help to edit: https://gist.github.com/PurpleBooth/109311bb0361f32d87a2

Usefull_Commands

I used to search in net for commands syntax. it's better to collect them for others.

run a command in ubuntu

ctrl+alt+T to open a terminal
alt+F2 to execute a command without terminal
update url of wordpress
best way to replace all in editor

	sed -i -e 's/http\:\/\/url\.com/http\:\/\/localhost\:port/g' hello.txt

or update database

	update wp_options set option_value = 'url:port' where option_name = 'siteurl';
	update wp_options set option_value = 'url:port' where option_name = 'home';
	UPDATE wp_links SET link_image = REPLACE(link_image,'old_url','');
	UPDATE wp_links SET link_url = REPLACE(link_url,'old_url','');
	UPDATE wp_posts SET post_content = REPLACE(post_content,'old_url','');
	UPDATE wp_postmeta SET meta_value = REPLACE(meta_value,'old_url','');

split a movie

ffmpeg -ss 00:00:00 -t 00:46:00 -i inputfile outputfile

in error with :

	ffmpeg -ss 00:00:00 -t 00:46:00 -i inputfile -max_muxing_queue_size 400 outputfile

find last change files

find /<directory> -newermt "-24 hours" -ls

about mail

pop3 can delete on serve but IMAP not.

ssh login without anyone know

at the end of ssh session :

find / -mtime -1 |grep -v 'proc|module|cache|lib|kernel|/sys/|devices'
rm files that think log you

rm /var/log/wtmp /var/log/btmp /var/log/lastlog touch /var/log/wtmp /var/log/btmp /var/log/lastlog history -c

change grub2 mode

sudo vi /etc/default/grub

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="text"

update-grub2

obtain JAVA_HOME etc.

vi /etc/environment
export

send stdout & stderr to /dev/null

> /dev/null 2>&1

display colored in bash

??

create new user

docker exec -ti [name_of_ocsrv_container] ocpasswd -c /etc/ocserv/ocpasswd -g "Route,All" username

connect to server from client with openconnect

sudo openconnect [IP or URL] --user=username -p=password --authgroup=route    --servercert sha256:[has given on first use from bash]

docker

install docker on ubuntu 16.04

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y docker-compose

install docker-compose

sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.17.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
docker-compose --version

docker pull , export and import from host to host

docker pull ubuntu
docker run -t -i ubuntu /bin/bash

after desired changes, in another bash

docker ps
docker export ID | gzip > ubuntu.tar.gz

in another host

gzcat ubuntu.tar.gz | docker import - ubuntu-alice
docker save ubuntu | gzip > ubuntu-golden.tar.gz
gzcat ubuntu-golden.tar.gz | docker load

docker pull and transfer to another repo

docker pull ubuntu
docker tag ubuntu another_repo
docker push another_repo

import data to exist database in mysql/mariadb docker container

docker exec -i container_name mysql -uUser -pPassword --database=DBName < sqlfile

disable startup docker containers

in /va/var/lib/docker/containers

grep -irn '"RestartPolicy":{"Name":"always"' | cut -d : -f 1
the result list is files with restartpolicy; change them to "RestartPolicy":{"Name":"no"

grep -irn '"RestartPolicy":{"Name":"always"' | cut -d : -f 1 | xargs -n 1 sed -i s/'"RestartPolicy":{"Name":"always"'/'"RestartPolicy":{"Name":"no"'/g
bash of docker container

docker exec -it container_name bash

start docker container with systemd in centos 7

add container.service to /etc/systemd/system/

[Unit] Description=Redis container After=docker.service

[Service] Restart=always ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker start -a redis_server ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop -t 2 redis_server

[Install] WantedBy=local.target

change docker containers

after changes:

docker commit container_name desired_name

multi (two and more) commands in docker container with exec option

docker exec -ti [name_of_ocsrv_container] bash -c 'command1;command2;....'

delete container

docker rm ocserv

stop and start docker daemon

service docker stop
service docker start

check started containers

docker ps

Dockerfile

install composer in a php Dockerfile

	RUN cd ~ \
    && curl -sS http://getcomposer.org/download/2.2.5/composer.phar -o composer.phar \
    && cp ~/composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer \
    && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composer

annyconnect ocserv with docker

create and run new ocserv
https://github.com/TommyLau/docker-ocserv

sudo docker run --name [name_of_ocsrv_container] --privileged -p 443:443 -p 443:443/udp -d tommylau/ocserv

bash of ocserv

docker exec -it [ocserv_container_name] bin/bash
ps aux | grep ^test | cut -d \  -f 6

gitlab runner

Stop and remove the existing container:

docker stop gitlab-runner && docker rm gitlab-runner
Start the container as you did originally:

docker run -d --name [container_name] --restart always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v /srv/gitlab-runner/config:/etc/gitlab-runner gitlab/gitlab-runner:latest

