sandman2

Discuss

Looking for a place to ask questions about sandman? Check out the sandman-discuss and sandman-users forums!

Documentation

sandman "makes things REST". Have an existing database you'd like to expose via a REST API? Normally, you'd have to write a ton of boilerplate code for the ORM you're using, then integrate that into some web framework.

I don't want to write boilerplate.

Here's what's required to create a RESTful API service from an existing database using sandman:

$ sandmanctl sqlite:////tmp/my_database.db

That's it. sandman will then do the following:

connect to your database and introspect its contents
create and launch a REST API service
create an HTML admin interface
open your browser to the admin interface

That's right. Given a legacy database, sandman not only gives you a REST API, it gives you a beautiful admin page and opens your browser to the admin page. It truly does everything for you.

Supported Databases

sandman, by default, supports connections to the same set of databases as SQLAlchemy. As of this writing, that includes:

MySQL (MariaDB)
PostgreSQL
SQLite
Oracle
Microsoft SQL Server
Firebird
Drizzle
Sybase
IBM DB2
SAP Sybase SQL Anywhere
MonetDB

Authentication

As of version 0.9.3, sandman fully supports HTTP Basic Authentication! See the documentation for more details.

Behind the Scenes

sandmanctl is really just a simple wrapper around the following:

from sandman import app

app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///chinook'

from sandman.model import activate

activate()

app.run()

You don't even need to tell sandman what tables your database contains. Just point sandman at your database and let it do all the heavy lifting

Let's start our new service and make a request. While we're at it, lets make use of sandman's awesome filtering capability by specifying a filter term:

> python runserver.py &
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/

> curl GET "http://localhost:5000/artists?Name=AC/DC"

...
{
    "resources": [
        {
            "ArtistId": 1,
            "Name": "AC/DC",
            "links": [
                {
                    "rel": "self",
                    "uri": "/artists/1"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

All of that, including filtering/searching, is automagically available from those five measly lines of code.

Oh, that's not enough? You also want a Django-style admin interface built automatically? Fine. You may have noticed that when you ran runserver.py that a browser window popped up. Now's the time to go check that out. You'll find it's that Django-style admin interface you've been bugging me about, looking something like this:

(If you want to disable the browser from opening automatically each time sandman starts, call activate with browser=False)

If you wanted to specify specific tables that sandman should make available, how do you do that? With this little ditty:

from sandman.model import register, Model

class Artist(Model):
    __tablename__ = 'Artist'

class Album(Model):
    __tablename__ = 'Album'

class Playlist(Model):
    __tablename__ = 'Playlist'

register((Artist, Album, Playlist))

And if you wanted to add custom logic for an endpoint? Or change the endpoint name? Or change your top level json object name? Or add validation? All supported. Here's a "fancy" class definition:

class Style(Model):
    """Model mapped to the "Genre" table

    Has a custom endpoint ("styles" rather than the default, "genres").
    Only supports HTTP methods specified.
    Has a custom validator for the GET method.

    """

    __tablename__ = 'Genre'
    __endpoint__ = 'styles'
    __methods__ = ('GET', 'DELETE')
    __top_level_json_name__ = 'Genres'

    @staticmethod
    def validate_GET(resource=None):
        """Return False if the request should not be processed.

        :param resource: resource related to current request
        :type resource: :class:`sandman.model.Model` or None

        """

        if isinstance(resource, list):
            return True
        elif resource and resource.GenreId == 1:
            return False
        return True

With sandman, zero boilerplate code is required. In fact, using sandmanctl, no code is required at all. Your existing database structure and schema is introspected and your database tables magically get a RESTful API and admin interface. For each table, sandman creates:

proper endpoints
support for a configurable set of HTTP verbs
- GET
- POST
- PATCH
- PUT
- DELETE
responses with appropriate rel links automatically
- foreign keys in your tables are represented by link
custom validation by simply defining validate_<METHOD> methods on your Model
explicitly list supported methods for a Model by setting the __methods__ attribute
customize a Models endpoint by setting the __endpoint__ method
essentially a HATEOAS-based service sitting in front of your database

sandman is under active development but should be usable in any environment due to one simple fact:

sandman never alters your database unless you add or change a record yourself. It adds no extra tables to your existing database and requires no changes to any of your existing tables. If you start sandman, use it to browse your database via cURL, then stop sandman, your database will be in exactly the same state as it was before you began.

Installation

pip install sandman

Example Application

Take a look in the sandman/test directory. The application found there makes use of the Chinook sample SQL database.

Contact Me

Questions or comments about sandman? Hit me up at jeff@jeffknupp.com.

Changelog

Version 0.9.8

Support for the wheel distribution format

Version 0.9.7

Slightly better test coverage and documentation

Version 0.9.6

Support for using existing declarative models alongside sandman generated models
- If you have an existing app and want to include sandman in it, simply pass your existing models in to the register() function along with any sanmdman generated classes. sandman will detect the existing models and augment them.

Version 0.9.5

Fixes a critical bug where code used by the new etag decorators was accidentally not included. Thanks to @mietek for the PR.
Fixes an issue when showing the HTML representation of an empty collection.
Thanks to @mietek for reporting the issue.

Version 0.9.4

Fixes a critical bug in the requirements portion of setup.py, adding Flask-HTTPAuth

Version 0.9.3

Authentication supported!
- Entire API and admin can be protected by HTTP Basic Auth. See the docs for more details.
ETAGs
- Resources return the proper ETAG header and should reply with a 304 after the first request. This greatly improves the throughput and performance of the API.

Version 0.9.2

The meta endpoint
- All resources now have a /<resource>/meta endpoint that describes the types of each of their fields (both in HTML and JSON)
The root endpoint
- A "root" endpoint (/) has been created. It lists all resources registered in the application and includes URLs to their various endpoints. This allows a "dumb" client to navigate the API without knowing URLs beforehand.

Version 0.9.1

Python 3 support!
- sandman tests now pass for both 2.7 and 3.4! Python 3.4 is officially supported.

Version 0.8.1

New Feature

Link header now set to a resource's links
- Links to related objects now user a proper rel value: related
- The link to the current resource still uses the self rel value
- Links are specified both in the header (as per RFC5988) and in the resource itself
Pagination added for JSON (and number of results per page being returned is fixed)
Nested JSON models no longer the default; hitting a URL with the argument "expand" will show one level of nested resources
- This conforms more closely to REST principles while not sacrificing the functionality.

Version 0.7.8

Bug Fixes

Fix multiple references to same table error (fixes #59)