"]);
Or using the fluent builder API
var payload = JwtBuilder.Create()
                        .WithAlgorithm(new HMACSHA256Algorithm()) // symmetric
                        .WithSecret(secret)
                        .MustVerifySignature()
                        .Decode<IDictionary<string, object>>(token);     
Console.WriteLine(payload["claim2"]);

and

var payload = JwtBuilder.Create()
                        .WithAlgorithm(new RS256Algorithm(certificate)) // asymmetric
                        .MustVerifySignature()
                        .Decode<IDictionary<string, object>>(token);     
Console.WriteLine(payload["claim2"]);

The output would be:

claim2-value

Set and validate token expiration

As described in the JWT RFC, the exp "claim identifies the expiration time on or after which the JWT MUST NOT be accepted for processing." If an exp claim is present and is prior to the current time the token will fail verification. The exp (expiry) value must be specified as the number of seconds since 1/1/1970 UTC.

var provider = new UtcDateTimeProvider();
var now = provider.GetNow();

var secondsSinceEpoch = UnixEpoch.GetSecondsSince(now);

var payload = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "exp", secondsSinceEpoch }
};
const string secret = "GQDstcKsx0NHjPOuXOYg5MbeJ1XT0uFiwDVvVBrk";
var token = encoder.Encode(payload, secret);

var json = decoder.Decode(token, secret); // throws TokenExpiredException

Parsing (decoding) token header

var serializer = new JsonNetSerializer();
var urlEncoder = new JwtBase64UrlEncoder();
var decoder = new JwtDecoder(serializer, urlEncoder);

JwtHeader header = decoder.DecodeHeader<JwtHeader>(token);

var typ = header.Type; // JWT
var alg = header.Algorithm; // RS256
var kid = header.KeyId; // CFAEAE2D650A6CA9862575DE54371EA980643849
Or using the fluent builder API
JwtHeader header = JwtBuilder.Create()
                             .DecodeHeader<JwtHeader>(TestData.TokenByAsymmetricAlgorithm);

var typ = header.Type; // JWT
var alg = header.Algorithm; // RS256
var kid = header.KeyId; // CFAEAE2D650A6CA9862575DE54371EA980643849

Custom JSON serializer

By default JSON serialization is performed by JsonNetSerializer implemented using Json.Net. To use a different one, implement the IJsonSerializer interface:

public class CustomJsonSerializer : IJsonSerializer
{
    public string Serialize(object obj)
    {
        // Implement using favorite JSON serializer
    }

    public T Deserialize<T>(string json)
    {
        // Implement using favorite JSON serializer
    }
}

And then pass this serializer to JwtEncoder constructor:

IJwtAlgorithm algorithm = new HMACSHA256Algorithm(); // symmetric
IJsonSerializer serializer = new CustomJsonSerializer();
IBase64UrlEncoder urlEncoder = new JwtBase64UrlEncoder();
IJwtEncoder encoder = new JwtEncoder(algorithm, serializer, urlEncoder);

Custom JSON serialization settings with the default JsonNetSerializer

As mentioned above, the default JSON serialization is done by JsonNetSerializer. You can define your own custom serialization settings as follows:

JsonSerializer customJsonSerializer = new JsonSerializer
{
    // All keys start with lowercase characters instead of the exact casing of the model/property, e.g. fullName
    ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver(), 
    
    // Nice and easy to read, but you can also use Formatting.None to reduce the payload size
    Formatting = Formatting.Indented,
    
    // The most appropriate datetime format.
    DateFormatHandling = DateFormatHandling.IsoDateFormat,
    
    // Don't add keys/values when the value is null.
    NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore,
    
    // Use the enum string value, not the implicit int value, e.g. "red" for enum Color { Red }
    Converters.Add(new StringEnumConverter())
};
IJsonSerializer serializer = new JsonNetSerializer(customJsonSerializer);

Jwt.Net ASP.NET Core

NuGet

NuGet NuGet Pre

Register authentication handler to validate JWT

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddAuthentication(options =>
                 {
                     options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                     options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                 })
            .AddJwt(options =>
                 {
                     // secrets
                     options.Keys = new[] { "GQDstcKsx0NHjPOuXOYg5MbeJ1XT0uFiwDVvVBrk" };
                     
                     // force JwtDecoder to throw exception if JWT signature is invalid
                     options.VerifySignature = true;
                 });
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
    app.UseAuthentication();
}

Custom factories to produce Identity or AuthenticationTicket

options.IdentityFactory = dic => new ClaimsIdentity(
    dic.Select(p => new Claim(p.Key, p.Value)));

options.TicketFactory = (identity, scheme) => new AuthenticationTicket(
    new ClaimsPrincipal(identity),
    new AuthenticationProperties(),
    scheme.Name);

Register middleware to validate JWT

app.UseJwtMiddleware();

Note: work in progress as the scenario/usage is not designed yet. The registered will do nothing but throw an exception.

Jwt.Net OWIN

NuGet

NuGet NuGet Pre

Register middleware to validate JWT

app.UseJwtMiddleware();

Note: work in progress as the scenario/usage is not designed yet. The registered will do nothing but throw an exception.