This is an efficient and fixed-point implementation of the well-known Pan and Tompkins beat detector [1]. This helps you to efficiently detect QRS (R beats) in an ECG signal robustly.
This code implements an updated version of the published article where the authors published corrections to a few filters employed in the paper. This is a multi-platform implementation and efficient even for MCUs not designed for signal processing. Yes, we are talking about shifting bits instead of division and multiplication.
Many optimizations have been performed to improve the implementation that are detailed in this brief.
Pan and Tompkins proposed an accurate real-time ECG beat detector in 1985 that has been successfully used in many commercial devices [1]. The main stages of the algorithm are detailed in the folowing diagram.
The whole beat detector is implemented in a single C and header file namely PanTompkins.c
and PanTompkins.h. Additionally, for testing and debugging purposes a commandline version is provided in PanTompkinsCMD.c.
The main process of the code is implemented as a struct making it easy to access and
debug the program on the go. There are various so called get_functions that let the user query any parameter in real-time from the main algorithm.
These are detailed in PanTompkinsCMD.c. The code is written in a sequential and organized manner where each single step is imple-
mented as sub-module for easy access and understanding. The use of the code in any appli-
cation is very simple.
An example output of the code is illustrated below.
The user only needs to include the header in their main application
and then first call PT_init() to initialize and then recursively call PT_StateMachine((int16 t) sample),
where the sample is the latest ECG sample acquired from ADC.
PT_StateMachine routine implements the state flow of the Pan Tompkins algorithm
and calls the other subroutines such as filtering and decision making units. Please refer to
PanTompkins.c and PanTompkinsCMD.c for detailed documentation and example use.
@misc{sedghamiz2021ECG,
title={Fixed Point Implementation of Pan-Tompkins ECG QRS Detector},
author={Hooman Sedghamiz},
year={2021},
eprint={2109.07424},
archivePrefix={Github},
}
[1] J. Pan and W. J. Tompkins, "Real-Time QRS Detection Algorithm" IEEE Transac- tions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-32, no. 3, pp. 230{236, 1985.
[2] P. S. Hamilton and W. J. Tompkins, "Quantitative Investigation of QRS Detection Rules Using the MIT/BIH Arrhythmia Database," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineer- ing, vol. BME-33, no. 12, pp. 1157{1165, 1986.