with ssl

docker run -d --name [container_name] --restart always 	-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock 	-v /srv/gitlab-runner/config:/etc/gitlab-runner:Z 	gitlab/gitlab-runner:latest

link css

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="theme.css">

mongodb

switched to mongodb shell

mongo

list all databases

db.adminCommand('listDatabases')

use a database

use [dbname]

show all collections

show collections

select all from a collection

db.[collname].find()

update a

db.[collname].update( { "[field]" : "[citria(first)]" }, { $set: { "[setfield]": "[updatedVal]" }, $currentDate: { "lastModified": true } //current date } )

db.users.update( {"username":"[username]"}, {$set :{"emails" : [ { "address" : "[email@domain.com]", "verified" : true } ] } })

avoid duplicte value in bash

export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth:erasedups # in .bash_rc

unlimited bash history

export HISTFILESIZE= export HISTSIZE=

don’t store specific lines in bash history

HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth

record timestamp for each line

HISTTIMEFORMAT='%F %T '

save history immediately

PROMPT_COMMAND='history -a'

append instead of writing

shopt -s histappend

use one command per line

shopt -s cmdhist

kill all instances of an app with bash

ps aux | grep [app_name] | cut -d \ -f 4,5,6 | xargs -n 1 kill -9

usefull alias for ~/.bashrc or /etc/bash.bashrc

alias rm='rm -i'

Prompt for history -c

not sure to work history(){ if [ "$1" = "-c" ] then echo "are you sure to delete all history?(y/n):" if [ "$2" = "y" ] then history -c fi else history "$1" fi }

crontab for history

diffrences between initd,SysV,systemD and upstart

initd: /etc/init.d/[services] start/stop/status/restart/reload SysV: update-rc.d [service] remove/start/stop/status/restart/reload # or remove it from /etc/rc.* SystemD: systemctl disable/enable/start/stop/status/restart/reload [services] upstart: ??

ignore labtop lid suspend on close

su -c 'vi /etc/systemd/logind.conf'

and set HandleLidSwitch to ignore: HandleLidSwitch=ignore
and then restart systemd su -c 'systemctl restart systemd-logind.service'

login without password to ssh

ssh-keygen ssh-copy-id user@host

DirectAdmin multi php version

SSL/TLS

https
- ??
ssh
- ??

change ports with firewall (iptables-ufw-firewalld)

refrence: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-a-basic-iptables-firewall-on-centos-6

blocking null packets.

  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL NONE -j DROP

The attack patterns use these to try and see how we configured the VPS and find out weaknesses

reject syn-flood attack

  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp ! --syn -m state --state NEW -j DROP

attackers open a new connection, but do not state what they want (ie. SYN, ACK, whatever)

XMAS packets

  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL ALL -j DROP

Open all Local
```
  	iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
```

Allow webserver traffic

  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT

Allow email ports (SMTP,POP3,IMAP)

  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT
  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 465 -j ACCEPT
  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 110 -j ACCEPT
  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 995 -j ACCEPT
  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 143 -j ACCEPT
  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 993 -j ACCEPT

Allow SSH on desired port

  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport [port] -j ACCEPT

Allow SSH on desired port for my IP

  	iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s YOUR_IP_ADDRESS -m tcp --dport [port] -j ACCEPT

Allow us to use outgoing connections (ie. ping from VPS or run software updates);
```
  	iptables -I INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
```

block everything else

  	iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
  	iptables -P INPUT DROP

disable root login

ref: https://github.com/jrleszcz/linux-server-setup

edit sshd file /etc/ssh/sshd_config -change:

  	# Authentication:
  	PermitRootLogin no

reload ssh

apache

list virtual hosts

apachectl -M
check configuration

apachectl -t

Git

move current directory to remote git repository
make a git repository in current directory

	git init .

add server side url to current git repository as remote

	git remote add origin url

add current files

	git add .

commit

	git commit -m "first "

push to server

	git push -u origin master

show configuration of git in current repository

	git config --get remote.origin.url
	git remote show origin

create new branch and switch on it

	git branch [new_branch_names]
	git checkout [new_branch_names]

or you can use this shorthand

	git checkout -b [new_branch_names]

merge two branches (hotfix into master)

(https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Basic-Branching-and-Merging)

	git checkout master
	git merge iss53

in conflict use mergetool

	git mergetool

list all git brances

(http://gitready.com/intermediate/2009/02/13/list-remote-branches.html)

	git branch
	git branch -a
	git branch -r #

laravel

migration

create new migration

for update:

	php artisan make:migration [some_name_as_comment] --table=[table_name]

JavaScript

Inject into html

const script = document.createElement('script');
script.src =
  'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.1/jquery.min.js';
script.onload = () => {
  console.log('Script loaded successfuly');
};
script.onerror = () => {
  console.log('Error occurred while loading script');
};
document.body.appendChild(script);

PHP

php_documentation link

hmdshariati/Usefull_Commands