Learning How to Learn, is a Coursera course taught by Dr. Barbara Oakley and Dr. Terrence Sejnowski, Offered By McMaster University and University of California San Diego. I like the course, as a firm believer in lifelong learning, I'd like to keep improving my learning skills, therefore made this GitHub project, so maybe this can inspire others.
- Is a slider site using reveal.js
- The first slider is hardcoded.
- Rest sliders are generated by
- reading this
README.mdbelow, using marked.js at build time. - and injected to
domwithjsat run time;
- reading this
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The two types of networks that the brain switches between.
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- Highly attentive states.
- Our neural pathways link brain areas, such related to what we are thinking.
- Relates to an intense concentration on a specific problem or concept.
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is a more relaxed, resting state.
- Where our neural pathways randomly link brain areas.
- Often involves a big-picture.
- After hard focused work, relax, and do things that allow diffuse mode to take over.
Diffuse mode often helps us generate new ideas, being creative, understand things at the concept level.
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to learn more effectively and being creative.
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Immediately and consciously processing in our mind.
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- It is believed that working memory holds only about 4 chunks of information.
- Like a computer Random Access Memory, relatively small in capacity and stores information temporarily.
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- is like storage or a computer hard disk, relatively bigger capacity, can store information longer time.
- important for learning, because we need to store fundamental knowledge to learn more advanced.
- Move information from working memory to long-term memory takes time.
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spacing repetition out over some days is a good way to move working memory to long-term memory.
Long-term memory needs to be revisited occasionally to keep the memories accessible.
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- To help remember and understand concepts.
- To see something in our mind's eye.
Helpful not only in art, and literature, but also allow the scientific, and engineering world to make progress.
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Help to avoid being blocked by thinking about problems in the wrong ways.
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Studies have shown that sleep is a vital part of memory and learning.
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- Erase trivial memories.
- Strengthen areas of importance.
- Rehearses some tougher parts we trying to learn.
- Going over and over neural patterns to deepen and strengthen them.
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- Figure out difficult problems.
- Find meaning and understanding of what we are learning.
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- Increase the chance of dreaming about it.
- Enhance our ability to understand it.
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so our subconscious, diffuse thinking processes can have a chance to help assist us in actually accomplishing the tasks the next day.
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over a too long time is associated with headaches, depression, heart disease, diabetes, and dying earlier.
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Chunks are pieces of information that are bound together through meaning
we do not need to remember all underlying details.
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It's like riding a bike, we only need the main idea of biking, all the underlying complex biking activities take place with that simple chunk of thought.
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- it can be related in surprising ways to other similar chunks,
- not only in the field we are learning but also in very different fields.
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our diffuse mode can connect chunks in new ways to solve new problems.
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- focused mode reaches through the slots of working memory to make connections in various parts of the brain,
- to tie together ideas,
- often helps us to create chunks.
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- When we are angry, stressed, or afraid,
- our brain begins to lose the ability to make connections in various parts.
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- Understand the basic idea we trying to chunk.
- Understanding helps hold the underlying memory traces together.
- A chunk without understanding is a useless chunk, that won't fit in with other material we are learning.
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- "Chunking" involves compressing information,
- so it is easier to draw a "chunked" idea or concept into mind.
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- Going beyond the initial problem, seeing more broadly.
- Repeat and practice with both related and unrelated problems.
- Knowing when to use and when not use the chunk.
- Fit the chunk into the bigger picture.
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if we understand it, know how to and when to use (not use), have a big picture of the tool, we can benefit most from it.
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- When we draw lines under important sentences or mark them with colors.
- But with relatively few engage in self-testing or retrieval practice.
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- It provides the illusion that the material is also in our brain, but it's not.
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- Test ourselves on what we are learning, make sure we are not fooling ourselves.
- Recall allowing us to see whether or not we really grasp the idea.
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mental retrieval of the key ideas, rather than passive rereading, will make study time more focused and effective.
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By recall and practicing material, we can learn more and deeper than any other study approach.
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Recalling material when outside usual place of study help us strengthen our grasp of material by viewing it from a different perspective.
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to practice recall, we do not want to start from scratch again.
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Testing is a powerful learning experience.
- Take a test is more effective than study without it.
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Research has shown that testing during studies is one of the best ways to understand and retain information.
- The test process becomes routine and a natural extension of the learning process.
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When we start solving problems, start first with the hardest one, when we get stuck, jump to another problem immediately.
- When we switch our attention away, it allows the diffuse mode to begin its work, then come back with a big picture perspective.
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The great wall of China was not built in one day.
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rather than improving in one large batch, updates are often made continuously, piece by piece.
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Divide our learning or goal into small doses, and do a little every day.
- Give focused and diffuse modes the time to understand what we are learning.
- As we repeat we active our long-term memory.
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It wouldn't happen overnight, we train, eat, sleep, and our muscles grow bigger over time.
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Same as a workout, lift too heavy may physically hurt us, right technique, lift a weight that we can handle.
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on the toughest aspects of the material, continuously.
- Can help lift average brains into the realm of those with natural gifts.
- Similar to lift heavier weights, which leads our muscles to grow bigger and quicker.
- We can also practice certain mental patterns that deepen and enlarge our minds.
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Practice a mixture of different kinds of problems using different strategies, versus overlearning.
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- by skipping around through problems in different chapters and materials,
- seems to make learning more difficult.
- but it helps us learn more deeply.
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Once we got the basic idea down during a session, continuing at it doesn't strengthen the long-term memory connections we want.
Worsely, focusing on one technique is like learning carpentry by only practicing the hammer. After a while, we may think that anything can be fixed by just bashing it.
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- We once fault thought that neurons in our brain wouldn't grow as adults.
- But we now know that in a few places, new neurons are born every day.
- One of these places is very important for learning.
- Exercise assists our brain to grow new neurons.
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but they will die if we do not use them.
- New experiences will rescue them.
- Learn new subject areas.
- Traval exotic foreign country, experience differents.
also, help the nervous to survive.
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- Exercise is by far better than any drugs on the markets.
- Exercise benefits all of our other organisms.
- It's a good way of interleaving our learning or problem-solving.
- Give our brain time to practice diffuse thinking.
- Learning How to Learn: Powerful mental tools to help you master tough subjects -- Coursera
- A Mind For Numbers: how to Excel at math and Science (Even if You Flunked Algebra) -- Dr. Barbara Oakley 2014