trying to go deeper into java
| **Java SE Version ** | Version Number | Release Date | notes branch |
|---|---|---|---|
| JDK 1.0 (Oak) | 1.0 | January 1996 [1996-01-23] | java-0-notes |
| JDK 1.1 | 1.1 | February 1997 [1997-02-18] | java-1-notes |
| J2SE 1.2 (Playground) | 1.2 | December 1998 [1998-12-04] | java-2-notes |
| J2SE 1.3 (Kestrel) | 1.3 | May 2000 [2000-05-08] | java-3-notes |
| J2SE 1.4 (Merlin) | 1.4 | February 2002 [2002-02-13] | java-4-notes |
| J2SE 5.0 (Tiger) | 1.5 | September 2004 [2004-09-30] | java-5-notes |
| Java SE 6 (Mustang) | 1.6 | December 2006 [2006-12-12] | java-6-notes |
| Java SE 7 (Dolphin) | 1.7 | July 2011 [2011-07-11] | java-7-notes |
| Java SE 8 | 1.8 | March 2014 [2014-03-18] | java-8-notes |
| Java SE 9 | 9 | September 2017 [2017-09-21] | java-9-notes |
| Java SE 10 | 10 | March 2018 [2018-03-20] | java-10-notes |
| Java SE 11 | 11 | September 2018 [2018-09-25] | java-11-notes |
| Java SE 12 | 12 | March 2019 [2019-03-19] | java-12-notes |
| Java SE 13 | 13 | September 2019 [2019-09-17] | java-13-notes |
| Java SE 14 | 14 | March 2020 [2020-03-17] | java-14-notes |
| Java SE 15 | 15 | September 2020 [2020-09-15] | java-15-notes |
| Java SE 16 | 16 | March 2021 [2021-03-16] | java-16-notes |
| Java SE 17 | 17 | _Expected on September. 2021 [2021-09-14] _ | java-17-notes |
| Java SE 18 | 18 | _Expected on March. 2022 [2022-03-15 ] _ | java-18-notes |
- generics rely on type-erasure
- type erasure - erasing type variables to their bound
- when we create a generic class/method/variable - the type specified might be bounded/unbounded.
- depending on the bounds, java compiler will erase the type and replaces with the bound.
//1. unbounded type example -
// node in singly linked list
public class NodeUnboundedType<T>{
// here, T is unbounded
private T data; // what data we want generics.Node to hold
private NodeUnboundedType<T> next; // next node in the list
public NodeUnboundedType(T data, NodeUnboundedType<T> next){
this.data = data;
this.next = next;
}
public void setData(T data){
this.data = data;
}
}
// After compiler applies a type erasure, it becomes like below
public class NodeUnboundedType {
private Object data;
private NodeUnboundedType next;
public NodeUnboundedType(Object data,NodeUnboundedType next){
this.data = data;
this.next = next;
}
public void setData(Object data){
this.data = data;
}
}
// 2. bounded type example
public class NodeBoundedType<T extends Comparable<T>> {
// here, T is bounded, in the sense, bounded by Comparable.
private T data;
private NodeBoundedType<T> next;
public NodeBoundedType(T data, NodeBoundedType<T> next){
this.data = data;
this.next = next;
}
public void setData(T data){
this.data = data;
}
}
// After compiler applies a type erasure, it becomes like below
public class NodeBoundedType {
private Comparable data;
private NodeBoundedType next;
public NodeBoundedType(Comparable data,NodeBoundedType next){
this.data = data;
this.next = next;
}
public void setData(Comparable data){
this.data = data;
}
}