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ESP32 and ESP8266 chips come with one or two Xtensa CPUs, which (unlike x86 or ARM) are not supported by the official Rust compiler.
These instructions describe how to build Rust compiler (from LLVM and rustc) that supports Xtensa architecture, as well as how to build and flash blinking LED program to the ESP32.
Building Rust compiler is CPU and memory intense process. The compilation can take up to 15 minutes on higher-grade CPUs and even several hours on resource-starved VMs. Besides that, the compilation may fail on systems with less than 6GB of RAM.
The required software components and resulting artefacts can take up to 10GB of disk space.
The fork now uses the xtensa enabled fork as its llvm submodule, so its now possible to build the entire toolchain in a few commands.
All that is required to build rustc for linux is the steps below.
$ git clone https://github.com/MabezDev/rust-xtensa
$ cd rust-xtensa
$ ./configure --experimental-targets=Xtensa
$ ./x.py build --stage 2Before cross-compiling an xtensa target, you must set the following vars, which are set in the setenv script in this project:
XARGO_RUST_SRC=/path/to/rust-xtensa/src
RUSTC=/path/to/rust-xtensa/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage2/bin/rustc
After making sure you have Visual Studio Community and python3 installed, in a cmd.exe run:
$ git clone https://github.com/MabezDev/rust-xtensa
$ cd rust-xtensa
$ CALL "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
$ python3 src/bootstrap/configure.py --experimental-targets=Xtensa
$ python3 x.py buildBefore cross-compiling an xtensa target, you must set the following vars either for your system or within your IDE:
XARGO_RUST_SRC=\path\to\rust-xtensa\library
RUSTC=\path\to\rust-xtensa\build\x86_64-pc-windows-msvc\stage2\bin\rustc
If you would like to build the llvm fork separately, follow the instructions below.
If you don't have them already, you'll first have to install ninja-build and a C++ compiler (such as g++).
Please refer to LLVM project for more information.
$ git clone https://github.com/MabezDev/llvm-project
$ cd llvm-project/llvm
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake .. -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="X86" -DLLVM_EXPERIMENTAL_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="Xtensa" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -G "Ninja"
$ cmake --build .
Please refer to the rust-xtensa project for authoratative instructions.
Assuming you built llvm in your home directory:
$ git clone https://github.com/MabezDev/rust-xtensa
$ cd rust-xtensa
$ ./configure --llvm-root=$HOME/llvm-project/llvm/build
$ ./x.py build
Instructions can be found on Espressif's web site.
Download the archived toolchain file, and extract it to the directory of your choice. Then add the toolchain's bin/ directory to your $PATH. For example:
$ mkdir ~/esp
$ tar -xzf ~/Downloads/xtensa-esp32-elf-linux64-1.22.0-80-g6c4433a-5.2.0.tar.gz -C ~/esp
$ PATH="$PATH:$HOME/esp/xtensa-esp32-elf/bin"
- install the xtensa-lx106-elf toolchain from the espressif web site.
$ mkdir ~/esp
$ tar -xzf ~/Downloads/xtensa-lx106-elf-linux64-1.22.0-100-ge567ec7-5.2.0.tar.gz -C ~/esp
$ PATH="$PATH:$HOME/esp/xtensa-lx106-elf/bin"
NOTE: Doesn't work for the ESP32 at the moment: rust-lang/wg-cargo-std-aware#53
Since the introduction of the build-std feature of cargo, it is possible to build core without any additional tools.
As this feature develops it will become the default, for now you can try it by adding the following to .cargo/config:
# build core for the xtensa target
[unstable]
build-std = ["core", "alloc"]
Instead, choose either xargo or cargo xbuild.
$ cargo install xargo
When you install xargo, it may complain that this requires the nightly channel. The fix for this is to switch your rust installation to use the nightly channel as follows:
$ rustup default nightly
$ rustup update
or
$ cargo install cargo-xbuild
Esptool is python-based command line tool for flashing ESP32 and ESP8266 chips. Full installation instructions are available on the website, but it's usually as straightforward as:
$ pip install esptool
$ git clone https://github.com/MabezDev/xtensa-rust-quickstart
Update CUSTOM_RUSTC in setenv to point to the version of rust you compiled earlier. Then load the environment variables with:
$ source setenv
The preferred method of flashing is to use cargo-espflash, installed with cargo install cargo-espflash. Otherwise you will have to invoke Espressif's esptool.py to flash the binaries manually.
# Example for the ESP32
$ cargo espflash --chip esp32 --example esp32 --speed 460800 --features="xtensa-lx-rt/lx6,xtensa-lx/lx6,esp32-hal" --tool=[xargo|xbuild|cargo] /dev/ttyUSB0# Example for the ESP8266
$ cargo espflash --chip esp8266 --example esp8266 --features="xtensa-lx-rt/lx106 xtensa-lx/lx106 esp8266-hal" --tool=[xargo|xbuild|cargo] /dev/ttyUSB0- The esp-rs organization has been formed to develop runtime, pac and hal crates for the esp32 and eventually esp8266.
- Checkout @lexxvir's project for an example of using the esp-idf bindings in a Rust application.
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